선택의 자유와 권리의 상실: 체육특기자 동일계 지원 제도의 문제

이학준 한국스포츠인류학회 2007 스포츠인류학연구 Vol.0 No.2

This study focused on the freedom of department choice and right of learning between these system and student-athlete that contribute good life for student-athlete in the future. In this study, I criticize the unlawfulness admission examination for a sport talent at present. The groundless of critic logic have six reasons. first, A student-athlete have not right to choice freely departments at University. Second, It is losing right that a student-athlete learn freely for himself. Third, There are a problems that physical education departments have no choice but admit a student-athlete no studying talent. Forth, University give student-athlete to diploma without completion of a school course. Fifth, A student-athlete have not participate in class for graduation. Sixth, University have not control speciality class for student-athlete. In conclusion, We should solve the problems step by step by harmonizing choice and right, University and student-athlete for respect human and good life. This study was to criticizes the unlawfulness admission examination for a sport talent from the perspectives of human respect. This study focused on the freedom of department choice and right of learning between these system and student-athlete that contribute good life for student-athlete in the future. In this study, I criticize the unlawfulness admission examination for a sport talent at present. The groundless of critic logic have six reasons. first, A student-athlete have not right to choice freely departments at University. Second, It is losing right that a student-athlete learn freely for himself. Third, There are a problems that physical education departments have no choice but admit a student-athlete no studying talent. Forth, University give student-athlete to diploma without completion of a school course. Fifth, A student-athlete have not participate in class for graduation. Sixth, University have not control speciality class for student-athlete. In conclusion, We should solve the problems step by step by harmonizing choice and right, University and student-athlete for respect human and good life. This study was to criticizes the unlawfulness admission examination for a sport talent from the perspectives of human respect.

A Comparison of Kinaesthetic Sense in Athlete and Non-Athletic University Students

( Amin Gholami ),( Malihe Naimikia ) 한국체육학회 2015 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the athlete and non - athlete students` kinesthetic capacities. In this study two sub senses of kinaesthesia including force reproduction ability and Joint reposition sense of elbow compared between athlete and non-athletic university students Methods:145 male and female athletic students that participated at Iranian Sport Universiade, 2014 (from volleyball, basketball, taekwondo, wrestling and archery) and 137 male and female non - athlete students between 20 and 23 years old were selected as samples of this study. Most common protocol used in active joint repositioning methods includes repositioning of elbow into a reference position. Measurements start with positioning the measured elbow in a specific position. The subject was asked to try to remember the position of the joint. Then the elbow was passively returned into the starting position. After familiarizing the subject with the reference position, he was asked to move the limb into the most appropriate place to match the reference position. The difference between the two represents the measure of active joint position sense. In the accuracy of hand force reproduction test the subject was asked to produce a special force submaximal hand grip (i.e. 40% of their maximal force) and then reproduce 40% of maximal force without using visual or verbal feedback. The difference between the two represents the measure of the accuracy of hand force reproduction. A t-test for independent samples was utilized to analyze the mean error scores of the two groups. Result and conclusion: The results indicated a significant difference between athlete and non-athlete students in both sub senses of kinaesthesia (P≤0.05). Statistical analysis indicated that that NCAA Division I student-athletes possess superior visual skills when compared to non-athletes students.We found higher accuracy scores for two sub senses of kinaesthesia for athlete students compared with non-athletic university students.

