식물 추출물을 이용한 초파리 기피제 개발

서대건,서성교,정인호,정윤철,우상보,도경률,정인채,윤성훈,이인순,박흠대 대구대학교 산업기술연구소 2014 産業技術硏究 Vol.25 No.1

To study repellent of Drosophila melanogaster, we extracted plant materials from wild sesame leaf, cinnamon, fig leaf, ginko leaf, quince with 100% ethanol or water as an extract solvent and described an insecticidal effect on the plant extract respectively. In the result, the 100% ethanol extract had higher insecticidal effect than the water extract. The ethanol extract of wild sesame leaf showed 58% extinction effect on Drosophila and the extracts of cinnamon and fig leaves had the effect of repellent. Each ethanil extract and the extract of cinnamon water were mixed with the ethanol extract of wild sesame leaf and a secondary test on the repellent effect has been conducted. In case of cinnamon extract mixed with wild sesame leaf, it showed no larva development and low Drosophila influx and also confirmed the same effect in the ethanol extract of fig leaf. The ethanol extract of wild sesame leaf has aromatic compound and high level of flavonoid concentration that affect like lure materials and accelerate a repellent effect of Drosophila. The cinnamon extract has high concentration of phenol compound that reasons material on repellent effect. However, the effect of fig leaf can not describe because it is low concentration of phenol compound and flavonoid compared with wild sesame leaf and cinnamon. Therefore, in case of mixed plant extracts with the ethanol extract of wild sesame leaves it can make repellent product to induce larva inhibition and insecticidal effect.

Changes in CuticularWaxes of Developing Leaves in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Myoung-Seok Kim,Kang-Bo Shim,박시형,김관수 한국작물학회 2009 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.12 No.3

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the most important oil seed crops, which has been used as a traditional health food. The objective of this study was to investigate the changes of leaf cuticular waxes during plant growth from 5 to 75 days after seedling emergence, and the variation of leaf waxes with different leaf position; top, middle, and lower positions, using four Korean sesame cultivars, Ahnsan, Danbaeck, Hanseom, and Kyeongheuk. Alkanes in lower leaves and aldehydes in top leaves among leaf positions were the most abundant, with alkanes being with major portion in all leaf position of four sesame cultivars. Total leaf wax load decreased around three-fold between 5 and 30 days, and then remained constant up to day 75. The percentages of alkanes and aldehydes increased between 5 and 15 days and then changed little or increasingly, showing minor variation depending on sesame cultivars. The rate of increase of alkanes was slightly higher than that of aldehydes. Chain length of alkanes and aldehydes became longer from 5 to 30 days, and then remained almost constant till day 75. The major homologue in alkanes was the C29 at day 5 and the C33 constituent after day 30, while the major homologue in aldehydes was the C32 constituent continuously during leaf development. The results demonstrated that the chain length for alkane and aldehyde constituents changed increasingly by chain elongation and wax biosynthesis during leaf development of sesame.

Cytological, genetic, and proteomic analysis of a sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) mutant Siyl‑1 with yellow–green leaf color

Tong‑Mei Gao,Shuang‑Ling Wei,Jing Chen,Yin Wu,Feng Li,Li‑Bin Wei,Chun Li,Yan‑Juan Zeng,Yuan Tian,Dong‑Yong Wang,Hai‑Yang Zhang 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.1

