부모의 양육스트레스가 유아의 정서조절능력에 미치는 영향: 자녀의 부정적 정서표현에 대한 부모 반응의 매개효과를 중심으로

이지영(Ji Young Lee),이강이(Kangyi Lee) 한국아동학회 2021 아동학회지 Vol.42 No.1

Objectives: This study’s aim was to examine the paths from fathers’ and mothers’ parenting stress to preschoolers’ emotion regulation through parents’ responses to children’s negative emotions. Methods: Questionnaires were used to assess preschoolers’ emotion regulation, parenting stress, and parental responses to children’s negative emotions. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 25.0. Statistical methods adopted for data analysis were descriptive statistics, t-tests, Pearson’s correlation, and path analysis. Results: The major findings of this study are as follows: First, there was no significant difference in emotion regulation based on children’s gender. Meanwhile, considering the differences in parenting stress between fathers and mothers, the former experienced higher levels of parenting stress than the latter, especially with regard to children’s characteristics. Second, preschooler’s emotion regulation showed a negative correlation with parenting stress but a positive correlation with the parental response to their negative emotions. On the contrary, while preschoolers’ emotion regulation displayed a negative correlation with mothers’ non-supportive responses, there was no significant correlation with fathers’ non-supportive responses. Third, when controlling for preschoolers’ temperament, parental education, and income, father’s parenting stress had a negative effect on their supportive responses to children’s negative emotions, while it had a positive effect on non-supportive responses. Meanwhile, fathers’ supportive responses to children’s negative emotions had a significant effect but their non-supportive responses had no direct significant effect on preschoolers’ emotion regulation. Fourth, mothers’ parenting stress had a significant negative effect on their supportive responses to children’s negative emotions, while it had a positive effect on non-supportive responses. In addition, mothers’ support for children’s negative emotions had a significant positive effect on children’s emotion regulation, while their non-supportive responses had a negative effect. Conclusion: In separate analyses for fathers and mothers, parenting stress revealed the path to affect emotion regulation by using parent’s responses to children’s negative emotions. Thus, There is a need for a different approaches to the management of fathers’ and mothers’ stress. Parenting stress and the parental responses to children’s negative emotions is important for the development of emotion regulation in preschoolers.

현대사진에 있어서 부정감정의 표현과 관람자의 수용 유형에 관한 연구

홍찬석,박성민,임아영 한국기초조형학회 2013 기초조형학연구 Vol.14 No.2

본 연구는 예술작품을 통해 유발된 부정감정을 추출하고 이를 분류하여 예술작품에 나타난 부정감정의 가치를 고찰하고, 관람자가 이를 어떻게 수용하는지 살펴 본 것이다. 예술에서 부정감정은 중요한 표현영역을 구축하고 있지만, 심도 있는 연구가 이루어지지 않았다. 따라서 선행연구 고찰을 통해 예술작품의 표현에 나타난 부정감정 표현을 15개 추출하고, 이를 4가지 유형으로 분류하여 어떤 유형의 부정감정이 관람자에게 수용되는지 살펴보았다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 부정감정은 크게 4가지 유형으로 분류될 수 있는데, 이 중 A형(‘혼란스럽다’, ‘우울하다’, ‘고통스럽다’, ‘불편하다’), B형(‘외롭다’, ‘초조함이 생긴다’, ‘좌절감을 느낀다’, ‘의구심이 생긴다’), D형(‘슬프다’, ‘놀랍다’, ‘공포스럽다’) 등은 관람자에게 수용되지만, C형(‘역겹다’, ‘짜증난다’, ‘회의감이 든다’, ‘걱정스럽다’)는 수용되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 수용되는 부정감정도 수용자의 가치 중 ‘심미성’과 ‘독특성’에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 심미성에 정(+)의 영향을 주는 부정감정은 B형(‘외롭다’, ‘초조함이 생긴다’, ‘좌절감을 느낀다’)와 D형(‘의구심이 생긴다’, ‘슬프다’, ‘놀랍다’, ‘공포스럽다’)이며, 부(-)의 영향을 주는 부정감정은 C형(‘역겹다’, ‘짜증난다’, ‘회의감이 든다’, ‘걱정스럽다’) 이다. 독특성 형성에 정(+)의 영향을 주는 부정감정은 A형(‘혼란스럽다’, ‘우울하다’, ‘고통스럽다’, ‘불편하다’)으로 탐색되었다. Generally, one pursuits positive emotions but avoids negative emotions. So most of studies of emotion have been paid attention to positive emotions. However, in the art, negative emotion is very significant. Some artists evoke negative emotions through their own works of art, it has been highly acclaimed. Especially, photograph evokes negative emotional response more than positive emotional response. Despite of negative emotional response, spectators can accept it like artistic value. But all negative emotions are not being recognised as an important artistic expression. So this study is aimed at investigating in what way spectators feel and accept negative emotion. For this aim, we classify negative emotions and explore the relationship between spectator's acceptance and type of negative emotion focused on the photography. The results of empirical are as follows. it was possible to roughly classify the types of negative emotions into A, B, C and D. The type of negative emotions ‘A’ embraces such sentiment as being confused, depressed, painful, and uncomfortable, while ‘B’ feels lonely, nervous, frustrated, and doubt. 'C' feels disgusting, annoyed, skeptical and anxious, ‘D’ conveys sense of be sad, shocking and feared. The type of negative emotions ‘A’ has affects uniqueness. The type of negative emotions ‘B’ and 'D' affect esthetics, but the type of negative emotions ‘C’ affects esthetics negatively(-).