초등학교 운동부 학생과 일반 학생간의 태아기 성호르몬 노출의 추정 징후 비교

박미림,이동규 대한운동학회 2014 아시아 운동학 학술지 Vol.16 No.3

[PURPOSE] The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of 2D:4D(second digit to fourth digit ratio) as the subsidiary measure for expecting physical fitness when it comes to the recruiting student athletes. [METHOD] In order to achieve the goal of this study, the researcher visited 5 schools to measure 2D:4D of students. Sixty non-athletic students and 32 athletic club students were participated in this study. They were in 3rd and 4th grade from B, K, I, N and S elementary school located in Seoul D district. Software-based measurement was used to conduct this study which was strongly suggested to the highest precision estimates by Kemper & Schwerdtfeger(2009). Therefore electronic images of hands were used for analysis. Measurement were made with Adobe Photoshop with pixel accuracy. The t test was used to compare of putative marker of prenatal androgen exposure between athletic club and non-athletic students in the elementary school. [RESULT] There were significant differences between 2D:4D of athletic club students and 2D:4D of non-athletic students. First, 2D:4D of athletic club students showed the lower value than 2D:4D of non-athletic students(p<.01). Second, 2D:4D of baseball club students showed the lower value than 2D:4D of non-athletic students(p<.05). Third, 2D:4D of soccer club students showed the lower value than 2D:4D of non-athletic students(p<.05). [CONCLUSION] Based on the results of this study, 2D:4D can be considered when the schools recruit athletes. However, physical fitness is not decided by only innate factors. Thus this paper suggest that Blind faith in 2D:4D should be avoided. [목적] 본 연구는 초등학생 운동부 학생과 일반 학생간의 태아기 성호르몬 노출의 추정 지표인 ‘손가락 길이 비율(2D:4D)’을 비교하여, 학생선수 선발 시 학생의 선천적인 체력적 소질을 파악하는 보조수단으로써 2D:4D의 효용성을 검증하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. [방법] 서울시 D 교육지원청 B초등학교 3-4학년 남학생 60명과 같은 교육지원청의 3-4학년 야구부와 축구부 남학생 전체(5개교, 32명) 총 92명을 표집하였다. 학부모 및 학생 본인의 동의서를 모두 작성하여 제출한 연구 참여자들에 한하여 연구를 실시하였으며, 둘째 손가락이나 넷째손가락에 손상을 입은 경험이 있는 학생은 연구 대상에서 제외하였다. 본 연구의 손가락 길이 측정은 측정 시간은 많이 걸리나 가장 정확한 방법(Kemper & Schwerdtfeger, 2009)으로 알려져 있는 포토샵 프로그램을 활용한 간접 측정 방법을 사용하였다. 먼저, 연구 참여자의 손바닥을 스캐닝하여 양손의 이미지를 획득한 후, 획득한 이미지를 Adobe Photoshop 프로그램의 measure tool을 이용하여 0.01cm 단위까지 측정하였으며, 양손 평균값을 구하였다. 운동부 참여 여부에 따른 2D:4D값의 차이를 밝히기 위하여 독립표본 t-검증을 실시하였다. [결과] 초등학교 3-4학년 운동부 학생의 2D:4D 평균값은 일반 학생의 2D:4D 평균값에 비해 유의하게 낮았다(p<.01). 야구부 학생과 일반 학생, 축구부 학생과 일반 학생간의 비교는 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p<.05). [결론] 학교운동부에 대한 진로 선택을 앞둔 학생의 2D:4D값 측정은 학생의 선천적인 체력적 소질을 파악하는 참고자료가 될 수 있으며, 야구부보다는 축구부에서 보다 신뢰할 수 있는 결과를 보일 것이라 예상된다. 그러나 2D:4D는 학생의 선천적인 체력적 소질을 파악하는 보조 자료로만 활용해야 할 것이며, 학생의 후천적인 노력을 배제하고 2D:4D값을 맹신하는 일은 없어야 할 것이다.

The effects on high school students` physical activity on satisfaction with school life

( Min Ji Noh ),( Yeon Kim ),( Yoon Suk Cha ),( Oi Sun Shin ),( Young Jae Kim ) 한국체육학회 2016 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

Purpose: Physical activity and satisfaction of school life at an adolescent period are important both for student athletes and ordinary students. Also gap of the amount of the physical activities between them is clear. This study has the objective in looking at difference of satisfaction at school life among general high school students and student athletes according to the amount of physical activities. Method: This study selects sport high schools and general high schools at Seoul and Incheon area as population for analyzing school life satisfaction according to appropriate amount of physical activities at adolescent period. The method of sampling is simple random sampling of probability sampling and by using this method, this study collected 400 general students and 350 student athletes: total 750 students. The study constitutes a survey focused on social background, physical activities and the factors for school life satisfaction. And the method for survey is self-administration method. The study conducted descriptive analysis and exploratory factor analysis for 594 surveys (excluding unreliable data with insincere answers, double answers and without response) for validity and reliability. For the last, the research was analyzed by MNOVA and SPSS23.Over Program. Result: First, the average amount of physical activities of high school students is 8,712METs based on GPAQ and it is quite high amount since it includes student athletes. Second, there is a statically clear gap of daily physical activities among general students and student athletes as a result of physical activity analysis based on student type. Also male students show higher average at leisure, work and total amount of physical activities than female students. Third, the amount of physical activities according to sports type shows high amount at Taekwondo, Swimming, Judo order and Shooting, Archery show the lowest. Fourth, there is no clear difference of school satisfaction according to gender and physical activities, and also student types and physical activities. However, student athletes and general students show higher satisfaction when they do physical activities. Conclusion: The amount of physical activities of object high school students for this study shows seven times higher than recommended amount of WHO for adolescent and two times higher for average amount. WHO recommend 75 minutes of extensive workout including daily workout and movement: walking, cycling and sports activities, to adolescent. However, general students do not satisfy this with lack of amount of physical activities and student athletes are practicing extreme level of workout. It is natural for student athletes but extreme and continuous physical activities can result negative effect for the adolescent. Keer (1988) and Jeong (2006) said that extreme training at adolescent period results critical and various injuries that student athletes may not maintain life as athletes. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce unnecessary physical activities and to establish effective workout method. On the other hand, for the general students, they tend to have lower amount of physical activities by the study-focused atmosphere and it is problematic. Kim (2013) said that it is important to make a joy and value for getting together by school physical education for students to participate actively. The efforts for increasing the physical activities at school are required. According to the gender, male students show higher amount of physical activities than female students. It corresponds to a result of the research that analyzed amount of physical activities according to the area by Kim (2007) and the research that analyzed male and female adolescents by Lim (2014). Male students have high interest in physical and workout capability development at growing period, while female students tend to avoid physical activities and show passive attitude toward physical activities Kim (2012). Also the education to utilize leisure time as meaningful workout time and instruction of teachers to encourage the interest for various sports is necessary for students.