Background Both photosynthetic pigments and chloroplasts in plant leaf cells play an important role in deciding on the photosynthetic capacity and efficiency in plants. Systematical investigating the regulatory mechanism of chloroplast development and chlorophyll (Chl) content variation is necessary for clarifying the photosynthesis mechanism for crops. Objective This study aims to explore the critical regulatory mechanism of leaf color mutation in a yellow–green leaf sesame mutant Siyl-1. Methods We performed the genetic analysis of the yellow-green leaf color mutation using the F2 population of the mutant Siyl-1. We compared the morphological structure of the chloroplasts, chlorophyll content of the three genotypes of the mutant F2 progeny. We performed the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and compared the protein expression variation between the mutant progeny and the wild type. Results Genetic analysis indicated that there were 3 phenotypes of the F2 population of the mutant Siyl-1, i.e., YY type with light-yellow leaf color (lethal); Yy type with yellow-green leaf color, and yy type with normal green leaf color. The yellowgreen mutation was controlled by an incompletely dominant nuclear gene, Siyl-1. Compared with the wild genotype, the chloroplast number and the morphological structure in YY and Yy mutant lines varied evidently. The chlorophyll content also significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The 2-DE comparison showed that there were 98 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) among YY, Yy, and yy lines. All the 98 DEPs were classified into 5 functional groups. Of which 82.7% DEPs proteins belonged to the photosynthesis and energy metabolism group. Conclusion The results revealed the genetic character of yellow-green leaf color mutant Siyl-1. 98 DEPs were found in YY and Yy mutant compared with the wild genotype. The regulation pathway related with the yellow leaf trait mutation in sesame was analyzed for the first time. The findings supplied the basic theoretical and gene basis for leaf color and chloroplast development mechanism in sesame.

Changes in Cuticular Waxes of Developing Leaves in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Kim, Myoung-Seok,Shim, Kang-Bo,Park, Si-Hyung,Kim, Kwan-Su The Korean Society of Crop Science 2009 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.12 No.3

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the most important oil seed crops, which has been used as a traditional health food. The objective of this study was to investigate the changes of leaf cuticular waxes during plant growth from 5 to 75 days after seedling emergence, and the variation of leaf waxes with different leaf position; top, middle, and lower positions, using four Korean sesame cultivars, Ahnsan, Danbaeck, Hanseom, and Kyeongheuk. Alkanes in lower leaves and aldehydes in top leaves among leaf positions were the most abundant, with alkanes being with major portion in all leaf position of four sesame cultivars. Total leaf wax load decreased around three-fold between 5 and 30 days, and then remained constant up to day 75. The percentages of alkanes and aldehydes increased between 5 and 15 days and then changed little or increasingly, showing minor variation depending on sesame cultivars. The rate of increase of alkanes was slightly higher than that of aldehydes. Chain length of alkanes and aldehydes became longer from 5 to 30 days, and then remained almost constant till day 75. The major homologue in alkanes was the C29 at day 5 and the C33 constituent after day 30, while the major homologue in aldehydes was the C32 constituent continuously during leaf development. The results demonstrated that the chain length for alkane and aldehyde constituents changed increasingly by chain elongation and wax biosynthesis during leaf development of sesame.

Growth Analysis between Determinate and Indeterminate Growth Types in Sesame

Hong Soo Doo,Myung Kyu Oh,Ki Hun Park,Duck Yong Suh,Jeom Ho Ryu 한국육종학회 2003 한국육종학회지 Vol.35 No.2

Growth analysis was conducted with three diff erent growth types of sesame to compare the growth characteristics among types and to obtain the basic information for breeding high yielding sesame. Dif ferent growth types showed dif ferent rate of inrease i

들깻잎과 참깻잎 추출물의 항산화 활성 및 대장암세포 증식 억제 활성 비교분석

곽영은 ( Young Eun Kwak ),기서하 ( Seo Ha Ki ),노은경 ( Eun Kyoung Noh ),신하늘 ( Ha Neul Shin ),한영주 ( Young Ju Han ),이유나 ( Yu Na Lee ),주지형 ( Jih Yeung Ju ) 한국식품조리과학회(구 한국조리과학회) 2013 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.29 No.3