대학생의 긍정·부정정서, 정서 중심적 대처방식과 정서적 섭식행동의 관계

이상희(Lee, Sang-Hee) 한국식공간학회 2020 식공간연구 Vol.15 No.1

본 연구는 수도권 대학생을 대상으로 하여 긍정, 부정 정서와 정서적 섭식행동의 관계에서 정서 중심 적 대처방식의 매개효과가 나타나는지를 검증하였다. 이를 위해 대학생 438명(남학생 247 명, 여학생 191 명)을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문지는 긍정· 부정 정서, 정서적 대처 방식과 정서적 섭 식행동으로 구성되었으며, 연구의 데이터는 SPSS 23.0과 Process macro를 사용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구 참가자는 지각하는 긍정 정서와 부정 정서의 강도 조합에 따라 4개의 정서 유형 집단으로 분류되었다. 둘째, 4개의 정서 유형 집단에 따라 정서적 섭식행동과 정 서 중심적 대처방식에서 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 정서적 대처 방식과 정서적 섭식행 동 모두에서 부정 정서가 높은 집단이 높은 점수를 보이고 있었다. 셋째, 긍정 정서와 긍정 정서적 섭식 행동의 관계에서 정서 중심적 대처방식의 매개효과가 확인되었다. 또한 부정정서와 부정 정서적 섭식 행동의 관계에서도 정서 중심적 대처방식의 매개효과가 확인되었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 긍정 정서 와 부정 정서가 동일한 영향력을 갖는 것이 아니라 정서의 종류나 특성에 따라 섭식에 미치는 영향력이 다르게 나타날 수 있음을 확인하였다. 미래의 연구에서는 다양한 정서를 선택하여 이들이 섭식에 미치 는 영향력과 특성들에 대해 발전된 조사가 이루어져야 할 것이다. The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of emotion-focused coping style on the relationship between positive·negative emotion and emotional eating behavior. A total of 438 university students(male 247, female 191) were asked to complete the questionnaires. The survey included positive·negative emotion, emotion-focused coping style, and emotional eating behavior. The data were analyzed by SPSS 23.0 and Process macro. The results are as follows. First, university students were divided into four emotional types by positive·negative emotions. Second, there were significant differences in emotional eating behavior and emotion-focused coping style by emotional types. High negative emotion types had higher scores in emotion-focused coping style and emotional eating behavior. Third, emotion-focused coping style had some mediating effects on the relationship between positive emotion and positive emotional-eating behavior, and also emotion-focused coping style had some mediating effects on the relationship between negative emotion and negative emotional-eating behavior. Finally, we concluded positive emotion and negative emotion had different effects on eating behavior, so more advanced research using various emotions will be needed in the future.

