The Effect of the Isokinetic Muscle Function of the Shoulder Joint of Amateur Club Baseball Pitchers in Their 20s on the Speed of a PITCHED BASEBALL

Wookwang Cheon,Jusik Park J-INSTITUTE 2020 Kinesiology Vol.5 No.2

Purpose: This study analyzed the effect of the isokinetic muscle function of the shoulder joint on the speed of a pitched baseball with 21 amateur club baseball players in their 20s in the D city area as subjects. Method: The subjects played the sport for between two years and seven years, have no pain or disease in their upper and lower limbs over the past year, and are divided into three groups: S1 for the maximum ball speed of 110 km/h or faster, S2 for 100 km/h or faster to slower than 110km/h, and S3 for slower than 100km/h in their pitched ball speed. The data for this study were processed using SPSS 18.0, calculating mean and standard deviations. One-way ANOVA was conducted to compare the differences between each item between the groups, and the Tukey method was used for follow-up analyses between the groups. In addition, multi linear regression was used to determine the effect of the isokinetic muscle function of the shoulder joint on the speed of a pitched baseball by angular velocity. The statistical significance level was set to p<.05. Results: The faster the pitching speed, the higher the statistical significance of the isokinetic muscle function of the shoulder joint (at an angular velocity of 60 degrees, 180 degrees, and 240 degrees). Among the isokinetic muscle function factors, it was shown that the extensor of the shoulder joint had a high explanatory power. Peak torque of right shoulder joint at 180 degrees angular velocity had 44.9%, and work per repetition at 240 degrees had 54.2% had 54.2% explanatory power. To sum up the above results, the better the muscle function the group has, the faster the speed of a pitched baseball, and especially extensor showed higher statistical significance than flexor. Conclusion: It was also shown that the isokinetic muscle function of the shoulder joint showed a stronger effect on the ball speed in extensor than in flexor of the right shoulder joint.

상완골 간부 골절의 교합성 골수강 내 금속정을 이용한 치료 결과 및 술 후 견관절 기능 평가

박승림 ( Seung Rim Park ),이동주 ( Tong Joo Lee ),김려섭 ( Ryuh Sub Kim ),문경호 ( Kyoung Ho Moon ),유동석 ( Dong Seok You ) 대한골절학회 2007 대한골절학회지 Vol.20 No.2

목 적: 교합성 골수강 내 금속정을 이용한 상완골 간부 골절의 치료 결과 및 특히 단점으로지적되어 온 술 후 견관절 기능 감소를 평가하고, 영향을 미치는 요소를 평가하여 술 후 견관절 기능 향상에 도움을 주고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 1999년 4월부터 2004년 10월까지 상완골 간부 골절로 교합성 골수강 내 금속정을 이용하여 치료받은 35예를 대상으로 하였고, 술 전 견관절 통증 유무, 퇴행성 소견 유무를 평가하고, 술 후 1년에 American Shoulder Elbow Surgery Scale (ASES)방법을 이용하여 견관절 기능과의 상관관계를 평가하였다. 결과: 33예에서 유합을 보였으며 평균 유합 시기는 12주였고, 합병증으로 불유합 2예, 감염 1예, 윈위 고정 나사못 해리 1예, 요골신경 마비 1예, 액와신경 마비 1예가 있었으며, 견관절 기능은 술 후 3개월에 ASES 점수 평균 78.2이었고, 술 후 12개월에서는 89.6이었다. 술 후 견관절 기능에 영향을 미칠 것으로 가정한 요소 중 술 전 견관절 통증유무, 금속정 근위 돌출은 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 결 론: 교합성 골수강 내 금속정을 이용한 상완골 간부 골절의 치료는 다른 치료 방법과 비슷한 양호한 결과를 보였으며, 견관절 기능장해는 금속정 돌출이 없도록 유의하여 수술한다면, 최종 추시에서는 견관절 기능 감소 없이 비교적 안전하며, 유용한 치료방법으로 판단된다. Purpose: To evaluate the post-operative functional reduction of the shoulder joint and the impacting factors to post-operative shoulder joint function in interlocking IM nailing treatment of humeral shaft fracture. Materials and Methods: From April 1999 to August 2004, 35 patients (35 cases) whom admitted to hospital for humeral shaft fracture and treated using interlocking intramedullary nail were followed up for more than 1 year. 1 year post-operative shoulder joint function were evaluated using American Shoulder Elbow Surgery Scale (ASES). Pre-operative shoulder joint pain, radiologically degenerative change and extent of nail protrusion were evaluated, and each factor was correlated with function of the shoulder joint. Results: 33 cases out of 35 cases showed union and average union period was 12 weeks. Complications consisted of 2 cases of nonunion, 1 case of infection, 1 case of loosening of distal fixing screw, 1 case of radial nerve palsy and 1 case of axillary nerve palsy. Shoulder joint function 3 months after operation :mean ASES score 78.2, 12 months after operation :mean ASES score 89.6. Pre-operative shoulder joint pain and nail protrusion showed to be statistically related to shoulder joint function. Conclusion: If the operation leaves no protrusion of intramedullary nail, it can be concluded to be relatively safe and effective.