들깻잎은 독특한 향미가 있어 다양한 형태로 빈번히 식용되고 있는 반면 참깻잎은 특별한 향미가 없어 그 기호성이 낮아 거의 식용되지 않는 폐자원이다. 들깻잎의 경우 다양한 기능성이 보고된 바 있으나, 참깻잎의 경우에는 통상적으로 식품으로 이용되는 자원이 아니기 때문에 그 기능성에 대한 연구가 전무한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 들깻잎과 참깻잎의 항산화 성분함량 및 활성을 비교하여, 참깻잎의 항산화 및 항암 기능성을 조명해 보고자 하였다. 식물성 식품에 널리 존재하는 대표적인 항산화 성분인 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드의 함량을 들깻잎과 참깻잎 추출물에서 측정한 결과, 참깻잎의 총 폴리페놀 및 총 플라보노이드 함량은 들깻잎의 함량의 약 1.5-1.6배 수준이었으며(p<0.05), 참깻잎의 ABTS radical 및 DPPH radical 소거활성 또한 들깻잎 활성의 약 1.7-2배 수준이었다(p<0.01). 또한 참깻잎은 들깻잎보다 대장암세포의 성장을 억제하는 활성이 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<0.001). 이러한 연구 결과는 향후 참깻잎의 항암성을 포함한 다양한 기능성 및 관련 작용기전을 규명하고, 나아가 참깻잎을 이용한 기능성 식품을 개발하기 위한 기초자료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 또한 참깻잎의 기호성을 증진시키기 위한 조리과학적 연구 등과 같은 참깻잎의 식품학적 가치를 재조명하는 다양한 연구들이 앞으로 종합적으로 수행된다면, 이제까지 폐자원으로 여겨졌던 참깻잎의 새로운 자원화를 통한 경제적인 효과도 기대할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. This study was to compare the antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities of perilla (Perilla frutescens Britton) and sesame (Seasamum indicum L.) leaf extracts. The total polyphenol levels of sesame leaf (634.7 ± 1.2 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g dried leaf) were higher than those of perilla leaf (408.7 ± 4.6 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g dried leaf; p<0.001). The total flavonoid levels of sesame leaf (166.7 ± 17.3 mg quercetin equivalent/100 g dried leaf) were also higher than those of perilla leaf (108.2 ± 3.7 mg quercetin equivalent/100 g dried leaf; p<0.05). ABTS radical- and DPPH radical-scavenging activities of sesame leaf extracts (78.9% and 18.2%, respectively) were higher than those of perilla leaf extracts (46.0% and 9.0%, respectively; p<0.01). Both perilla and sesame leaf extracts significantly inhibited the growth of HCT116 human colon cancer cells. However, the inhibitory activities of sesame leaf extracts were more pronounced than those of perilla leaf extracts (p<0.001). These results indicate that sesame leaf extracts have higher antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities than perilla leaf extracts. More studies are needed in order to enhance the sensory value of sesame leaf and to develop sesame leaf as health/functional food ingredients.

Changes in leaf cuticular waxes of sesame (<i>Sesamum indicum</i> L.) plants exposed to water deficit

Kim, Kwan Su,Park, Si Hyung,Jenks, Matthew A. Elsevier 2007 Journal of plant physiology Vol.164 No.9

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Sesame (<I>Sesamum indicum</I> L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops, having seeds and oil that are highly valued as a traditional health food. The objective of this study was to evaluate leaf cuticular wax constituents across a diverse selection of sesame cultivars, and the responses of these waxes to drought-induced wilting. Water-deficit was imposed on 18 sesame cultivars by withholding irrigation for 15d during the post-flowering stage, and the effect on seed yield and leaf waxes compared with a well-watered control. Leaf cuticular waxes were dominated by alkanes (59% of total wax), with aldehydes being the next-most abundant class. Compared to well-irrigated plants, drought treatment caused an increase in wax amount on most cultivars, with only three cultivars having a notable reduction. When expressed as an average across all cultivars, drought treatment caused a 30% increase in total wax amount, with a 34% increase in total alkanes, a 13% increase in aldehydes, and a 28% increase in the total of unknowns. In all cultivars, the major alkane constituents were the C27, C29, C31, C33, and C35 homologs, whereas the major aldehydes were the C30, C32, and C34 homologs, and drought exposure had only minor effects on the chain length distribution within these and other wax classes. Drought treatments caused a large decrease in seed yield per plant, but did not affect the mean weight of individual seeds, showing that sesame responds to post-flowering drought by reducing seed numbers, but not seed size. Seed yield was inversely correlated with the total wax amount (−0.466*), indicating that drought induction of leaf wax deposition does not contribute directly to seed set. Further studies are needed to elucidate the ecological role for induction of the alkane metabolic pathway by drought in regulating sesame plant survival and seed development in water-limiting environments.</P>

