맥류의 흰가루병 저항성 검정을 위한 실내 유묘 대량검정 방법

박종철,박철수,김미정,김양길,이미자,박기훈,노태환 한국식물병리학회 2008 식물병연구 Vol.14 No.3

This study was conducted to develop a easy seedling method to test large amounts of barley and wheat cultivars for resistance of powdery mildew. In addition, we also examined the resistance of genetic resources that have been used in barley and wheat breeding programs in Korea. This seedling test used paper bag with seeds can be completed within three weeks. 10-day seedlings were available to inoculation and 8 days was needed for result reading. This method can test at least 180 collections at one time. we can identify the two resistant types by leave symptoms showed non infection and necrotic spots. Among the 79 Korean barley cultivars, only two cultivar, ‘Sangrokbori’ and ‘Dajinbori’ were resistant and ‘Jejubori’ showed moderate resistant. There was no resistant in hulless barley and wheat cultivars. It was same results in comparison of earlier resistant reports in field test. We confirm that this method could using in test of powdery mildew resistance in barley and wheat. Among the 1,401 genetic resources using in Korean breeding program, malting barley has more resistant collections comparing to 796 hulled and hulless barley and 273 wheat germplasms. This study was conducted to develop a easy seedling method to test large amounts of barley and wheat cultivars for resistance of powdery mildew. In addition, we also examined the resistance of genetic resources that have been used in barley and wheat breeding programs in Korea. This seedling test used paper bag with seeds can be completed within three weeks. 10-day seedlings were available to inoculation and 8 days was needed for result reading. This method can test at least 180 collections at one time. we can identify the two resistant types by leave symptoms showed non infection and necrotic spots. Among the 79 Korean barley cultivars, only two cultivar, ‘Sangrokbori’ and ‘Dajinbori’ were resistant and ‘Jejubori’ showed moderate resistant. There was no resistant in hulless barley and wheat cultivars. It was same results in comparison of earlier resistant reports in field test. We confirm that this method could using in test of powdery mildew resistance in barley and wheat. Among the 1,401 genetic resources using in Korean breeding program, malting barley has more resistant collections comparing to 796 hulled and hulless barley and 273 wheat germplasms.

당 분해효소를 이용한 백하수오 뿌리로부터 분리한 Pregnane Glycosides의 생전환

윤미영,끄엉 마이뉴엔,최경자,최용호,장경수,차병진,김진철 한국식물병리학회 2012 식물병연구 Vol.18 No.3

Biotransformation is an eco-friendly and efficient method for enhancing the bioavailability of biopesticide. To increase the antifungal activity of the crude extract of Cynanchum wilfordii roots against barely powdery mildew, we performed biotransformation of wilfoside C1G using β-glucosidase (cellobiase from Aspergillus niger). The mixture (G sample) of partially purified wilfoside C1G and cynauricuoside A (K1G) was treated with β-glucosidase to remove a glucopyranosyl moiety. The enzyme completely converted C1G to C1N and K1G to K1N. Optimal conditions for enzymatic biotransformation of G sample were determined to be 10%ethanol, 1,555 μU β-glucosidase/ml, pH 5, and 45oC. In in vivo experiment, the G sample transformed by β-glucosidase showed stronger antifungal activity against barley powdery mildew than the non-treated G sample. These results suggest that β-glucosidase biotransformation can be applied to increase the antifungal activity of the crude extract of C. wilfordii roots against powdery mildews. 0