펠든크라이스 기법®의 적용이 어깨관절 가동범위, 경추가동성및 근기능에 미치는 영향: 예비연구

김민지,윤은선,김대영 대한스포츠물리치료학회 2024 정형스포츠물리치료학회지 Vol.20 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the Feldenkrais Method® on theimprovement of shoulder joint function in women with desk jobs. Methods: We assessed 14 white-collar women aged 20–30 years. The range of motion of the shoulder joint,cervical mobility, muscle function, and shoulder flexibility were measured. The intervention program used wasthe Feldenkrais Awareness Through Movement (ATM), which lasted 70 min and included warm-up andcool-down exercises. Results: The changes in shoulder joint mobility after Feldenkrais ATM were significantly improved in termsof abduction (p=0.001), adduction (p=0.005), flexion (p=0.003), extension (p=0.001), internal rotation(p=0.001), and external rotation (p=0.001). The cervical mobility (p=0.022) and muscle function (p=0.001)were also significantly improved. Changes in shoulder flexibility showed significant effects in both the rightarm (p=0.003) and left arm dominant postures (p=0.017). Conclusion: The Feldenkrais Method® can increase joint mobility in the shoulder and can be a good way toimprove cervical mobility, muscle function, and shoulder flexibility. These effects are thought to be a goodway to prevent pain and improve functional impairment for those with shoulder problems.

Screening Test Robot for Functional Decline of Shoulder Joint

Keita Kamada,Noritaka Sato,Yoshifumi Morita,Hiroyuki Ukai,Kenji Komori,Shinya Taguchi 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10

In this paper, we propose a screening test robot for prevention and early detection of functional decline of the shoulder joint. For this purpose, we used a three-dimensional reaction force display robot (3D robot) that executed a method for quantitatively evaluating shoulder joint functions. We focused on two shoulder joint functions: one is flexibility/stability, and the other is cooperativeness. In the screening test for functional decline of flexibility/stability, the 3D robot measured the maximum isometric force exerted on the brace of the 3D robot by a subject. In the screening test for functional decline in cooperativeness, the 3D robot measured the maximum isokinetic force exerted on the brace by the subject and the rotational angle of the upper limb during the testing motion. We propose procedures for implementing the two kinds of screening tests using the 3D robot, and we developed a control method. We verified the effectiveness of the proposed screening robot in executing these procedures, the control method, and the quantitative evaluation method.

견관절 재활훈련을 위한 기능적 전기자극

전재현(Jae Hyeon Jeon),김진오(Jin Oh Kim) 대한기계학회 2013 大韓機械學會論文集B Vol.37 No.12

본 논문은 인체 견관절의 재활훈련을 위하여 견관절 근육에서 근전도를 측정하고 기능적 전기자극을 인가하는 실험적 연구를 다룬다. 견관절 근골격계의 구성 및 운동형상과 주요 기능을 토대로, 시상면 운동에서 주요 역할을 하는 견관절 근육을 실험대상으로 선정하였다. 첫 번째 실험으로 관절 각도에 따른 주요 근육의 표면근전도를 측정하였다. 관절 각도 변화와 표면면근전도 변화가 선형 비례하는 경향이 나타났다. 두 번째 실험으로 견관절 근육에 기능적 전기자극을 인가하면서 관절 각도를 측정하였다. 전기자극의 일정 범위에서 자극 전류 증가에 따라 관절 각도가 증가하는 경향이 나타났다. 능동형 재활훈련의 방안으로, 근전도 측정에 의해 근육의 운동의지를 감지하고 기능적 전기자극으로 근육의 장력 발생을 보조하는 게 가능함을 확인하였다. This study deals with experimental studies on electromyogram (EMG) measurements and functional electrical stimulation (FES) for the rehabilitation of a shoulder-joint. Based on the structure, motion, and main functions of the musculoskeletal system in a shoulder-joint, the muscles playing a major role for the motion in the sagittal plane were selected for the experiment. First, the surface electromyogram of the main muscles was measured according to the joint angle. The results showed that the change in the surface EMG was linearly proportional to the change in the joint angle. Second, the joint angle was measured during FES at shoulder muscles. The results showed that the joint angle increased as the FES current increased in a certain range of FES. It was confirmed that the willingness of muscles to move could be detected by measuring EMG and that the generation of muscle tension could be assisted by FES for active rehabilitation.