Research Note : First Record of Alternaria simsimi Causing Leaf Spot on Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in Korea

( Young Phil Choi ),( Narayan Chandra Paul ),( Hyang Burm Lee ),( Seung Hun Yu ) 한국균학회 2014 Mycobiology Vol.42 No.4

Leaf spot disease was observed in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) during 2009 and 2010 in Korea. The pathogen was identified as Alternaria simsimi based on morphological and cultural characteristics. The morphological identification was well supported by phylogenetic analysis of the ribosomal DNA-internal transcribed spacer region. A. simsimi isolates caused spot symptoms on leaves and stems of sesame plants 2 wk after artificial inoculation, which were similar to those observed in the field. This is the first record of leaf spot disease in Korea caused by A. simsimi.

Antioxidant activities of thermally treated Sesamum indicum L. leaf extracts and their inhibitory effects against growth and metastatic properties of human colon cancer cells

김서윤,이화진,주지형 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.13

The study aimed to investigate antioxidant activities of two different thermally treated sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) leaf ethanol extract, steamed sesame leaf extract (SSLE) and roasted sesame leaf extract (RSLE), and their inhibitory effects on uncontrolled growth and increased metastatic properties in human colon cancer cell lines. Both SSLE and RSLE contained pedaliin as the major polyphenol and its aglycon, pedalitin, as a minor component and exhibited radical scavenging activities and ferric reducing antioxidant power. SSLE and RSLE decreased growth of HT29 and HCT116 colon cancer cells, which was attributed to the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at either G2/M (by SSLE in HCT116) or S phase (by RSLE in HCT116). Furthermore, SSLE and RSLE inhibited migration and adhesion in both cell lines. These results indicate that thermally treated sesame leaves retained pedaliin content and exhibited antioxidant activities and inhibitory activities against the growth and metastatic properties of colon cancer cells.

Effect of Blanching on Dietary Fiber and Free Sugar Content of Vegetables

이리노,김용석 한국식품위생안전성학회 2023 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Vegetables are rich sources of dietary fiber, which exhibit various health benefits. In the Republic of Korea, vegetables are consumed after cooking using different methods. However, they are most commonly eaten raw or blanched. In this study, chamnamul, sesame leaf, Fischer’s ragwort, burdock root, and garlic stem from Korea were analyzed according to the Korean Food Code, and changes in dietary fiber content after blanching were compared. Blanching reduced the total dietary fiber (TDF) content in chamnamul (from 3.67±0.03 to 2.61±0.14 g/100 g), burdock root (from 4.95±0.40 to 3.89±0.10 g/100 g), and sesame leaf (from 4.32±0.12 to 3.65±0.17 g/100 g), but increased it in Fischer’s ragwort (from 6.09±0.49 to 6.43±0.01 g/100 g) and garlic stem (from 4.52±0.35 to 5.09±0.04 g/100 g). Sucrose, glucose, and fructose were detected in the vegetables; however, sesame leaf did not have sucrose. Fresh burdock root had the highest sucrose content (1.71±0.07 g/100 g) whereas garlic stem had the highest glucose and fructose content (1.65±0.02 and 1.73±0.02 g/100 g, respectively) compared with other vegetables. Upon blanching, the free sugar content of vegetables decreased for all sugars except for sucrose, which increased in Fischer’s ragwort (from 0.10±0.01 to 0.14±0.01 g/100 g) and garlic stem (from 0.76±0.00 to 0.83±0.01 g/100 g). These results can provide information on blanching-associated changes in the content of dietary fiber and free sugar in foods prepared using these vegetables.