KNF-1002의 경엽 침투성과 부착량 증진에 의한 보리 흰가루병 방제 효과

유주현(Ju Hyun Yu),최경자(Gyung Ja Choi) 한국농약과학회 2010 농약과학회지 Vol.14 No.3

KNF-1002, a new fungicide candidate, is very effective for protecting crops against plant diseases, but its curative activity against barley powdery mildew is negligible due to its weak penetrability into plant leaf. To select the most efficient activator and, at the same time, spreader-sticker, foliar uptake and deposit of aqueous spray formulations containing non-ionic or anionic surfacrants and fatty acid alkyl esters as an adjuvant were assessed by using Congo Red method. In the absence of activator, only 0.1 % of the applied active ingredient was absorbed by barley leaves 24 h after spraying with an aqueous acetone containing KNF - 1002 100 ㎎/L. But, non-ionic surfactants (500 ㎎/L), such as heptaethylene glycol monooctadecenyl ether (OE-7), dodecaethylene glycol monohexadecyl ether (CE-12), so facilitated KNF-1002 uptake that the uptake was increased up to 48.5%. To wheat plant, the addition of surfactants in spray solution of KNF-1002 also increased the foliar uptake and deposition of active ingredient, but its efficiency varied according to the kind of fatty alcohol moiety of polyoxyethylene surfactant. KNF -1002 formulations containing nonaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (LE-9) as an activator and spreader-sticker showed remarkable increases of fungicidal activity against barley powdery mildew.

Verlamelin,an Antifungal Compound Produced by a Mycoparasite, Acremonium strictum

김진철,김형태,안종웅,조광윤,최경자,Hyun-JuKim 한국식물병리학회 2002 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.18 No.2

A strain of Acremonium strictum, the mycoparasite of Botrytis cinerea, showed strong antifungal activities both in vitro and in vivo against several phytopathogenic fungi. An antifungal substance was purified from the liquid cultures of A. strictum and identified as verlamelin by instrumental analyses. Verlamelin exhibited in vitro antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic fungi such as Magnaporthe grisea, Bipolaris maydis, and Botrytis cinerea, while it was not active against all the bacteria tested. In vivo, verlamelin exhibited strong protective and curative activities, particularly against barley powdery mildew. At 100 mg/ml, it inhibited the development of barley powdery mildew with control values of more than 90% in 7-day protective and 2-day curative applications. This is the first report on the production of verlamelin by Acremonium species.

Verlamelin, an Antifungal Compound Produced by a Mycoparasite, Acremonium strictum

Kim, Jin-Cheol,Park, Gyung-Ja,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Heung-Tae,Ahn, Jong-Woong,Cho, Kwang-Yun The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2002 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.18 No.2

A strain of Acremonium strictum, the mycoparasite of Botrytis cinerea, showed strong antifungal activities both in vitro and in vivo against several phytopathogenic fungi. An antifungal substance was purified from the liquid cultures of A. strictum and identified as verlamelin by instrumental analyses. Verlamelin exhibited in vitro antifungal activity against some phytopathogenic fungi such as Magnaporthe grisea, Bipolaris maydis, and Botrytis cinerea, while it was net active against all the bacteria tested. In viva, verlamelin exhibited strong protective and curative activities, particularly against barley powdery mildew. At 100 μg/ml, it inhibited the development of barley powdery mildew with control values of more than 90% in 7-day protective and 2-day curative applications. This is the first report on the production of verlamelin by Acremonium species.

신규의 triazoyl quinoline 화합물 KSI-4315와 KSI-4317의 보리 흰가루병과 밀 붉은녹병에 대한 방제효과

최경자(Gyung Ja Choi),연규환(Gyu Hwan Yon),김홍태(Heung Tae Kim),장경수(Kyoung Soo Jang),김진철(Jin-Cheol Kim),이선우(Seon-Woo Lee),박창식(Chwang Siek Pak),조광연(Kwang Yun Cho) 한국농약과학회 2003 농약과학회지 Vol.7 No.4

