The coat protein of Alternanthera mosaic virus is the elicitor of a temperature-sensitive systemic necrosis in Nicotiana benthamiana, and interacts with a host boron transporter protein

Lim, H.S.,Nam, J.,Seo, E.Y.,Nam, M.,Vaira, A.M.,Bae, H.,Jang, C.Y.,Lee, C.H.,Kim, H.G.,Roh, M.,Hammond, J. Academic Press 2014 Virology Vol.452 No.-

Different isolates of Alternanthera mosaic virus (AltMV; Potexvirus), including four infectious clones derived from AltMV-SP, induce distinct systemic symptoms in Nicotiana benthamiana. Virus accumulation was enhanced at 15<SUP>o</SUP>C compared to 25<SUP>o</SUP>C; severe clone AltMV 3-7 induced systemic necrosis (SN) and plant death at 15<SUP>o</SUP>C. No interaction with potexvirus resistance gene Rx was detected, although SN was ablated by silencing of SGT1, as for other cases of potexvirus-induced necrosis. Substitution of AltMV 3-7 coat protein (CP<SUB>SP</SUB>) with that from AltMV-Po (CP<SUB>Po</SUB>) eliminated SN at 15<SUP>o</SUP>C, and ameliorated symptoms in Alternanthera dentata and soybean. Substitution of only two residues from CP<SUB>Po</SUB> [either MN(13,14)ID or LA(76,77)IS] efficiently ablated SN in N. benthamiana. CP<SUB>SP</SUB> but not CP<SUB>Po</SUB> interacted with Arabidopsis boron transporter protein AtBOR1 by yeast two-hybrid assay; N. benthamiana homolog NbBOR1 interacted more strongly with CP<SUB>SP</SUB> than CP<SUB>Po</SUB> in bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and may affect recognition of CP as an elicitor of SN.

Construction of nervous necrosis virus (NNV) genome-based DNA replicon vectors for the delivery of foreign antigens

양정인,김기홍 한국어병학회 2024 한국어병학회지 Vol.37 No.1

The advantages of replicon vectors of RNA viruses include a high ability to stimulate innate im-munity and exponential amplification of target mRNA leading to high expression of foreign antigens. The present study aimed to construct a DNA-layered nervous necrosis virus (NNV) replicon vector system in which the capsid protein gene was replaced with a foreign antigen gene and to compare the efficiency of foreign antigen expression between the conventional DNA vaccine vector and the present replicon vector. We presented the first report of a nodavirus DNA replicon-based foreign antigen expression system. Instead of a two-vector system, we devised a one-vector system containing both an NNV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase cassette and a foreign antigen-expressing cassette. This single-vector approach circumvents the issue of low foreign protein expression associated with the low co-transfection efficiency of a two-vector system. Cells transfected with a vector harboring hammerhead ribozyme-fused RNA1 and RNA2 (with the capsid gene ORF replaced with VHSV glyco-protein ORF) exhibited significantly higher transcription of the VHSV glycoprotein gene compared to cells transfected with either a vector without hammerhead ribozyme or a conventional DNA vaccine vector expressing the VHSV glycoprotein. Furthermore, the transcription level of the VHSV glyco-protein in cells transfected with a vector harboring hammerhead ribozyme-fused RNA1 and RNA2 showed a significant increase over time. These results suggest that NNV genome-based DNA replicon vectors have the potential to induce stronger and longer expression of target antigens compared to conventional DNA vaccine vectors.

전신성 홍반성 루푸스 환자에서 무혈성 골괴사

양형인 ( Hyung In Yang ),최범순 ( Bum Soon Choi ),박성환 ( Sung Hwan Park ),이상헌 ( Sang Heon Lee ),조철수 ( Chul Soo Cho ),김호연 ( Ho Youn Kim ) 대한류마티스학회 1996 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of avascular necrosis (AVN) of bone in SLE patients. and to examine the contributing factors of AVN. Methods: 230 patients of 322 SLE patients fulfilling the 1982 ARA criteria of SLE were analysed for the steroid treatment and clinical manifestations. Their mean age was 33 years old. AVN was diagnosed by evidence of AVN in plain X-ray, bone scan and/or MRI. Retrospective analysis for medication history and clinical manifestations were performed. Results: The rpevalence of AVN was 9.3% (30 patients of 322). All of the AVN patients were female and their mean age was 28 years old. Most common site of AVN was femoral head (54.3%). other sites were distal femur (22%) and proximal tibia (15%), proximal humerus (7%) and tarsal bone (2%). in order. 25 patients had multiple bony involvements. AVN was significantly associated with cutaneous vasculitis, CNS involvement and lupus nephritis. Recent (6 months before arthralgia) daily steroid dose of AVN(+) patients was higher than AVN(-) patients (15.2 mg vs 7.6mg p<0.05). Total mean daily steriod dose was not significantly different (20.3mg/d vs 12.3 mg/d) between AVN(+) and AVN(-). Conclusion: AVN is an important cause of musculoskeletal damage and disability in SLE. SLE patients with higher steroid treatment and major organ involvement need to be carefully evaluated for avascular necrosis.