자전거활동 참가자의 스포츠 애호도, 운동정서 및 심리적 웰빙의 구조적관계

남정훈 ( Jung Hoon Nam ) 한국스포츠심리학회 2010 한국스포츠심리학회지 Vol.21 No.4

The purpose of this study was to verify the relationship among sport loyalty, exercise emotion and psychological well-being of the participants in cycle activities. To accomplish the purpose of the study, the exercise emotion was classified into positive attitude & negative attitude, and then, the relationship among sport loyalty positive emotion, negative emotion, and psychological well-being was investigated by the analysis on the difference of positive emotion, negative emotion and psychological well-being, depending on the bias of sport loyalty, and by the relationship analysis employing structural model. The main findings are as follows: According to the bias of sport loyalty, there were differences among positive emotion, negative emotion and psychological well-being. The sport loyalty had positive effect on positive emotion and psychological well-being, but it had negative effect on negative emotion. The positive emotion had positive effect on psychological well-being, while the negative emotion did not have an effect on psychological well-being. The positive emotion had negative effect on negative emotion.

어머니의 정서조절곤란, 유아의 부정적 정서성, 부모공동양육과 유아의 정서조절 능력 간의 관계에서 어머니 정서사회화의 매개효과: 양육과정모형을 중심으로

송해민,송주현 한국아동학회 2025 아동학회지 Vol.46 No.2

Objectives: This study examined how mothers’ emotional dysregulation, children’s negative emotionality, and coparenting affected mothers’ emotion socialization using Belsky’s determinants of parenting model. Furthermore, the mediating role of mothers’ emotion socialization in the relationships between mothers, children, and family characteristics, and children’s emotion regulation were verified. Methods: Participants were 170 mothers of children aged 4-5 years. Mothers completed questionnaires measuring their own emotional dysregulation, children’s negative emotionality, coparenting, their reactions to children’s negative emotions, and children’s emotion regulation. Descriptive and correlational analyses were conducted using SPSS 28.0. Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping for mediating paths were performed using Mplus 8.8. Results: Mothers’ emotional dysregulation, children’s negative emotionality and coparenting significantly predicted mothers’ supportive reactions. Unsupportive reactions were predicted by mothers’ emotional dysregulation and coparenting, but not by children’s negative emotionality. Children’s emotion regulation was positively related to mothers’ supportive reactions and coparenting, and negatively related to children’s negative emotionality and unsupportive reactions. Mothers’ emotional dysregulation was not directly significant. Supportive reactions significantly mediated the effects of mothers’ emotional dysregulation, children’s negative emotionality, and coparenting on children’s emotion regulation. Mother’s unsupportive reactions mediated pathways from mothers’ emotional dysregulation and coparenting only. Conclusions: The study findings identified factors influencing mothers’ emotion socialization using Belsky’s determinants of parenting model, specifically the distinct roles of supportive and unsupportive reactions. These findings underscore that interventions to improve children’s emotion regulation should target mothers’ emotion socialization and consider relevant mother, child, and family characteristics.

