한국산 갈조식물 지충이의 지리적 형태변이

김상일 ( Sang Il Kim ),오윤식 ( Yoon Sik Oh ),원남일 ( Nam-il Won ),박상률 ( Sang Rul Park ) 한국환경생물학회 2014 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.32 No.4

이번 연구는 한국산 지충이 [Sargassum thunbergii(Mertens ex Roth) Kuntze]의 지리적 형태변이를 확인하고, 형태변이에 따른 품종의 구분에 대하여 분류학적 재검토를 시도하였다. 동해, 서해와 남해안에 분포하는 지충이개체군의 지리적 형태변이를 조사하기 위해서 개체가 가장 성숙한 시기인 봄철에 채집하였다. 지충이의 관찰대상형질은 부착기, 줄기의 길이와 직경, 체장, 중심가지의 직경, 마디간격, 측지의 길이와 직경, 잎의 길이와 폭 및 두께, 기낭의 길이와 직경, 기낭 자루와 기낭 돌기의 길이,생식기탁의 길이와 직경, 질감이었다. 서해안의 지충이는 엽체가 짧고 가늘며, 마디간격이 넓어서 성긴 느낌이고 질감이 부드러워 다른 두 해역의 지충이와는 다른 형태적 특징을 보였다. 동해안의 지충이는 체장이 서해안의것과 비슷하지만 중심가지와 측지가 굵어서 질감이 거칠고, 측지가 없거나 매우 짧은 것도 있으며, 잎과 기낭이다른 해역에 비해 컸다. 남해안의 지충이는 체장과 측지가 가장 길고 잎과 기낭이 짧은 것이 특징이었다. 동해안북부에서 채집된 개체들은 f. latifolium과 형질이 유사하였다. 그러나 다른 해역에서는 네 품종의 원기재와 정확히 일치하지 않아 품종을 구분하는 식별형질은 한국산지충이의 형태 변이에 적용할 수 없었다. 따라서 생육지에 따라 나타나는 지충이의 다양한 형태변이는 종 이하의 분류군으로 나누는 것보다는 생육지 환경조건에 따른변이체로 보는 것이 타당할 것으로 사료된다. In this study, we investigated the effect of geographical variations on Sargassum thunbergii morphology to make a taxonomic reconsideration about infraspecific taxa in this species. In order to examine the morphological characteristics of S. thunbergii, total 27 matured and morphologically intact thalli were collected from the east, west and south coast in spring 2011. Interestingly, it was observed that the species populations on the west coast were characterized by short, thin and coarse thallus, and soft texture. However, the populations on the east coast showed thicker thallus, larger leaf and vesicle, and tougher texture. Thallus height of S. thunbergii was found to be similar at both east and west coast. Further, the height of the thallus and lateral branch of the species populations residing south coast were highest whereas the size of leaf and vesicle are shortest,in comparison with east and west coast species. Although morphological characteristics of the north east coast populations corresponded to the original description of S. thunbergii f. latifolium, we could not find exact morphological features and diagnostic characters to distinguish form in S. thunbergii. These results indicated that it is not the optimal characteristics to identify infraspecific form in this species. In contrast, morphological variations may signify the adaptation of this species to local environmental factors. Thus, we recommend that intraspecific morphological variation of S. thunbergii should be carefully used to identify infraspecific taxa.

한국산 갈조식물 지충이의 지리적 형태변이

김상일,오윤식,원남일,박상률 한국환경생물학회 2014 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.32 No.4

In this study, we investigated the effect of geographical variations on Sargassum thunbergii morphology to make a taxonomic reconsideration about infraspecific taxa in this species. In order to examine the morphological characteristics of S. thunbergii, total 27 matured and morphologically intact thalli were collected from the east, west and south coast in spring 2011. Interestingly, it was observed that the species populations on the west coast were characterized by short, thin and coarse thallus, and soft texture. However, the populations on the east coast showed thicker thallus, larger leaf and vesicle, and tougher texture. Thallus height of S. thunbergii was found to be similar at both east and west coast. Further, the height of the thallus and lateral branch of the species populations residing south coast were highest whereas the size of leaf and vesicle are shortest, in comparison with east and west coast species. Although morphological characteristics of the north east coast populations corresponded to the original description of S. thunbergii f. latifolium, we could not find exact morphological features and diagnostic characters to distinguish form in S. thunbergii. These results indicated that it is not the optimal characteristics to identify infraspecific form in this species. In contrast, morphological variations may signify the adaptation of this species to local environmental factors. Thus, we recommend that intraspecific morphological variation of S. thunbergii should be carefully used to identify infraspecific taxa.