종양괴사인자-α가 배양된 인간 황체화과립막세포의 에스트라디올, 프로게스테론, 인슐린유사성장인자-II, 인슐린유사성장인자 결합단백질-1, 2, 3의 분비에 미치는 영향

채희동(Hee Dong Chae),강은희(Eun Hee Kang),박은주(Eun Ju Park),김성훈(Sung Hoon Kim),홍석호(Seok Ho Hong),김정훈(Chung Hoon Kim),강병문(Byung Moon Kang),장윤석(Yoon Seok Chang),김정구(Jung Gu Kim),이진용(Jing Yong Lee) 대한산부인과학회 2001 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.44 No.4

Objectives : To investigate the influence of TNF-α on the secretion of estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II, insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-1, 2, and 3 in cultured human luteinized granulosa cells. Materials and Methods : Human luteinized granulosa cells were obtained from the follicular fluid by transvaginal oocyte aspiration from infertile patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) for in vitro fertilization (IVF). The cells were grouped into the control, 1.0, 10.0, and 100.0 ng/ml of TNF-α group according to the concentrations of TNF-α. The cells were cultured for 72 hours with the different concentrations of TNF-α as descibed above. The cells not treated with TNF-α served as control. The concentrations of E2, P4, IGF-I, IGFBP-1, 2, and 3 were determined in conditioned culture media by immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) or radioimmunoassay (RIA). Results : The cell number in 100.0 ng/ml of TNF-α group was significantly higher than those in other groups, although the cell viabilities were similar in all groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the concentrations of E2 in all groups. However, the concentrations of P4 were seemed to be decreased as the concentrations of TNF-α were increased and the concentration of P4 in 100.0 ng/ml of TNF-α group was significantly lower than those in the control and other TNF-α groups. The concentrations of IGF-II, IGFBP-1, 2, and 3 were not different among the control and each TNF-α group. The secretion of E2 and P4 was not affected by IGF type I receptor antibody pretreatment. Conclusion : TNF-α might play a role as a regulator of ovarian physiology by modulating luteinized granulosa cellular proliferation and P4 secretion, and this mechanism might not be related to IGF system.

Short Communication : 도축검사 후 지방성 병변과 축산물 품질 연관성 조사

성창민 ( Chang Min Sung ),지태경 ( Tae Kyung Ji ),최종욱 ( Jong Wook Choi ),박다해 ( Da Hae Park ),박대희 ( Dae Hee Park ),김현중 ( Hyun Joong Kim ),김용환 ( Yong Hwan Kim ),김은선 ( Eun Sun Kim ) 한국동물위생학회 2013 한국동물위생학회지 (KOJVS) Vol.36 No.2

The survey was conducted to investigate the relation between slaughter inspection results and the quality of cattle carcasses by inquiring animal products grading service results of Korea Institute for Animal Products Quality Evaluation (KAPE) about partial-disposed cattle carcasses after dismantling inspection. Of the 13,586 slaughtered cattle, 1,343 (9.9%) cattle heads were partially disposed from January to August, 2012 at slaughterhouses in Gwangju area, Korea. Of the 1,343 partial disposed cattle, 613 (45.6%) cattle carcasses were graded into above Grade 1. Among partially disposed 1,171 Hanwoo heads, 613 (52.3%) cattle carcasses were graded into above Grade 1. However, none of dairy and beef cattle carcasses were graded into above Grade 1 out of 163 and 9 partial disposals, respectively. Of the 221 partial disposals by enteric fat necrosis, 139 carcasses were graded into above Grade 1, and the ratio; 62.9% (P=0.001), was higher than that (50.3%) of total cattle carcass grade which is above Grade 1. From these results, it is suggested that quality of cattle carcasses which is mainly determined by marbling might be related to the fatty lesions such as fatty liver and enteric fat necrosis.

Arabidopsis TTR1 Causes LRR-Dependent Lethal Systemic Necrosis, rather than Systemic Acquired Resistance, to Tobacco Ringspot Virus

남문,고세리,김성욱,Leslie L. Domier,전재흥,Su-Heon Lee,Andrew F. Bent,문제선 한국분자세포생물학회 2011 Molecules and cells Vol.32 No.5