Disease control activities of 230 triazolyl quinoline derivatives were investigated against six plant diseases such as rice blast, rice sheath blight, tomato gray mold, tomato late blight, wheat leaf rust (WLR) and barley powdery mildew (BPM). New triazolyl quinolines, KSI-4315 and KSI-4317 exhibited a great in vivo control activities against WLR and BPM, and then were selected for further tests such as preventive, curative, systemic, and persistence against WLR and BPM. The KSI-4315 and KSI-4317 contained MeS moiety and MsO moiety in carbon 4-position, respectively. They possessed both preventive activity and curative activity against WLR and BPM. KSI-4317 showed the better control activity than KSI-4315 against BPM, while KSI-4315 represented the better antifungal activity against WLR. Good persistence of KSI-4315 and KSI-4317 were also observed against WLR and BPM. Persistence of KSI-4315 was similar to that of KSI-4317 on WLR, but KSI-4317 was superior to KSI-4315 on BPM in its persistence. Systemic disease control of KSI-4315 and KSI-4317 was investigated by examining translaminar activity from leaf-under-surface to leaf-upper-surface, systemic activities by leaf to leaf movement and the effect of drenching treatment. Systemicities of KSI-4315 and KSI-4317 were not observed in wheat, but KSI-4317 showed more predominant systemicity than KSI-4315 in barley. These results suggest that KSI-4317 would potentially control WLR and BPM in the fields.

당귀와 백지로부터 분리한 Coumarin계 물질들의 식물병원균에 대한 항균활성

유시용(Shi Yong Ryu),김진철(Jin-Cheol Kim),김영섭(Young Sup Kim),김흥태(Heung Tae Kim),김성기(Seong Kie Kim),최경자(Gyung Ja Choi),김정섭(Jeoung Seob Kim),이선우(Seon-Woo Lee),허정희(Junghee Heor),조광연(Kwang Yun Cho) 한국농약과학회 2001 농약과학회지 Vol.5 No.3

In order to search potent antifungal substances from domestic plants, 40 plants cultivated in Korea were collected. After extracting with methanol (MeOH) and concentrating to dryness, the MeOH extracts were screened for in vivo antifungal activity against six plant diseases at a concentration of 2000 ㎍/mL. Fourteen extracts showed disease-controlling activity more than 90% against at least one of the 6 plant diseases tested; eight, seven, and three extracts controlled more than 90% the development of rice blast, tomato late blight, and wheat leaf rust, respectively. However, none of the extracts exhibited in vivo antifungal activity more than 90% against rice sheath blight, tomato gray mold, and barley powdery mildew. From the MeOH extracts of Angelica gigas and A. dahurica showing potent controlling activity against rice blast, 1 and 2 antifungal substances, respectively, were isolated by solvent partitioning and column chromatography. The three compounds were identified to be coumarins, namely, decursin, imperatorin, and isoimperatorin, by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. They were examined for in vitro and in vivo antifungal activities together with umbelliferone (7-hydroxycournarin) and scopoletin (6-methoxy-7-hydroxycoumarin) containing a free hydroxyl group at position 7 to investigate the structure-activity relationship. In vitro, most of 50% growth inhibitory concentrations (IC??) were over 200 ㎍/mL, indicating that they have relatively weak antifungal activity. The antifungal activity of decursin and scopoletin, containing cyclic alkoxy groups instead of free hydroxyl group at position 7, was stronger than umbelliferone and scopoletin. Especially, decursin and imperatorin showed potent antifungal activities against Pythium ultimum and Magnaporthe grisea, respectively, with IC?? values less than 25 ㎍/mL. In vivo, decursin and imperatorin showed potent antifungal activity against rice blast, whereas other coumarins hardly controlled the development of 6 plant diseases tested. These results suggest that the antifungal activity of 7-hydroxycoumarin derivative is substantially increased when the hydroxyl group at position 7 is protected by a stable cyclic alkoxy grouping.

A New Covered Barley Cultivar Resistant to Powdery Mildew and BaYMV, "Sanglog"

Jung Gon Kim,Seong Bum Baek,Sae Jung Suh,Moon Seok Kang,Jong Ho Lee,Jung Hyun Nam,Gun Yong Park,Moon Woong Park,Yong Woong Ha,Moo Nam Chung 한국육종학회 2003 한국육종학회지 Vol.35 No.2

Sanglog', a new covered barley cultivar resistant to powdery mildew and barley yellow m osaic virus (BaYMV) was developed by the barley breeding team of the National Crop Experim ent Station (NCES), RDA in 1999. This variety was derived from a cross betwe

흰가루병과 도복에 강한 맥주보리 ‘백록’

