Optimization of the concentration of autologous serum for generation of leukemic dendritic cells from acute myeloid leukemic cells for clinical immunotherapy

Choi, Bo-Hwa,Kang, Hyun-Kyu,Park, Jung-Sun,Kim, Sang-Ki,Pham, Than-Nhan Nguyen,Zhu, Xiao-Wei,Cho, Duck,Nam, Jong-Hee,Chung, Ik-Joo,Kim, Young-Jin,Rhee, Joon-Haeng,Kim, Hyeoung-Joon,Lee, Je-Jung Wiley-Liss 2006 JOURNAL OF CLINICAL APHERESIS Vol.21 No.4

<P>Clinical application of immunotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) requires the efficient induction of dendritic cells (DCs) from AML blast cells using in vitro culture. We examined the effect of autologous serum on the properties of leukemic DCs derived from leukemic cells of AML patients by culture in AIM-V medium with GM-CSF, IL-4, TNF-α, and 0, 2, 5, or 10% human autologous serum. The expressions of CD80, CD83, CD86, and HLA-DR were upregulated under all culture conditions; however, 10% autologous serum induced the highest expression levels of several molecules. The capacity of leukemic DCs to stimulate allogeneic T cells increased with increasing serum concentration. Stimulation of autologous CD3+ T cells with leukemic DCs grown in the presence of various concentrations of autologous serum resulted in induction of more IFN-γ-secreting cells than was the case for unprimed CD3+ T cells. Leukemic DCs cultured with 10% autologous serum induced the highest numbers of IFN-γ-secreting cells and CD8+CD56+ T cells from autologous T cells. These results suggest that culture of AML blast cells in the presence of autologous serum could be used to generate leukemic DCs for immunotherapy against AML. The highest serum concentration appeared optimal for generating the most potent leukemic DCs. J. Clin. Apheresis. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>

기관배양에서 정상 피부의 조직학적 변화

백종현(Jeong Hyon Baek),이증훈(Yeul Hoon Sung),성열훈(Jeung Hoon Lee),박장규(Jang Kyu Park),박정규(Jeong Kyu Park) 대한피부과학회 1990 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.28 No.2

Since adult human skin can be grown in chernically defined medium without serum, the skin organ culture has gained a great interest as a method for studies concerning skin biology, pharmacology and toxicology. however, serum supplementation has extensively been used to improve the viahility of tissue culture. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of serum on the histologic changes ohserved during the organ culture of the normal human skin. The general architecture of the skin was well maintained for 6 days with or without seru. After then, fetal calf serum or autologous human serum was found to enhance the viability of the epidermis. A confluent layer of necrotic spinous ceils was ovserved earlier and more widespread without serum. The addition of serum had an impressive effect on epibolization. In the absenee of serum, the formation of the epibolus was not only minimal, but also, susceptible to degeneration, and no epibolus remained at 10 days rif incubation. No difference can be found between fetal calf serm and autologous human serum in the formation of the epibolus. There was no favorable effect of serum on the formation of new stratum corneum. The thickness of new straturn corneum increased in parallel with the number of parakeratatic cells, increasing most rapidly between 6 and 8 days of incubation. Parakeratosis was more prominent in the presence of serurn. (Kor J Dermatol 28(2): 130 135, 1990)

만성 자발성 두드러기 환자에서 자가혈청 피부반응검사에 따른 검사실 소견과 증상 조절을 위한 약제의 비교

이수경 ( Su Kyoung Lee ),조민호 ( Min Ho Cho ),김병연 ( Byeong Yeon Kim ),강윤성 ( Yun Sung Kang ),최승헌 ( Seung Heon Choi ),손성욱 ( Seong Wook Sohn ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2012 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.32 No.4

Background: The autologous serum skin test is reported to be positive in up to 60% of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria. However, the clinical role of autologous serum skin test is still poorly understood. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 166 chronic spontaneous urticaria patients whose symptoms lasted for more than 6 weeks and compared their laboratory findings and medication levels according to autologous serum skin test reactivity. Results: Autologous serum skin test was positive in 69 (41.6%) chronic spontaneous urticaria patients. There were no significant differences between autologous serum skin test-positive and autologous serum skin test-negative groups in laboratory findings, such as anti-microsome antibody, anti- thyroglobulin antibody, anti-nuclear antibody, total immunoglobulin E, complement 4 level levels, rheumatoid factor, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and D-dimer. Autologous serum skin test were not related to medication levels. Eight patients (11.6%) of autologous serum skin test-positive groups and 6 patients (6.2%) of autologous serum skin test-negative groups need level 4 medication (usage of cyclosporine, dapsone or anti-immunoglobulin E monoclonal antibody) to control urticaria without statistical significance. Conclusion: Autologous serum skin test was positive in more than 40% of chronic spontaneous urticaria patients. However, laboratory findings and medication levels were not affected by autologous serum skin test reactivity.

