인적과실에 기인한 낚시어선 해양사고에 관한 연구

이명규,요시모토 코지 한국도서(섬)학회 2019 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.31 No.4

Recently, the number of fisherman using fishing boats has increased dramatically. Along with this phenomenon, marine accidents caused by fishing vessel have also increased, causing valuable lives as well as property damage. Therefore, related agencies such as the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries and Fisheries and the Korea Coast Guard have prepared and implemented various improvement measures to alleviate maritime accidents caused by fishing boats. Still, the number of large and small marine accidents caused by fishing boats has not decreased much. Therefore, it is deemed that effective measures should be designed to minimize the damage to lives, while more practical reduction measures for maritime accidents on fishing boats should be devised. Based on this problem recognition the study analyzed 44 judgments from Maritime Safety Tribunals from 2014 to 2019 classified as collisions and stranding accidents, particularly among maritime accidents involving fishing boats. The above process has shown that: First, collision and stranding accidents of fishing boats caused more than 19 percent of injuries in both types. Therefore, it has been sufficiently proven that reducing the occurrence of collision and stranding more than any other type of incident is a shortcut to reducing damage to human life on fishing boats. Second, marine accidents of fishing boats occurred largely unrelated to marine weather situations such as waves, weather, visibility, and wind force. Therefore, in considering the causes of marine accidents caused by fishing boats, the marine climate environment cannot be an important consideration, and so it is right to find the causes in other factors when it comes to this field. Third, human error by fishing boat operators (i.e. captains) such as negligence of look-out and improper manoeuvre served as a decisive factor in determining the occurrence of marine accidents on fishing boats. Therefore, it is most important to discover the causes of human error caused by the operator and to seek a solution. To summarize above, among the types of marine accidents on fishing boats, it is the collision and stranding that have a deep connection with human error, and the maritime weather situation is not so relevant that it should be excluded from the consideration of the discovery of the cause, and the collision and stranding are mainly due to the negligence of look-out and improper manoeuvre of the fishing vessel operator. In the end, the foremost measure to reduce maritime accidents by fishing boats is none other than to prevent or minimize human error caused by fishing boat operators. Based on the above problems, three measures are proposed to prevent or minimize the occurrence of maritime accidents caused by human error by fishing boat operators. First, through the revision of the current Ship Personnel Act, the system that allows small ship operators to obtain a license to operate a small boat without any service carrier and become a captain of a fishing vessel should be fundamentally abolished. Second, in order to minimize the possibility of potential maritime accidents caused by the phenomenon of operating and fishing by the captain alone, at least 13 fishermen are allowed to board, the crew is required to perform crewmember duties to substantially assist the captain's operation, and this crew is also required to license the operator of small ships as the captain. Third, increase the time of professional training for fishing from the current four hours to eight hours and include radar education to prevent collisions and stranding accidents, among which the education is entrusted to a judge advocate with sufficient service carrier as a judge, inspector or inquiry counsel of the Maritime Safety Tribunal. 최근에 이를수록 낚시어선을 이용한 낚시인이 급격하게 증가하고 있다. 이러한 현상에 수반하여 낚시어선에 의한 각종의 해양사고도 또한 증가하여 귀중한 인명은 물론 재산상의 손실을 야기하고 있다. 이에 해양수산부와 해양경찰청 등의 관계기관에서는 그때마다 낚시어선에 의한 해양사고를 경감하기 위한 다양한 개선방안을 마련하고 또 이행해 왔다. 그럼에도 여전히 낚시어선에 의한 크고 작은 해양사고는 그다지 줄어들고 있지 아니하다. 따라서 낚시어선 해양사고의 보다 실질적인 저감 방안을 마련하되, 그 이상적인 목표는 다름 아닌 인명 피해를 최소화하는 방향으로 설계되어야 한다고 판단된다. 이 연구는 이와 같은 문제인식에 기초하여, 2014년부터 2019년까지 해양안전심판원의 재결서 중에서 특히 낚시어선과 관련된 해양사고 중 충돌과 좌초사고로 분류되는 44건의 재결서를 분석하였는데, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 낚시어선의 해양사고 중 충돌과 좌초사고는 두 유형 모두에서 최소 19% 이상의 부상자를 발생시켰다. 따라서 다른 어떤 유형의 사건보다 충돌과 좌초의 발생을 줄이는 것이 곧 낚시어선 해양사고를 줄이는 지름길임이 충분히 증명되었다. 둘째, 낚시어선의 해양사고는 파고, 날씨, 시정, 풍속과 같은 해양기상 상황과는 대체로 무관하게 발생하였다. 따라서 낚시어선에 의한 해양사고의 발생원인의 고찰에 있어서 해양기상 환경은 중점적인 고려대상이 아닐 수도 있기 때문에 이 분야에 관한 한 다른 요인에서 그 원인을 찾는 것이 옳다. 셋째, 경계의 소홀(태만)과 운항부적절(항법미적용)과 같은 낚시어선 운항자(즉 선장)에 의한 인적과실이 낚시어선 해양사고의 발생여부를 결정하는 결정적인 요인으로 작용하였다. 위와 같은 고찰결과에 기초하여 이 연구에서는 낚시어선 운항자의 인적과실에 기인한 충돌 및 좌초와 같이 특히 인명 피해와 관계가 깊은 해양사고의 발생을 최소화 할 수 있는 세 가지 방안을 제시하였다. 첫째, 현행의 「선박직원법」의 개정을 통하여 승무경력이 전혀 없이도 소형선박조종사면허를 취득하여 낚시어선 운항자가 될 수 있도록 허용하고 있는 제도를 근본적으로 폐지하여야 한다. 둘째, 최소 13명 이상의 낚시인이 승선할 수 있는 낚시어선을 선장 혼자 운항, 조업하는 현상에 따른 해양사고의 잠재적 발생가능성을 최소화하기 위하여 선장의 운항과 조업업무를 실질적으로 보조할 수 있는 선원 1명의 승무를 의무화하고 이 선원도 또한 선장처럼 소형선박조종사면허의 소지를 강제한다. 셋째, 낚시전문교육의 시간을 현행 4시간에서 8시간으로 늘리고 그 내용 중에 충돌과 좌초사고의 방지를 위한 레이다교육 및 충돌 및 좌초사고의 사례연구를 포함시키되, 그 교육은 해양안전심판원의 심판관, 조사관 또는 선장으로서의 경력이 있는 심판변론인에게 위탁한다.

