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Park, Gan Young,Hong, Yong Jun,Lee, Hyun Woo,Sim, Jae Yoon,Lee, Jae Koo WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 Plasma Processes and Polymers Vol.7 No.3
<P>Atmospheric pressure plasmas have attracted great interests and been widely used in biomedical applications such as sterilization, coagulation, wound healing, and cancer cells treatment. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in atmospheric pressure plasmas have been believed to play a crucial role in these biomedical applications. The experimental measurement of the atomic oxygen density showed that the highest density was measured at an admixture of 0.5% of O<SUB>2</SUB>. The similar trend of the atomic oxygen density varying the concentration of O<SUB>2</SUB> was reproduced through a global model of He/O<SUB>2</SUB> in atmospheric pressure plasmas. The evolution of the dominant production and loss reactions for the atomic oxygen was analyzed. With increase in the concentration of O<SUB>2</SUB>, the atomic oxygen was produced mainly by the dissociation of O<SUB>2</SUB> and lost through the recombinations with themselves and oxygen molecules.</P><P> <img src='wiley_img_2010/16128850-2010-7-3-4-PPAP200900084-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/16128850-2010-7-3-4-PPAP200900084-gra001'> </P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Atmospheric pressure plasmas have been widely used in biomedical applications such as sterilization, coagulation, wound healing, and inducing apoptosis of cancer cells due to their great reactivity, a low temperature property, and no needs for the expensive and complex vacuum system. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in atmospheric pressure plasmas have been believed to play a crucial role in these biomedical applications. Similar trend to an experimental measurement of the atomic oxygen density was observed through the global model while varying the concentration of O<SUB>2</SUB>. The evolution of the dominant production and loss reactions for the atomic oxygen was analyzed. <img src='wiley_img_2010/16128850-2010-7-3-4-PPAP200900084-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/16128850-2010-7-3-4-PPAP200900084-content'> </P>
Srabanti Ballav,Prabir K. Patra,Manish Naja,Sandipan Mukherjee,Toshinobu Machida 한국대기환경학회 2024 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.18 No.1
High-resolution regional model simulation of CO2 may be more beneficial to reduce the uncertainty in estimation of CO2 source and sink via inverse modeling. However, the study of atmospheric CO2 transport with regional models is rare over India. Here, weather research and forecasting chemistry model adjusted for CO2 (WRF-CO2) is used for simulating vertical profile of CO2 and its assessment is performed over Delhi, India (27.4–28.6° N and 77–96° E) by comparing aircraft observations (CONTRAIL) and a global model (ACTM) data. During August and September, the positive vertical gradient (~ 13.4 ppm) within ~ 2.5 km height is observed due to strong CO2 uptake by newly growing vegetation. A similar pattern (~ 4 ppm) is noticed in February due to photosynthesis by newly growing winter crops. The WRF-CO2 does not show such steep increasing slope (capture up to 5%) during August and September but same for February is estimated ~ 1.7 ppm. Generally, CO2 is quite well mixed between ~ 2.5 and ~ 8 km height above ground which is well simulated by the WRF-CO2 model. During stubble burning period of 2010, the highest gradient within 2.5 km height above ground was recorded in October (− 9.3 ppm), followed by November (− 7.6 ppm). The WRF-CO2 and ACTM models partially capture these gradients (October − 3.3 and − 2.7 ppm and November − 3.8 and − 4.3 ppm respectively). A study of the seasonal variability of CO2 indicates seasonal amplitudes decrease with increasing height (amplitude is ~ 21 ppm at the near ground and ~ 6 ppm at 6–8 km altitude bin). Correlation coefficients (CC) between the WRF-CO2 model and observation are noted to be greater than 0.59 for all the altitude bins. In contrast to simulated fossil CO2, the biospheric CO2 is in phase with observed seasonality, having about 80% at the lowest level and gradually declines with height due to mixing processes, reaching around 60% at the highest level. The model simulation reveals that meteorology plays a significant role of the horizontal and vertical gradient of CO2 over the region.