Usefulness of the Autologous Serum Test for the Diagnosis of Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria

( Oyku Marasoglu Celen ),( Zekayi Kutlubay ),( Ertugrul H. Aydemir ) 대한피부과학회 2014 Annals of Dermatology Vol.26 No.5

Background: The majority of chronic urticaria cases are chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) with no specific identifiable etiology. The role of autoantibodies in such cases remains controversial. Objective: This study determined the positivity rate of autologous serum tests in CIU patients. Methods: This study was performed on 30 patients with CIU and 30 individuals without any systemic or dermatologic disease. After the volar parts of right and left forearms were cleansed, 0.05 ml serum physiologic and 0.05 ml autologous serum were injected intradermally on the right forearm 5 cm apart from each other, resulting in the formation of small papules; meanwhile, 0.05 ml histamine alone was injected to the left forearm. The test results were evaluated after 30 minutes as positive in positive cases. Results: The autologous serum test produced significant and non-significant results in patients with CIU and controls, respectively. The positivity rates of the autologous serum test in the CIU and control groups were 53.3% and 26.6%, respectively. There was no relationship between autologous serum test positivity and sex in either group. In male patients with CIU, positive results ranged widely with age, while in female patients, positive results were mainly observed at younger ages with a narrow age range. Conclusion: The autologous serum test is a useful test in the diagnosis and treatment of CIU as well as the selection of immunotherapy, especially in patients refractory to classic therapy. (Ann Dermatol 26(5) 592∼597, 2014)

자가혈청이 배양연골세포의 부착과 증식에 미치는 효과

정재호 ( Jae Ho Jeong ) 영남대학교 기초/임상의학연구소 2007 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.24 No.2S

Background:Culture method for expanding chondrocytes ex vivo is an important procedure in cartilage tissue engineering. In most laboratories related to tissue engineering, fetal bovine serum is widely used as supplement. However, the chondrocytes grown in a medium containing fetal bovine serum may cause infectious viral diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease and/or unfavorable immune reaction to bovine proteins. As a way out of these problems, we examined whether a patient`s autologous serum could support the growth and attachment of his/her chondrocytes.1) Materials and Methods:Chondrocytes were isolated from microtia patients (age between 5 to 12) by enzymatic digestion and cultured in a medium supplemented with 10% autologous serum, 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 10% banked allogenic serum respectively. Proliferation and attachment rate were assessed by Trypan blue staining and MTT assay. Attachment rate was checked at 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 hours after plating of cells and counting was done with hemocytometer after trypan blue exclusion. Proliferation rate was checked at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 days after plating of cells and measurement was done with cell counting and MTT assay. Results:As a result, chondrocytes which were cultured in the medium supplemented with 10% autologous serum, represented higher rate of both proliferation and attachment, which is comparable to the chondrocytes in the culture supplemented with 10% FBS. But, chondrocytes in the culture supplemented with 10% banked allogenic serum showed lower rate of proliferation and attachment. Conclusion:The beneficial effect of autologous serum which has been confirmed in this study is another important progress for clinical application of tissue engineering. The possibility of banked allogenic serum is still remained. In this study, we used banked allogenic serum which containing anti-coagulants and this component may have affected on the result. Fresh allogenic serum should be utilized for next step of experiment.

The Relation of Autologous Serum Skin Test and Autologous Plasma Skin Test Result with Various Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

( Gyeong-hun Park ),( Jeong-hee Choi ),( Sunmi Kim ),( Youin Bae ) 대한피부과학회 2020 Annals of Dermatology Vol.32 No.4

Background: Despite the autologous serum skin test (ASST) and autologous plasma skin test (APST) is widely used test accessing whether a patient with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) has autoreactivity or not, the clinician often encounter difficulty making correlation between the test result and clinical implications. Objective: This study was aimed to find any clinical and laboratory findings related to the ASST and APST response. Agreement and correlation between the two tests was also analyzed. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 300 CSU patients who underwent ASST, APST. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the skin test result. Also, the degree of serum and plasma response was recorded. Results: Both ASST and APST positive group had shorter duration of the disease, higher incidence of at least one episode of angioedema than negative group. There were no significant differences in the positivity for autoantibodies including antinuclear, ds-DNA, and thyroid-related between the two groups. The predicted positive rate of ASST and APST according to age showed bimodal peak and decreasing pattern according to disease duration. Predicted positivity of both tests declined with increase in total immunoglobuline E (IgE) level. In the correlation study, the two tests showed high correlation coefficients. Conclusion: ASST and APST positivity may be related to disease duration and severity of CSU. The two tests showed a generally consistent result. Autoreactivity may be gradually lost as disease continues. We suggest the autoreactivity in CSU could arise independently from IgE mediated immune process. (Ann Dermatol 32(4) 280∼288, 2020)

Autologous cell-free serum preparations in the management of knee osteoarthritis: what is the current clinical evidence?