기프트카드와 현금 지불에 따른 쾌락재 및 실용재에 대한 구매의도차이 분석: 긍정적,부정적 구매 감정의 매개효과를 중심으로

장은영 ( Eunyoung Jang ),최자영 ( Jayoung Choi ) 한국소비자학회 2015 소비자학연구 Vol.26 No.5

This study shows how gift card and cash gift can affect the purchase intention of hedonic and utilitarian products through both of positive and negative purchase emotion. Mental accounting theory suggests that consumers tend to categorize and label their budgets into different psychological accounts depending on how the budget was acquired and the category to which it is assigned(Thaler 1980). Based on prior research, we think that gift card and cash gift will not be allocated into same account, and consumers tend to perceive two payment types as different monetary value. Compared to cash, gift cards are easier to justify to use and has a stronger association with gift and bonus meaning(Helion & Gilovich 2014; White 2006). Therefore, we hypothesize that gift card will be more likely to be spent on hedonic products than cash, but there is no difference between payment types on utilitarian products because unlike hedonic product, utilitarian product requires less justification by payment. Furthermore, we also predict that purchasing emotion will be different depending on the type of payment(gift card vs. cash) and product(hedonic vs. utilitarian). This is because the purchase of hedonic products tends to entail both of higher negative emotion such as guilty and higher positive emotion such as exciting than utilitarian, but gift card which is weakly associated with pain of payment can attenuate the negative feeling in hedonic product. Thus, we propose that in purchasing hedonic product condition, gift card use will lead to higher positive and lower negative purchasing emotion than cash, thereby such purchasing emotion mediates the effect of interaction of payment type and purchase type on purchase intention. We conducted an experiment with 183 women consumers(aged 20~40). The study employed a 2(payment: gift card vs. cash) x 2(product: hedonic vs. utilitarian) between-subject design. For testing hypothesis, ANOVA analysis was conducted where dependent variables were product purchase intention and negative/positive purchase emotion. The statistical results reveal that in the hedonic product purchase condition, consumers with gift card showed a higher purchase intention than those with cash, but in the utilitarian product purchase condition, there was no significant difference in purchase intention between gift card and cash. In addition, when people purchase the hedonic product with gift card, they reported higher positive purchase emotion(joy and contented) and lower negative purchase emotion(guilty and discontented) than those with cash. In contrast, when purchasing the utilitarian product, there was no significant difference in positive and negative purchase emotion between payment types. Finally, in order to verify the moderated mediation effect of emotion, PROCESS Model analysis(Hayes 2012) was conducted. As a result, we found out that the interaction effect of product type and payment type on purchase intention was mediated by positive and negative purchase emotion. Specifically, when purchasing hedonic products, cash decreased purchase intention through the mediation effect of lower positive and higher negative purchase intention. And gift card increased purchase intention of hedonic products through the mediation effect of higher positive purchase emotion. These result indicates that gift card and cash formats differently influence the consumer’s purchasing intention for hedonic and utilitarian products. From this results, our study practically suggests that companies will reap benefit from the gift card strategy since it can increase the sales of hedonic product by allowing consumers to feel higher positive emotion and reduced negative emotion.

대구시 종합병원의 진료외적 서비스 요인들이 고객만족에 미치는 영향

이영수,이성헌,김채복 한국고객만족경영학회 2008 고객만족경영연구 Vol.10 No.2

This study investigates the relationship among medical external services, negative emotion and customer satisfaction in hospitals. The results of this study can be summarized as followings. First, low perception of Physical environment makes customer satisfaction decrease, leads to negative emotion. Second, low perception of procedural service has no impact on the customer satisfaction, but leads to negative emotion. Namely low perception of procedural service makes customer satisfaction through negative emotion. Third, high perception of supporting service makes customer satisfaction, but doesn't leads to negative emotion. Forth, influence on customer satisfaction is perceived supporting > perceived physical environment > negative emotion. Fifth, visiting frequency makes a difference between the groups. Namely, physical environment satisfaction, negative emotion and customer satisfaction are differentiated by visiting frequency. Also, negative emotion was differentiated by visiting hours. 본 연구는 대구시 종합병원의 진료외적 서비스 요인들에 대한 외래환자들의 지각이 고객만족에 미치는 영향을 다루고 있다. 결과를 요약하면 첫째, 물리적 환경에 대한 낮은 인지는 고객만족을 감소시킴과 동시에 부정적 감정을 유발하여 고객만족을 감소시키고 있었다. 둘째, 이용절차 편의성에 대한 낮은 인지는 인지 자체로는 고객만족에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 대신 부정적 감정을 유발하여 고객만족을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 진료지원 서비스에 대한 높은 인지는 고객만족을 증대시켰다. 반면 높은 인지를 보임에 따라 부정적 감정은 유발하지 않는 것으로 나타났으나, 부정적 감정을 완화시키지도 못했다. 넷째, 고객만족에 미치는 영향력의 크기는 진료지원 서비스에 대한 인지>물리적 환경에 대한 인지>부정적 감정의 순으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 부정적 감정은 방문시간에 따라 달라지는 것을 알 수 있었는데, 이는 방문시간대에 따른 혼잡도 차이 때문인 것으로 여겨진다.