Vibrio crassostreae PKA 1002 유래 조효소액에 의한 지충이 (Sargassum thunbergii) 분해물의 항산화 효과

박시우,김꽃봉우리,김민지,강보경,박원민,안나경,최연욱,박지혜,배난영,임성미,안동현,Bark, Si-Woo,Kim, Koth-Bong-Woo-Ri,Kim, Min-Ji,Kang, Bo-Kyeong,Pak, Won-Min,Ahn, Na-Kyung,Choi, Yeon-Uk,Park, Ji-Hye,Bae, Nan-Young,Lim, Sung-Mee,Ahn, Don 한국미생물·생명공학회 2015 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.43 No.2

지충이 물 추출물을 알긴산 분해능을 가진 V. crassostreae PKA 1002 유래 조효소액을 이용하여 가수분해시킨 후 pH, 색도 및 항산화 활성의 변화를 살펴보았다. 지충이 물 추출물과 조효소액을 30℃에서 0, 3, 6, 12 및 24시간 반응시켜 환원당 생성능과 점도의 변화를 살펴본 결과, 환원당 생성능은 반응 6시간에서 357.82 μg/ml로 가장 높아졌으며, 점도는 0시간에서 1.57 cp에서 반응 6시간에서 1.22 cP로 가장 낮아져 6시간에서 최적분해 조건임을 확인하였다. 최적 조건에서 pH 및 색도는 지충이 물 추출물과 효소분해물이 각각 6.11과 6.15로 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 색도는 효소분해물이 물 추출물보다 명도는 감소하고 적색도 및 황색도는 모두 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. TPC 함량은 지충이물 추출물과 효소분해물이 2.54 및 2.55 mg/g으로 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능 측정 결과, 지충이 효소분해물이 0.05−5 mg/ml 농도에서 물 추출물보다 낮은 DPPH 라디칼 소거능을 보였다. 반면, chelating effect 측정 결과, 0.05−5 mg/ml 농도에서 효소분해물의 활성이 물 추출물보다 유의적으로 높아짐을 확인하였다. Reducing power 측정 결과, 0.005−1 mg/ml 농도에서 지충이 물 추출물과 효소분해물간 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 따라서 지충이 효소분해물은 지충이 물 추출물보다 금속봉쇄력의 활성이 증진됨을 확인하여, 주로 DPPH 라디칼 소거능에서 항산화 활성을 나타낸 지충이 물 추출물과 달리 금속봉쇄력작용에 의해 항산화 활성을 나타냄을 확인하였다. An alginate degrading enzyme from the Vibrio crassostreae PKA 1002 strain was used to hydrolyze the water extract of Sargassum thunbergii. To obtain the optimum degrading conditions for the S. thunbergii water extract, the mixture of the water extract and enzyme was incubated at 30℃ for 0, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h, and its alginate degrading ability was measured by reducing sugar and viscosity. A temperature of 30℃ for a period of 6 h was found to be the optimal condition for the enhancement of the alginate’s degrading ability. The pH of the enzymatic hydrolysate was not significantly different from that of the water extract. Overall lightness decreased, but redness and yellowness increased after enzymatic hydrolysis. Total phenolic compounds did not differ between the water extract and the enzymatic hydrolysate. DPPH radical scavenging activity and the reducing power of the enzymatic hydrolysate were lower than those of the water extract. However, the chelating effect of the enzymatic hydrolysate (80.08% at 5 mg/ml) was higher than that of the water extract (62.29%). These results indicate that the enzymatic hydrolysate possesses an anti-oxidant activity by way of the action of the chelating effect.

Bioactive quinone derivatives from the marine brown alga <i>Sargassum thunbergii</i> induce anti‐adipogenic and pro‐osteoblastogenic activities

Kim, Jung‐,Ae,Karadeniz, Fatih,Ahn, Byul‐,Nim,Kwon, Myeong Sook,Mun, Ok‐,Ju,Bae, Min Joo,Seo, Youngwan,Kim, Mihyang,Lee, Sang‐,Hyeon,Kim, Yuck Yong,Mi‐,Soon, Jang,Kong, C John Wiley Sons, Ltd 2016 Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Vol.96 No.3

<P>BACKGROUND: Health problems related to the lack of bone formation are a major problem for ageing populations in the modern world. As a part of the ongoing trend to develop natural substances that attenuate bone loss in osteoporosis, the effects of the edible brown alga Sargassum thunbergii and its active contents on adipogenic differentiation in 3T3-L1 fibroblasts and osteoblast differentiation inMC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts were evaluated. RESULTS: Treatment with S. thunbergii significantly reduced lipid accumulation and expression of adipogenic differentiation markers such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma , CCAAT/enhancer- binding protein.. and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c. In addition, S. thunbergii successfully enhanced osteoblast differentiation as indicated by increased alkaline phosphatase activity along raised levels of osteoblastogenesis indicators, namely bone morphogenetic protein-2, osteocalcin and collagen type I. Two compounds, sargaquinoic and sargahydroquinoic acid, were isolated fromactive extract and shown to be active by means of osteogenesis inducement. CONCLUSION: S. thunbergii could be a source for functional food ingredients for improved treatment of osteoporosis and obesity. (C) 2015 Society of Chemical Industry</P>

Isolation of Tetraprenyltoluquinols from the Brown Alga <i>Sargassum thunbergii</i>