한국과 호주의 양궁 학생선수 육성과정에 대한 사례연구

오교문,임용석 한국체육교육학회 2018 한국체육교육학회지 Vol.22 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to analyze the fostering process of archer student athletes in Korea and Australia. Methods: The research was conducted over three years in Korea and Australia. The researcher conducted the interviews from national archer candidate who are student athletes. Moreover, the researcher interviewed coaches and managers. For the observation, the researcher observed the student athletics’ training and living space; dormitory, rest and study room, training ground. All the interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, the data were analyzed by using the inductive method and themes were modified by classification analysis. Results: The results were categorized as following themes: (1) selection and procedure of archer student athletes were 'performance' and 'potential', (2) training environment were 'result' and 'process', (3) training plan and implement were 'top down’ and ‘bottom up’, (4) academic achievement run parallel with athletic performance were classified as student 'athlete' and 'student' athlete. These results were interpreted the different perspectives of promotion process of archer student athletes between Korea and Australia. Conclusion: This study suggests that first, in long-term perspective, the promotion process of student athletes should be invested not only for athletic performance but also for student athletes’ academic achievement. Second, the education supporting program which runs by Australia(ACE), which supports the student athletes’ by connecting the educational programs from nation, region, associations and schools, were needed. Finally, the promotion process should provide the environments and resources to supports student athletes to balance the academic and athletic performance. 이 연구의 목적은 한국 양궁국가대표 상비군과 호주 AIS 양궁프로그램 소속 학생선수 육성사례의 비교를 통해대한민국 학생선수 육성·지원에 대한 가능성 탐색을 위한 연구다. 자료의 수집은 한국의 양궁국가대표상비군과 호주 AIS의 양궁프로그램 소속 학생선수의 학업 공간, 훈련장, 기숙사, 휴게장소, 수업공간을 관찰했고, 학생선수, 지도자, 운동부 매니저를 면담했다. 수집된 자료는 영역분석과 분류분석의 절차를 거쳤다. 분석결과를통해 양국의 학생선수 육성과정은 ‘경기력과 잠재력’을 고려한 선발 기준과 절차, ‘결과와 과정’ 중심의 훈련환경제공, ‘top down과 bottom up'방식의 훈련 계획과 실행, 그리고 ‘선수와 학생선수’의 관점에서 학업병행과정 등을 범주화 할 수 있었다. 선수선발 기준과 절차는 ‘경기력’과 ‘잠재력’으로, 둘째, 훈련환경은 ‘결과’중심과‘과정’중심으로, 셋째, 훈련 계획과 실행은 ‘top down’과 ‘bottom up’으로, 넷째, 학업병행은 학생‘선수’와 ‘학생’선수로 나타났다. 이러한 차이는 선수의 경기력 중심으로 운영되는 한국의 양궁국가대표 시스템과 선수와학생의 두 가지 측면을 고려해 운영, 지원을 실시하는 호주 AIS의 양궁프로그램의 운영관점의 차이로 해석된다. 장기적 관점에서 학생선수를 육성·지원하기 위해서는 운동측면과 더불어 학업측면에도 투자해야한다. 둘째, 호주의 ACE와 같은 국가, 지역, 협회, 학교가 연계하는 학생선수 학업지원 프로그램의 도입이 필요하다. 셋째, 학생선수의 정상적인 운동과 학업병행을 위해서는 이를 위한 환경과 지원이 제공되어야 한다.