Most Arabidopsis ecotypes display tolerance to the To-bacco ringspot virus (TRSV), but a subset of Arabidopsis ecotypes, including Estland (Est), develop lethal systemic necrosis (LSN), which differs from the localized hypersensitive responses (HRs) or systemic acquired resistance (SAR) characteristic of incompatible reactions. Neither viral replication nor the systemic movement of TRSV was restricted in tolerant or sensitive Arabidopsis ecotypes; therefore, the LSN phenotype shown in the sensitive ecotypes might not be due to viral accumulation. In the present study, we identified the Est TTR1 gene (tolerance to Tobacco ringspot virus 1) encoding a TIR-NBS-LRR protein that controls the ecotype-dependent tolerant/sensitive phenotypes by a map-based cloning method. The tolerant Col-0 ecotype Arabidopsis transformed with the sensitive Est TTR1 allele developed an LSN phenotype upon TRSV infection, suggesting that the Est TTR1 allele is dominant over the tolerant ttr1 allele of Col-0. Multiple sequence alignments of 10 tolerant ecotypes from those of eight sensitive ecotypes showed that 10 LRR amino acid polymorphisms were consistently distributed across the TTR1/ttr1 alleles. Site-directed mutagenesis of these amino acids in the LRR region revealed that two sites, L956S and K1124Q, completely abolished the LSN phenotype. VIGS study revealed that TTR1 is dependent on SGT1, rather than EDS1. The LSN phenotype by TTR1 was shown to be transferred to Nicotiana benthamiana, demonstrating functional conservation of TTR1 across plant families, which are involved in SGT-dependent de-fense responses, rather than EDS1-dependent signaling pathways.

전신성 홍반성 루푸스에서 종양괴사인자 생성능과 종양괴사인자 베타(TNFB)유전자의 다양성

이상헌,최범순,양형인,박성환,조철수,김호연,김동집,김태규,한훈 한국BRM학회 1995 한국 BRM학회지 Vol.5 No.2

전신성 모세혈관 누출 증후군으로 인한 만성 신질환 1예

백선하,신나라,김효진,한미연,최동주,방수미,김세중,백진호 영남대학교 의과대학 2012 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.29 No.2

Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is an unusual entity characterized by hypovolemic shock, hemoconcentration, and hypo-albuminemia associated with paraproteinemia as a result of marked capillary hyperpermeability. Complications of this syndrome can include compartment syndromes, pulmonary edema, thrombosis, and acute kidney injury. This paper reports a case of severe SCLS accompanied by acute tubular necrosis caused by hypoperfusion and myoglobinuria secondary to rhabdomyolysis, which resulted in chronic kidney disease that necessitated hemodialysis. However, there have been rare data of residual end-organ damage after acute attacks in Korea. Therefore, this paper reports a case of complicated SCLS enough to hemodialysis and that developed into chronic kidney disease.

전신성 홍반성낭창에서 발생한 무혈성 골괴사

우영균 ( Young Kyun Woo ),장주해 ( Ju Hai Chang ),김용식 ( Yong Sik Kim ),권순용 ( Soon Yong Kwon ),김기원 ( Ki Won Kim ),김양수 ( Yang Soo Kim ) 대한고관절학회 1995 Hip and Pelvis Vol.7 No.1

We took a retrospective assessment about the relationships to steroid therapy with 12 patients of AVN in SLE, comparing with the control cases which were composed of 25 patients of SLE followed up more than 5 years but free from evidence of AVN, who had been treated at Catholic University Medical College from 1986 to 1992. Based on results of above assessment, we carried out comparative analysis of above 2 groups to delineate the statistical significance between AVN and steroid therapy in SLE using Student's t-test, and its each items of statistical analysis were as follows; initial cumulative dosage on 1, 3, 6 months, average monthly dosage, average monthly dosage of pulse therapy and average monthly dosage of maintenance therapy throughout follow up period. In addition, we also reported the author's clinical experience in the orthopaedic management of 12 AVN patients in SLE with a respect of age & sex distribution, interval between diagnosis of SLE and AVN, involvement sites, radiologic stage especially in femoral head, treatment method and complication of treatment. This retrospective study was relatively fragmentary but shows that both initial higher steroid therapy and average dosage per months seem to be related with eventual development of AVN in SLE. In addition, the average monthly dosage of pulse therapy seems to have an influence on development of AVN in SLE also. But, the more distinct cause of AVN and the role of steroid in SLE may be elucidated through the further prospective attempt with an elaborate plan in concert with medical doctors.

Evaluation of Moon-tang on allergic reactions

Kim, Na-Hyung,Kang, In-Cheol,Kim, Hyung-Min,Jeong, Hyun-Ja Informa Healthcare 2011 Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology Vol.33 No.2

<P>Moon-tang (M-tang) is a traditional Korean medicine that has been used for the treatment of various allergic disorders. However, the precise antiallergic effect and mechanism of it remain unknown. To figure out accurately the effect of M-tang on mast cell-mediated allergic reactions, we measured parameters including changes in the compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis, ear-swelling response, histamine release, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α慣 secretion and expression, which related to allergic inflammatory reaction. The oral administration of M-tang inhibited systemic anaphylaxis and ear-swelling response in mice. M-tang suppressed the PCA and histamine release. In addition, M-tang and its active component, β棺-eudesmol, inhibited the TNF-α慣 production and expression in activated mast cells. These results suggest that M-tang may be a beneficial applicability as a candidate for an antiallergic agent.</P>