탄력밴드를 이용한 4주간의 견관절 나선 직선 운동이 견관절의 기능에 미치는 영향

이승병(Lee Sung-Byung),김선엽(Kim Suhn-Yeop),김병완(Kim Byeong-Wan),김창환(Kim Chang-Whan) 한국체육과학회 2009 한국체육과학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Executed to know what shoulder joint spiral exercise and straight exercise for 4 weeks using Theraband have an effect on function of shoulder joint. It is a purpose of this study. This Study targets are 19 males who go to the university and classified as 10 persons of spiral exercise group, 9 persons of straight exercise group. As a results, We got the following conclusion. The changes in throwing with standing, throwing with sitting, Davies closed kinetic chain test, push-ups test and Isokinetic exercise during and after the exercise session, were significantly incresed both in spiral exercise and in straight exercise(P<.01). There was statistically more significant difference in spiral exercise group than in straight exercise group concerning the rate of change in distance of throwing with standing and throwing with sitting during and after the exercise session(P<.01). Various exercise and movements named diagonal line or helix or oblique used in every day life, is getting used already to cure a sickness or play sports. But, now, basic researches about these movements is insignificant. because, there are several difficult problems. Therefore, I wish that from now on, an examination comes into effect through this study, in more systematic and various field.

Relationship Between the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test and Strength of Serratus Anterior and Triceps Brachii Muscles

Young-soo Weon,Sun-hee Ahn,Jun-hee Kim,Gyeong-tae Gwak,Oh-yun Kwon 한국전문물리치료학회 2021 한국전문물리치료학회지 Vol.28 No.3

Background: The CKCUES test evaluates the functional performance of the shoulder joint. The CKCUES test scores CKC exercises of the upper limbs to examine shoulder stability. Al-though the CKCUES test provides quantitative data on functional ability and performance, no study has determined the relationship between CKCUES scores and SA and TB muscle strength. Objects: The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between the CKCUES test scores and the strength of the SA and TB muscles in the CKCUES and unilateral CKCUES tests. Methods: Sixty-six healthy male volunteers participated in the study. A Smart KEMA strength sensor measured SA and TB muscle strength. Two parallel lines on the floor indicated the initial hand placement to start CKCUES tests. For 15 seconds, the subject raises one hand and reaches over to touch the supporting hand, then returns to the starting position. Results: The correlation between the CKCUES test scores and the strength of the SA was strong (r = 0.650, p < 0.001), and the TB was moderate (r = 0.438, p < 0.001). The correla-tion between the unilateral CKCUES test and the strength of the SA of the supporting side was strong (r = 0.605, p < 0.001), and swing side was strong (r = 0.681, p < 0.001). The cor-relation between the unilateral CKCUES test and the strength of the TB of the supporting side was moderate (r = 0.409, p < 0.001), and swing side was moderate (r = 0.482, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our study showed that the CKCUES test had a strong association with isometric strength of SA and moderate association with that of TB. These findings suggest that the CKCUES test can evaluate the function of the SA. Moreover, the unilateral CKCUES test can evaluate unilateral shoulder function.

Constant score in asymptomatic shoulders varies with different demographic populations: derivation of adjusted score equation

Nitesh Gahlot,Ankit Rai,Jeshwanth Netaji 대한견주관절의학회 2022 대한견주관절의학회지 Vol.25 No.4

Background: In the present study, the age- and sex-adjusted Constant score (CS) in a normal Indian population was calculated and any differences with other population cohorts assessed. Methods: The study participants were patients who visited the outpatient department for problems other than shoulder and healthy volunteers from the local population. Patients without shoulder pain/discomfort during activity were included in the study. Subjects with any problem that might affect shoulder function (e.g., cervical, thoracic spine, rib cage deformity, inflammatory arthritis) were excluded. Constant scoring of all participants was performed by trained senior residents under the supervision of the senior faculty. Shoulder range of movement and strength were measured following recommendations given by the research and Development Committee of the European Society for Shoulder and Elbow Surgery (2008). A fixed spring balance was used for strength measurement; one end was fixed on the floor and the other end tied with a strap to the wrist of the participant, arm in 90° abduction in scapular plane with palm facing down. Results: Among the 248 subjects (496 shoulders), the average age was 37 years (range, 18–78 years), 65.7% were males (326 shoulders) and 34.3% females (170 shoulders). The mean CS was 84.6±2.9 (males, 86.1±3.0; females, 81.8±2.9). CS decreased significantly after 50 years of age in males and 40 years of age in females (p<0.05). The mean CS was lower than in previous studies for both males and females. Heavy occupation workers had higher mean CS (p<0.05). A linear standardized equation was estimated for calculating the adjusted CS for any age. Conclusions: Mean CS and its change with age differed from previous studies among various population cohorts.