학업과 운동을 병행하는 운동부 문화와 사회적 함의

이혁기,임수원 한국스포츠사회학회 2010 한국스포츠사회학회지 Vol.23 No.4

This study investigated student-athlete's academic and athletic experiences with the case of a Y university basketball team under a college-athletics normalization project. Also, this study re-illuminated what took places to the student-athlete group after the academic obligation was more embossed than ever. The result of the study was as followed. First, making the student-athletes studying changed the athletics culture, and the culture was branched into socio-structural and socio-cultural aspects. The socio-structural changes were related to change in athletic practice, academic tutoring and others. These manifest changes indicates system revision. The socio-cultural changes were practice atmosphere change, mutual understanding, break from dichotomize space-time, finding peers I(extension of social network), and finding peers II(Cooley's looking glass self). That seems latent changes were occurred through the system revision. Second, the student-athletes who keep pace with study represented recovery of the right to learn for student-athletes, normalization of higher education,normalization of the college athletics, and changing generalized others. The recovery of the right to learn indicates the active and challenging image of the student-athletes who took care of their primary roles as students. The normalization of higher education evinces fostering well-rounded student-athletes through higher education. The normalization of the college athletics represents escaping from the state amateurism in the past. The changing generalized others means proposing a new student-athlete model who keeps pace with study. 이 연구는 ‘대학스포츠 정상화 프로젝트’라는 이름아래 학업과 운동을 병행하는 Y대학교 농구부 사례를 통해 학업 병행으로 인해 변화된 학생선수 문화와 함의를 재조명하였다. 이를 위해 질적연구의 지적전통 중 하나인 사례연구를 시도하였다. 연구문제에 따른 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학업 병행으로 인해 변화된 학생선수 문화는 크게 사회구조적 변화와 사회문화적 변화로 도출되었다. 사회구조적 변화는 훈련시스템의 변화, 학업도우미 제도, 맞춤형 체육특기자 교내 회칙 등으로 이해된다. 사회문화적 변화는 훈련분위기의 변화, 쌍방향적 이해관계, 이분법적 시․공간의 탈피, 또래친구 재발견Ⅰ(사회연결망 확장), 또래친구 재발견Ⅱ(Cooley의 거울자아) 등으로 이해된다. 둘째, 공부하는 학생선수의 함의로 학생선수 학습권 회복, 대학교육 정상화, 학원엘리트스포츠 내실화, 일반화된 타자상의 변화 등이 도출되었다.

태권도 학생선수의 그릿과 운동성과의 관계에서 운동지속의 매개효과

박나영,유인창,조아미 한국청소년학회 2021 청소년학연구 Vol.28 No.1

This study aimed to investigate the influence of grit on athlete performance for Taekwondo student-athletes and to confirm the mediating effect of exercise adherence between grit and athlete performance. The subjects of investigation are 304 student-athletes who have been registered as full-time athletes at the Korea Taekwondo Association(236 male students and 68 female students). The number of middle school students athletes are 134 and high school students athletes are 170. The result of data analysis is as follows. First, the grit of Taekwondo student-athletes has a positive correlation with exercise adherence. Second, grit and athlete performance have a positive correlation. Third, exercise adherence showed a partial mediating effect in the relationship between grit and athlete performance. Such results show that the grit has a positive effect on athlete performance mediating exercise adherence. This means that student-athletes should consider the athletes adherence to further improve their athletic performance with grit. In addition to conventional training methods, leaders can use grit-based training as a new method of coaching. 본 연구의 목적은 태권도 학생선수들을 대상으로 그릿과 운동성과의 관계에서 운동지속의 매개변인의 역할을 검증하는 것이다. 조사 대상은 대한태권도협회에 정식 선수로 등록된 학생선수 304명(남학생 236명, 여학생 68명)이었다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 그릿은 운동지속과 운동성과와 정적 상관관계가 있었다. 둘째, 그릿은 운동지속과 운동성과에 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 운동지속은 그릿과 운동성과의 관계를 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 학생선수의 그릿이 운동성과에 직접적으로 뿐만 아니라 운동지속을 매개로 하여 운동성과에 간접적으로도 영향을 미친다는 것을 의미한다. 이것은 학생선수들이 그릿을 향상함으로써 운동성과를 높일 수 있고, 지속적으로 운동을 함으로써도 운동성과를 이룰 가능성이 있다는 것이다. 이러한 연구 결과는 운동 지도자들이 자신의 경험적 지도 방식과 더불어 새로운 지도 방식으로 그릿과 운동지속을 이용하여 운동성과를 낼 수 있다는 시사점을 도출한 점에서 의의가 있다.