대학생의 부정적 정서, 가족탄력성 및 자존감이 자살생각에 미치는 경로모형 분석

김민경 한국아동가족복지학회 2012 한국가족복지학 Vol.17 No.1

The purposes of this study were to find the correlation between negative emotions, family resilience, self-esteem and suicide ideation, and to explore the mediating role of family resilience and self-esteem between negative emotions and suicide ideation in university students. The subjects were 295 university students. The data were analyzed with frequency, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and structural equation modeling by SPSS and AMOS. The instruments used were Reynold(1988)'s Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire, Yu(2004)'s Family Health Scales, Rosenberg(1965)'s Self-Esteem Scale, and Bradburn(1965)'s Negative Emotion of Happiness. The major findings were as follows: university students' sex were significantly different with negative emotions and self-esteem and their family economic status were significantly different with family resilience and self-esteem. Negative emotion was negatively correlated with family resilience and self-esteem and positively correlated with suicide ideation. Family resilience and self-esteem were negatively correlated with suicide ideation. Family resilience and self-esteem mediated the effects of negative emotion and suicide ideation, and self-esteem mediated the effects of family resilience and suicide ideation. Negative emotion influenced family resilience and self-esteem negatively but suicide ideation positively. Family resilience and self-esteem influenced suicide ideation negatively. In conclusion, it is important to intervene in university students' suicide ideation through special education program and counseling in order to build family resilience and self-esteem. 본 연구는 대학생의 부정적 정서, 가족탄력성, 자존감과 자살생각과의 관계에서 자살생각에 미치는 변인들의 영향력과 경로를 분석하고자 하였다. 연구대상은 서울과 경기지역에 있는 대학생 295명을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 이용하였다. 사용된 척도는 Bradburn(1969)의 부정적 정서, 유영주(2004)의 가족건강성 척도 중 가족탄력성, Rosenberg(1965)의 자존감 척도와 Reynold(1988)의 자살생각척도이다. 자료분석은 기술통계, ANOVA, 상관관계와 구조모형방정식을 통한 경로분석을 이용하였다. 본 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성별에 따라 여자대학생이 남자대학생보다 부정적 정서가 높게 나타났으며 남자대학생의 자존감은 여자대학생보다 높게 나타났다. 경제수준이 높은 집단일 때 가족탄력성과 자존감이 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 변인들의 상관관계를 보면 대학생 전체집단에서 부정적 정서와 자살생각과의 관계는 유의한 정적 상관관계를 보였으며 부정적 정서는 가족탄력성과 자존감과 유의한 부적 관계를 나타내었고, 가족탄력성과 자존감은 자살생각과 유의한 부적관계를 보였다. 셋째, 경로분석 결과 부정적 정서가 자살생각에 직접적 정적 영향을 주고 있어 부정적 정서가 높을수록 자살생각을 많이 하는 것으로 나타났으며 가족탄력성과 자존감이 낮을수록 자살생각은 높게 나타났다. 부정적 정서는 자살생각에 직접적인 영향을 미치지만 가족탄력성과 자존감을 통해 자살생각에 간접적으로 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 자살생각에는 가족탄력성도 자살생각에 직접적 영향을 주고 있으나 자존감을 통해 간접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통해 대학생의 자살생각을 예방하기 위해서는 부정적 정서를 감소시키고 가족탄력성과 자존감을 향상시킬 수 있는 방안들이 요구된다.

아동의 부정적 감정 완화를 위한 기능성 게임 디자인 요소 연구

박영표(Young Pyo Park),오규환(Gyu Hwan Oh) 한국컴퓨터게임학회 2013 한국컴퓨터게임학회논문지 Vol.26 No.4

People have been experiencing lot of incidents for their lives which results in gaining their impetus. Each impetus derives an emotion and such emotion is either of positive or negative one. The positive emotion motivates activation of his life but the negative emotion demotivates one. Specifically, the negative motivation will be much worse for children and it could be adversely affected to their emotional development. The paper first characterizes how to regulate an emotion in a view of psychology base and also characterizes how to regulate the emotion for children. And then, we analyze serious game contents which have been developed to care a negative emotion for children and youth to derive some game elements to be used in the games. Finally, by combining the two characterizations of regulation of emotion in psychology view and the serious games, we propose effective game elements for caring children’s negative emotion. We expect that the results will provide a good guideline when we make a serious game to care children’s negative emotion.