조일성,지준범,이규태 한국기상학회 2014 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.50 No.5
Gangneung-Wonju National University (GWNU) onelayer solar radiation model is developed in order to resolve the lack of the vertical structure of atmospheric components and fast calculation with high horizontal spatial resolution. GWNU model is based on IQBAL and NREL methods and corrected by precise multilayer Line-By-Line (LBL) model. Further, the amount of solar radiation reaching the surface by using 42 types of vertical atmospheric data as input data was compared with detailed models and one-layer models. One-layer solar radiation models were corrected depending on sensitivity of each input data (i.e., total precipitable water, ozone, mixed gas, and solar zenith angle). Global solar radiation was calculated by corrected GWNU solar model with satellites (MODIS, OMI and MTSAT-2), KLAPS model prediction data in Korea peninsula in 2010, and the results were compared to surface solar radiation observed by 22 KMA solar radiation sites. Calculated solar radiation annually accumulated showed highest solar radiation distribution in Andong, Daegu, and Jinju regions, meanwhile the observation data showed lower solar radiation in Daegu region compared to model result values.
기후-대기화학모델이 모의한 엘니뇨가 대류권 오존에 미치는 영향
문병권,예상욱,박록진,송창근,윤대옥 한국지구과학회 2013 한국지구과학회지 Vol.34 No.7
We examine the effects of El Niño on tropospheric ozone through the simulation of a Climate-Chemistry model for a 40-year period (1971-2010). The Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis reveals that the tropospheric ozone concentration in the central-eastern Pacific decreases when the El Niño occurs, which is consistent with the observation. However, the increase of ozone over Indian Ocean-Indonesia regions is weak in the simulation compared to the observations. We analyze details of the 2006 El Niño event to understand the mechanism that caused the change of ozone due to El Niño. It is found that enhanced convection as well as higher water vapor followed by shortened lifetime has led to lower the tropospheric ozone. Downward motion induced by the changes of atmospheric circulation due to sea surface temperature forcing, together with the decrease of water vapor, has brought ozone produced in the upper troposphere over the Indian Ocean 기후-전구대기화학모델을 이용하여 엘니뇨가 대류권 오존에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 40년간(1971-2010) 대류권 오존을 EOF 분석한 결과에서 열대 중앙-동태평양에서 오존의 감소가 관측과 유사하게 잘 모의되었다. 그러나 인도양-인도네시아 부근의 오존 증가는 관측에 비해 약하게 모의되었다. 엘니뇨에 의한 오존변동 과정을 이해하기 위하여 2006년 엘니뇨의 경우를 좀 더 자세히 분석하였다. 엘니뇨의 발생 시 중앙-동태평양의 오존 감소는 활발해진 상승운동과 그에 따른 수증기량 증가로 오존의 체류시간이 짧아졌음에 기인하였다. 해수면 온도 강제력으로 유도된 하강기류 편차와 수증기 감소로 인도양 대류권 상층 오존이 증가하였다.
신설은,강전호,전형욱,이시혜,성광재,조경미,조영순,김정은,권인혁,임수정,강지순 한국기상학회 2018 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.54 No.-
An ensemble data assimilation system using the 4-dimensional Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter is implemented to a global non-hydrostatic Numerical Weather Prediction model on the cubed-sphere. The ensemble data assimilation system is coupled to the Korea Institute of Atmospheric Prediction Systems Package for Observation Processing, for real observation data from diverse resources, including satellites. For computational efficiency in a parallel computing environment, we employ some advanced software engineering techniques in the handling of a large number of files. The ensemble data assimilation system is tested in a semi-operational mode, and its performance is verified using the Integrated Forecast System analysis from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. It is found that the system can be stabilized effectively by additive inflation to account for sampling errors, especially when radiance satellite data are additionally used.