박진천(Jin-Cheon Park),김양길(Yang-Kil Kim),박태일(Tae-Il Park),강천식(Chon-Sik Kang),김경호(Kyong-Ho Kim),박종철(Jong-Chul Park),윤영미(Young-Mi Yoon) 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회지 Vol.54 No.2

A new malting barley variety, ‘Baegrok’, was developed in 2016 at the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA: Rural development administration by crossing the high-yield ‘Milyang130’ variety with ‘Myoginijo’, which has lodging tolerance and resistance to barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV). ‘Baegrok’ is suitable for use in brewing, similar to ‘Hopum’, and has resistance to powdery mildew and tolerance to lodging. From 2014 to 2016, regional yield trials were conducted in four different regions, with ‘Baegrok’ as a breeding line of ‘Iksan176’. The heading dates of ‘Baegrok’ in paddy and upland fields were April 6 and April 11, respectively, 2 days earlier than those of ‘Hopum’. Maturing dates of ‘Baegrok’ in paddy and upland fields were May 16 and May 21, respectively, similar to those of ‘Hopum’. The yield potential of ‘Baegrok’ was approximately 14% and 6% higher than that of ‘Hopum’ in upland and paddy fields. ‘Baegrok’ had a shorter culm length than ‘Hopum’ showing tolerance to lodging. Screening for powdery mildew resistance in the greenhouse showed that ‘Baegrok’ had resistance to powdery mildew, unlike ‘Hopum’ which was susceptible. It also is suitable for use in brewing, similar to Hopum. ‘Baegrok’ showed good grain quality in terms of β-glucan content (3.4%), starch (61.0%), and husk rate (12.7%). Regarding malt quality, ‘Baegrok’ exhibited 75.1% acrospire length, 70.8% friability, 4.4% soluble protein, and 345.8 WK (Windisch-Kolbach) diastatic power, superior to the malt quality of ‘Hopum’. Thus, ‘Baegrok’ is resistant to powdery mildew, tolerant to lodging, and more suitable for brewing. (Registration No. 8399)

흰가루병과 도복에 강한 맥주보리 ‘백록’

박진천,김양길,박태일,강천식,박종철,윤영미 한국육종학회 2022 한국육종학회지 Vol.54 No.1

A new malting barley variety, ‘Baegrok’, was developed in 2016 at the National Institute of Crop Science, RDA: Rural development administration by crossing the high-yield ‘Milyang130’ variety with ‘Myoginijo’, which has lodging tolerance and resistance to barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV). ‘Baegrok’ is suitable for use in brewing, similar to ‘Hopum’, and has resistance to powdery mildew and tolerance to lodging. From 2014 to 2016, regional yield trials were conducted in four different regions, with ‘Baegrok’ as a breeding line of ‘Iksan176’. The heading dates of ‘Baegrok’ in paddy and upland fields were April 6 and April 11, respectively, 2 days earlier than those of ‘Hopum’. Maturing dates of ‘Baegrok’ in paddy and upland fields were May 16 and May 21, respectively, similar to those of ‘Hopum’. The yield potential of ‘Baegrok’ was approximately 14% and 6% higher than that of ‘Hopum’ in upland and paddy fields. ‘Baegrok’ had a shorter culm length than ‘Hopum’ showing tolerance to lodging. Screening for powdery mildew resistance in the greenhouse showed that ‘Baegrok’ had resistance to powdery mildew, unlike ‘Hopum’ which was susceptible. It also is suitable for use in brewing, similar to Hopum. ‘Baegrok’ showed good grain quality in terms of β-glucan content (3.4%), starch (61.0%), and husk rate (12.7%). Regarding malt quality, ‘Baegrok’ exhibited 75.1% acrospire length, 70.8% friability, 4.4% soluble protein, and 345.8 WK (Windisch-Kolbach) diastatic power, superior to the malt quality of ‘Hopum’. Thus, ‘Baegrok’ is resistant to powdery mildew, tolerant to lodging, and more suitable for brewing. (Registration No. 8399)