신체활동에 따른 부정적 정서의 뇌 과학적 이해와 홀리스틱 힐링

조한무 한국홀리스틱융합교육학회 2015 홀리스틱융합교육연구 Vol.19 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 신체활동 중에서 팀 게임이라는 특수한 환경에서 아동에게 발생하는 부정적 정서를 뇌 과학적으로 이해하고 이에 대한 치료방법을 발견하는 데 있다. 이를 위하여 첫째, 정서유발의 원인과 신체활동에서 부정적 정서는 무엇인가? 둘째, 부정적 정서와 관련된 뇌 과학적 기제는 무엇인가? 셋째, 신체활동 중 발생한 부정적 정서의 홀리스틱 치료 방법은 무엇인가?라는 연구문제를 설정하고 문헌을 통하여 기초연구로 이루어졌다. 정서유발은 편도와 대뇌와의 상호작용으로 결정된다는 뇌 과학적 접근이 확인되었고 팀 게임에서 발견된 부정적 정서는 ‘불안정서’, ‘수치정서’, ‘분노정서’ 등으로 요약되었다. 부정적 정서의 뇌 과학적 기제는 대뇌피질과 편도체의 부조화이며, 부정적 정서를 조절하는 뇌 과학적 기제는 변연계, 전전두엽을 잇는 안와전두엽의 연결 시스템의 조화이다. 신체 활동 수업에서 나타난 ‘불안정서’는 편도 기능에 장애로 수업의 효과를 저해하며 ‘수치정서’는 전측도의 이상인데, 입맛을 잃고 기피현상, 소외, 우울증 등의 부적응 반응을 보인다. 분노정서는 안와전두엽의 조절기능이 부조화로 생긴 현상으로서 공격성, 사회성, 자기조절력 등이 현상으로 인간관계를 어렵게 만든다. 이들에 대한 홀리스틱 치료로서 불안정서의 경우 팀을 구성할 때 개인차를 고려한 집단으로 구성하고 TGT 협동학습을 통해서 치료할 수 있음이 밝혀졌다. 수치정서를 위한 치료는 몰입을 경험하게 하기 위하여 팀 구성을 수준별로 재구성할 것을 제안하였다. 분노정서를 위한 치료는 책임감 수업모형을 도입하여 동료에 대한 배려심을 높이고 수업에 연계시켜 정서지능을 높이는 방법을 제안하였다.. The purpose of the study was to understand children's negative emotion from the brain science perspective, who participate in physical activity, particularly in team-game setting, and to discover holistic-based healing method. In the study, the following questions were investigated; first, what are causal factors of a negative emotion of physical activity. Second, what are brain scientific matters of emotion. Third, what are holistic healing methods on the negative emotions occurred in physical activity. As results, it was confirmed that emotion induction was decided by interactions between tonsil and cerebrum, and negative emotion occurred during team game were categorized as anxious emotion, shame emotion, and anger emotion. Brain science matter of negative emotion is a harmony of connection system of orbitofrontal lobe that connects limbic system and prefrontal. Anxious emotion occurring in physical activity is a hindrance of tonsil function and it hinders educational effect. Shame emotion is a kind of disorder that includes losing appetite, social phobia, class escape, and depression. Anger emotion is caused when control function of orbitofrontal lobe is less active and it includes lack of aggression, sociality, and self-control. It also negatively affects human relations. As holistic healing methods, anxious emotion can be reduced by making up teams considering individual's differences and through 2 TGT cooperative learning. Shame emotion can be healed by re-forming teams based on the individual level to help children to experience more flow experiences. Healing method for anger emotion is to introduce responsibility class model to increase thoughtful attitude. And it can be connected to the classes to improve emotional intelligence of children.