Angadi Darshan S.,Macdonald Hamish,Atwal Navraj 대한슬관절학회 2020 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.32 No.-

Background: There is paucity in the current literature regarding clinical outcomes of autologous cell-free serum preparations. The objective of this paper is to collate the clinical evidence and review the results of intraarticular injections of autologous cell-free serum preparations in the management of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: A comprehensive English literature search was undertaken using the healthcare database website (https://hdas.nice.org.uk/). The PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, Embase and the Cochrane library databases were searched to identify all studies of autologous protein solution/autologous conditioned serum (ACS/APS) in the management of knee OA. We evaluated the reported clinical outcomes with respect to pain, function, morbidity, adverse effects and complications. Results: Fifteen relevant articles were identified in the current literature. Outcomes following injection of ACS/APS have been reported in patients with age range (34–87 years) and unilateral or bilateral knee OA. Seven studies reported improvement in visual analog scale (VAS) whereas the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis instrument (WOMAC) score improved in nine studies. Considerable variation was noted in the injection technique and duration of post-procedure assessment with only one study reporting long-term follow-up beyond 24 months. Joint swelling and injection-site pain were reported to be the most common complications; only one study reported a case of septic arthritis. However, no evidence is available to clearly identify factors that may predict the outcomes following this procedure. Conclusion: Current data from the clinical studies would suggest that the intraarticular administration of autologous cell-free serum preparations, such as ACS/APS, in patients with knee OA may improve pain and function, with limited morbidity. High-quality clinical trials with stratified patient cohorts, longer follow-up duration and robust reporting of outcome measures are essential to improve the understanding of the indications and clinical effectiveness of these novel products.

P006 : Autologous serum skin test in chronic idiopathic urticaria: relationship with thyroid autoimmunity and disease severity

( Hyun Chang Ko ),( Min Young Yang ),( Gun Wook Kim ),( Hyun Ho Cho ),( Won Jeong Kim ),( Je Ho Mun ),( Margaret Song ),( Hoon Soo Kim ),( Byung Soo Kim ),( Moon Bum Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2014 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.66 No.2

Background: Autologous serum skin test (ASST) has since been regarded as a reliable in vivo test in predicting autoimmunity in chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU). An autoimmune factors may be the common features of both CIU and thyroid autoimmunity, but their clinical implication has not been well elucidated. Objectives: To find the positivity of ASST and thyroid autoantibodies in CIU patients and to assess the relationship between autoimmunity and urticarial severity. Methods: One hundred one CIU patients were performed ASST to identify autoreactivity. Further, serum antibodies to thyroglobulin (TG) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO), and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) were measured. Clinical severity of CIU was estimated by maximum medication level (1∼4) requiring remission of wheal and itching sensation. Results: Fifty four (53.5%) patients showed positivity in ASST and 17 (16.8%) patients had anti-TG antibody and/or anti-TPO antibody. 18.5% (10/54) had one or more thyroid autoantibodies in ASST positive group and 14.9% (7/47) had those in negative group, but no correlation was found. There was no significant difference in the clinical severity estimated by used maximum medication level in subgroups based on the presence or absence of ASST and thyroid autoantibodies. Conclusion: Almost half of CIU patient had positive ASST in this study, but ASST did not show correlation with thyroid autoimmunity or clinical severity.

Effects of autologous sera on immediate and late skin reaction to the house dust mite in atopic individuals

Nahm, Dong Ho,Park, Jung-Won,Hong, Chein-So Yonsei University, College of Medicine 1995 Yonsei medical journal Vol.36 No.2

아토피피부염 환자에서 자가혈청 피부반응검사 결과에 따른 임상 및 검사소견 분석: 혈청 총 면역글로불린E, 다중 알레르기항원 검사, 임상적 중증도 및 유병기간과의 연관성

김동하 ( Dong Ha Kim ),구대원 ( Dae Won Koo ),이중선 ( Joong Sun Lee ),정경은 ( Kyung Eun Jung ) 대한피부과학회 2016 대한피부과학회지 Vol.54 No.8

Background: The autologous serum skin test (ASST) is a simple test for detecting functional circulating autoantibodies. In addition, immunoglobulin E (IgE) autoreactivity seems to play a role in the pathogenesis and disease course of atopic dermatitis (AD). Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether the ASST results were positive in AD patients and to find the relationship between ASST and total serum IgE levels, disease severity, disease duration, and multiple allergen simultaneous test (MAST) results in AD. Methods: Fifty-two patients with AD who underwent ASST were included in this study. We analyzed total serum IgE concentrations, severity, duration of disease, and allergen frequencies between the ASST positive and -negative groups. Disease severity was evaluated using the Rajka and Langeland eczema severity score. Results: ASST results were positive in 34.0% (17/52) of patients, and the positivity rates of ASST in IgE-mediated AD patients was 39.0% (16/41), which was significantly higher than in non-IgE-mediated AD patients. Additionally, IgE-mediated AD patients with positive ASST results showed greater disease severity, longer disease duration, and a greater number of allergens than ASST-negative patients (p<0.05). Conclusion: This is the first study to evaluate the results of ASST in patients with AD. According to our results, ASST would be a useful test in AD and could be related to autoimmunity, severity, and disease course of AD, especially in IgE-mediated AD. Further studies with more patients are needed to confirm these findings. (Korean J Dermatol 2016;54(8):601∼607)