자연과학편 : 야구선수들의 견관절 등속성 근 기능과 볼 스피드와의 상관관계 분석

이태경(TaeKyungLee),김종호(JongHoKim) 한국체육학회 2010 한국체육학회지 Vol.49 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 투수들의 볼 스피드와 등속성 견관절 회전력과의 관계를 규명하는데 있다. 대학생 야구선수 중 전문 투수 6명과 야수 6명 그리고 사후검증을 위한 고교 야구 투수 7명을 대상으로 하였다. 측정은 Biodex에 앉은 자세와 D2 자세로 견관절의 내·외회전과 굴곡 및 신전을 측정하였으며, 구속 측정은 스피드 건으로 5회 측정하여 최고구속 채택하였다. 측정된 모든 자료는 SPSS Ver. 10.0(한글)을 이용하여 분석하였으며 본 측정변인에 대한 볼 스피드와의 상관관계는 Pearson 상관관계로 분석하였고 측정 변인들에 대한 볼 스피드와의 관계를 예측하기 위한 다중 회귀분석을 수행하였다. 이때 고안된 추정 모형을 일반화하기 위한 타당성 검증은 실측값과 추정값에 대하여 t-검증을 실시하였다. 연구의 결과 앉은 자세에서 투수집단과 야수집단의 볼 스피드와 견관절 회전력은 투수집단에서만 볼 스피드에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, D2 자세에서는 투수와 야수 집단 모두에서 볼 스피드와 유의한 관계를 나타내는 변인들이 없었다. 또한 견관절 회전력 측정 변인들로부터 볼 스피드를 예측하기 위한 추정 모형식을 고안하게 되었다(R2=.99, p<.05). 결론적으로 본 연구의 결과는 견관절 등속성 회전력과 볼 스피드와의 관계에 따른 근 기능에 의한 볼 스피드를 예측함으로써 투수들의 경기 수행능력 향상과 상해방지 및 재활운동에 기초 자료로 활용되어 질 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. The purpose of this study is to diagnose the Relation of Pitcher's Ball Speed with peak torque internal and external rotation of shoulder using Isokinetic dynamometer. The subjects for this study were 6 specialized pitchers and 6 fielders of baseball players and 7 pitchers who are baseball players as high school students for further inspection. Concerning the seated posture on Biodex and the D2 diagonal-throwing pattern motion, internal and external rotation and flexion and extension of shoulder joint were measured. And the measurement of ball speed was performed by 5 times by using of speed gun and then finally the highest ball speed of them was selected. Measured all data were analyzed by using of SPSS Ver. 10.0, the correlation analysis of ball speed with this measuring variables was analyzed by Pearson correlation, and the stepwise multiple regression analysis to predict the relation ball speed to measuring variables and T-test was performed. The result of this study was that in measuring peak torque of shoulder rotation of pitchers and fielders groups with all seated Modified neutral posture, only the group of pitchers showed the factors which had influence on ball speed in measuring ball speed, peak torque of shoulder rotation and in the posture of D2(standing), both pitchers and fielders groups had not variables which showed the significant relation with ball speed. In addition, the expression of estimated model can be originated for prediction of ball speed from these measuring variables like peak torque of shoulder rotation. Consequently, it is expected that the result of this study may be utilized as a basic data for the improvement of game performance ability of pitchers, the prevention from injury, and the rehabilitation practice applied by predicting the ball speed by muscular strength on the basis of the relations of relation of pitcher's ball speed with peak torque internal and external rotation of shoulder using Isokinetic dynamometer.

Quantitative Evaluation Support System of Shoulder Joint Function using Three-Dimensional Force Display Robot

Ryosuke Takeichi,Noritaka Sato,Yoshifumi Morita,Kenji Komori 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

In the rehabilitation field, there is a need for quantitative evaluation independent of the therapist’s subjective evaluation. In our previous work, we developed a binary-valued quantitative evaluation algorithm for the motor function of the shoulder joint based on sensor data from a test performed by therapists. In this paper, we developed a quantitative evaluation support system by implementing the binary-valued quantitative evaluation algorithm of the motor function and verified the effectiveness of the proposed system. The quantitative evaluation support system uses a three-dimensional force display robot that can imitate the test motion and the evaluation by the therapist. For this purpose, we analyzed the test motion and the evaluation by the therapist for ten subjects to determine two threshold parameters used in the binary-valued quantitative evaluation algorithm. In order to verify the evaluation accuracy in the test using the developed quantitative evaluation support system, we conducted the test using the developed system for three subjects. The sensitivity was 75% and the specificity was 75% in the test using the developed system. We plan to improve on the evaluation accuracy in our future work.