Comparing Moral Reasoning between Korean and American University General Students

함정혜 한국체육학회 2014 International journal of human movement science Vol.8 No.1

The purposes of this study were to describe differences of general characteristics by gender, grade, and academic discipline of Korean university general students’ moral reasoning. Also, this study was to compare current Korean university general students’ moral reasoning score with past scores of whom to evaluate change and to compare the Korean university general students’ moral reasoning with scores for an American population. The samples used were 317 randomly selected university and college general students in Korea. All analyses were done with SPSS 17. First, in this study, university general male students had higher score than females. Second, senior students had the highest score, junior, sophomore, and freshman students in order. By grades, junior and senior students had higher scores and differed from freshman and sophomore students. Third, art & sport science majors had the highest score. When compare past and present Korean data, general female students had lower score than male in present. Most American researcher reported that females had higher score than males, and general students had higher score than student athletes. Also, moral reasoning of university student athletes have gradually decreased by grade. But Korean general student’s scores have gradually increased by grade and higher score than student athletes even though scores have decreased than past.

학생선수 사회화 과정에서 나타난 정책 공백

이해령 한국체육정책학회 2022 한국체육정책학회지 Vol.20 No.3

The purpose of this study is to explore how student-athletes socialize in the athlete path and how the socialization process interacts with sports and physical education policies. For this purpose, an open-ended questionnaire was conducted with 55 university student athletes who studied and exercised on the athlete path for more than 10 years. In addition, six student-athletes were interviewed. As a result, parental interaction is of the most importance at the entry point of the athlete's path. Their parents were the subjects for which the student athlete sought permission to participate in the school athletic clubs, and at the same time were the ones who encouraged the student athlete to exercise. There were no special institutions in this socialization process. After enrolling in the athletics club, student-athletes were socialized as athletes ‘by structured daily life as institutions’, and they internalized 'effort' and 'responsibility'. Finally, upon graduating from university, they were about to be re-socialized into a professional society. At this socialization section, the policy was empty and the individual was responsible for all socialization results. It was revealed that the institutions and policies structure their daily life and socialization of student athletes, and that individual choices and responsibilities were highlighted in the section where the system disappeared. Therefore, it is suggested to enter the athlete path and to prepare individualized policies.

운동중도탈락 체육특기자들의 학교 학습경험에 대한 이해

송용관(Yong Gwan Song),엄혁주(Hyok Ju Eom),신미진(Mi Jin Shin) 한국스포츠교육학회 2010 한국스포츠교육학회지 Vol.17 No.1

학습할 권리와 교육에 참여할 권리는 체육특기자들에게도 존중되어야 할 기본권이다. 본 연구의 목적은 대학체육특기자가 재학시절 어떠한 학습경험을 하고 있는지를 탐색하여 현상학적으로 분석하는 데에 있다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 질적 연구 설계를 하였으며, 체육특기자로 입학하여 운동중도탈락 한 학생 7명에 대한 인터뷰 내용을 분석 자료로 삼았다. 그 결과, 체육특기자들은 학습의 필요성을 느끼지 못하고 있었으며, 또한 선수의 학습권 보호에 대한 사회적 방치가 일어나고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 연구대상자들은 또한, 학습에서의 소외 현상은 물론 학습참여에 대한 심리적 제한과 학업성취에 대한 벽을 느끼고 있었으며, 새로운 시작에 대한 기대와 어려움을 경험하고 있는 것으로 드러났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 학습권 보호의 관점에서 체육특기자들의 권리 침해 현상에 대해 논의하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 체육특기자들의 학습권을 개선·정비하는 데 있어서 체육특기자들의 입장을 이해하고, 학습권을 적극적으로 보호하기 위해 요구되는 대안들을 고려할 수 있는 자료로서 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. The right to learn and the right to be educated is fundamental law to respect for athlete students. The purpose of this study was to explore the learning experiences during the period of attendance at school. In order to attain this purpose, 7 male drop-out students interview data was analyzed by phenomenological approaches in qualitative research. The result of this study were as follows. The athlete students does net feel the necessity to learning and found that protection on right to learn were social neglect. There are athlete students experiences that a sense of alienation on learning and feeling run into against a brick wall for study participation. Also, athlete students does feel to psychological pressure. On the other hand, athlete students have experience that expectations for fresh start. Based on these results, we discussed about a violation of athletic students` the right to learn. These findings can contribute to enhance and improve right to learn for education field, especially physical education curriculum by addressing athlete students` experiences and recognitions form his perspective.