소형어선의 화재발생에 관한 분석

유직수,장현 한국수산해양교육학회 2020 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.32 No.1

The purpose of this study is conducted to prevent fires of small fishing boat. As a result of analyzing the maritime statistics data of the ministry of maritime affairs and the marine safety tribunal to determine the causes of the fire, from 2014 to 2018. The total number of marine accidents occurred in 12,326 cases, of which 7,875 accidents were caused by less than 20tons boat, accounting for approximately 63.9%. The analysis of small fishing boat fire reports showed that the most accidents were caused by engine trouble(28.5%) and collision(17.6%), agrounding(5.7%), fire(4.9%) in the engine room. The accidents were much occurred at the time between 08:00~12:00 hours by the time. The analysis of the dauses of the electric fire revealed short circuit and electric leakage due to deteriorration of the wire sheath, which occurred in a long time exposed wirte in a hot engine room.

계류 중인 소형어선의 배터리 화재발생 가능성에 관한 연구

강두헌,강형후,이준석 한국화재감식학회 2022 한국화재감식학회 학회지 Vol.13 No.4

In Korea, all three sides are surrounded by the sea, so trade and fisheries using ships have been developed. However, regardless of safety, domestic ship fires occur frequently every year. Among them, fires on large cargo ships or ferries have been a social issue, but the actual number of ships registered with the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries is only about 12%. Of the remaining 88 percent, 83 percent are small fishing boats, and many fires are also occurring in these boats. Among them, not only fishing boats under sail but also fishing boats under moorings cause fire due to short circuits and battery-related causes, causing great property damage, such as combustion expansion nearby. Therefore, this research focuses on the battery, which is one of the causes of fire in fishing boats, and analyzes the possibility of firing of the battery through fire investigation and Reproduction experiment and suggests ways to reduce damage, such as minimizing fire and preventing combustion.

소형어선의 자동항행시스템을 위한 전자자기컴퍼스의 실용화 연구

조현정 도립 강원전문대학 2000 道立 江原專門大學 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

In order to study basic information on the developed of an electromagnetic compass for autopilot system of small type fishing boat, experiments were carried out the varies of the compass error on ship's head up bearing with magnetic compass and electromagnetic compass on berthing at the pier. The varies of compass error on ship's head up bearing of the wooden fishing boat, turned on attracting fish lamps of power consumption 85㎾, steering compass got westerly compass error with 7°, electromagnetic compass got westerly compass error between 13° and 16°. The F.R.P. fishing boat, turned on attracting fish lamps of power consumption 130㎾, electromagnetic compass got easterly compass error between 19° and 23°. The steel fishing boat, turned on ship's navigation equipments of power consumption 225㎾, steering compass got westerly compass error with 13°, electromagnetic compass got westerly compass error with 68° on the upper deck, westerly compass error with 16° on the forecastle deck, westerly compass error with 16° on the forecastle deck, westerly compass error with 32° on the wheel house, westerly compass error with 20° on the compass deck.

돛이 소형선박 횡동요 감소에 미치는 영향

최찬문(Chan-Moon CHOI),안장영(Jang-Young AHN) 한국수산해양교육학회 2009 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.21 No.1

G/T 4.99톤급 한국 연안어선의 저항성능 개선에 관한 연구

유진원(Jin-Won Yu),이영길(Young-Gill Lee),지현우(Hyun-Woo Jee),박애선(Ae-Seon Park),최영찬(Young-Chan Choi),하윤진(Yoon-Jin Ha),정광열(Kwang-Leol Jeong) 대한조선학회 2010 大韓造船學會 論文集 Vol.47 No.6

한국 저속 소형 연안어선의 저항성능

지현우(Hyun-Woo Jee),이영길(Young-Gill Lee),강대선(Dae-Sun Kang),하윤진(Yoon-Jin Ha),최영찬(Young-Chan Choi),유진원(Jin-Won Yu) 대한조선학회 2009 大韓造船學會 論文集 Vol.46 No.1

선미 웨지가 차인선형의 조파저항에 미치는 영향

이대훈(Dae-Hoon Lee),유재문(Jae-Moon Lew),강대선(Dae Sun Kang) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2006 한국해양환경·에너지학회지 Vol.9 No.2

한국 고속 소형 연안어선의 저항성능 연구

유진원(Jin-Won Yu),이영길(Young-Gill Lee),박애선(Ae-Seon Park),하윤진(Yoon-Jin Ha),박정규(Cheong-Kyu Park),최영찬(Young-Chan Choi) 대한조선학회 2011 大韓造船學會 論文集 Vol.48 No.2

소형어선의 인적과실 방지에 관한 연구

김영롱(Young-Rong KIM),강성진(Song-Jin KANG),김원욱(Won-Ouk KIM),김창제(Chang-Je KIM) 한국수산해양교육학회 2019 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.31 No.6