Seo, Youngwan,Park, Ki Eui,Kim, You Ah,Lee, Hee-Jung,Yoo, Jong-Su,Ahn, Jong-Woong,Lee, Burm-Jong The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2006 Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.54 No.12

<P>Thunbergols A (4) and B (5), tetraprenyltoluquinols, along with three known compounds (1—3) have been isolated from the brown alga <I>Sargassum thunbergii</I>. The structures of these two new compounds were determined to be 9-(3,4-dihydro-2,8-dimethyl-6-hydroxy-2<I>H</I>-1-benzopyran-2-yl)-6-methyl-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-(2<I>E</I>,6<I>E</I>)-nonadienoic acid (4) and 10-(2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-7-methyl-1-benzofuran-2-yl)-10-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-(2<I>E</I>,6<I>E</I>)-undecadienoic acid (5), respectively, by combined spectroscopic methods. Both of them exhibited significant scavenging activities on radical and potently inhibited generation of ONOO<SUP>−</SUP> from morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1).</P>

Melanogenesis Inhibition Effect of Sargassum thunbergii

( Dong-wook Kim ),( Hee-guk Byun ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2017 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.22 No.4

Whitening activity of Sargassum thunbergii (S. thunbergii) collected from cost of Sacheonjin beach, Gangneung, South Korea were determined by measuring tyrosinase inhibitory and melanin formation inhibitory effects. Among them, EtOAc fraction of S. thunbergii extract exhibited strong tyrosinase inhibitory and melanin formation inhibitory activities. The EtOAc fraction was separated by Sephadex LH-20, solid phase extraction column, thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Finally, purified fraction, F6-S-F1 evidenced more potent tyrosinase inhibitory effect with an IC₅₀ value of 55 μg/mL than ascorbic acid (IC₅₀ value = 1.75 mg/mL) as a positive control. Lineweaver-Burk plots suggest that F6-S-F1 acts as a noncompetitive inhibitor against tyrosinase. Melanin formation inhibitory effect of F6-S-F1 was evaluated in B16F10 melanoma cells and F6-S-F1 suppressed both transcriptional and translational expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and -2, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). Our studies support that F6-S-F1 might prove useful as a novel inhibitor of melanogenesis for skin-whitening material.

마산만 조간대에 서식하는 해조류 군집의 종조성 및 분포 패턴

곽석남,허성회 해양환경안전학회 2009 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.15 No.3

마산만 조간대에서 서식하는 해조류 군집의 종조성 및 분포패턴을 2007년도에 계절별로 조사하였다. 조사기간 동안 총 42종의 해조류가 서식하였으며, 이 중 녹조류 5종, 갈조류 8종, 그리고 홍조류가 29종으로 나타났다. 우점종은 Enteromorpha linza, Ulva pertusa, Sargassum thunbergii, Gelidium amansii, G. divaricatum, Corallina pilulifera, Gracilaria textorii, 그리고 Polysiphonia morrowii으로 나타났다. 특히 우점종들은 수직분포가 뚜렷하였는데, 조간대 상부에는 U. pertusa, G. divaricatum가, 중부에는 E. intestinalis, E. linza, S. thunbergii, G. divaricatum이 우점하였다. 한편 하부에는 U. pertusa, Undaria pinnatifida, S. thunbergii, G. amansii, G. divaricatum, C. pilulifera이 주로 출현하였다. 조사기간 동안 출현한 출현종수는 계절 및 정점에 따라 변하였다. 겨울에 가장 많은 38종이 출현하였으며, 가을에는 28종으로 가장 적었다. 정점별로는 정점 4, 6에서 가장 많았으며, 정점 1, 2에서 가장 낮게 나타났다. 해조류 군집의 공간적 분포를 파악하기 위한 군집분석을 이용한 수지도 및 MDS 분석 결과에서는 해조류의 종조성 및 현존량이 각 정점의 지형적인 차이 및 조류, 해수의 움직임과 같은 물리해양학적인 특징에 의한 것으로 나타났다. The species composition and distributional patterns in marine benthic algae at intertidal zone in Masan Bay were investigated seasonally throughout 2007. A total of 42 species, 5 Chlorophyta 8 Phaeophyta and 29 Rhodophyta were recorded, and dominant species were Enteromorpha linza, Ulva pertusa, Sargassum thunbergii, Gelidium amansii, G. divaricatum, Corallina pilulifera, Gracilaria textorii, and Polysiphonia morrowii during study periods. Especially the vertical distribution of dominant algal species was remarkable: U. pertusa and G. divaricatum were dominated in the upper part, E. intestinalis, E. linza, S. thunbergii and G. divaricatum were in the middle part, and U. pertusa, Undaria pinnatiffda, S. thunbergii, G. amansii, G. divaricatum and C. pilulifera mainly occurred in the low part of tidal zone. The numbers of species were different with seasons and stations; Higher number of species was 38 species in winter, whereas 28 species were the lowest in fall. The number of species was higher at stations 4 and 6 Mile the lower value was at stations 1 and 2 than other stations. The spatial distributional patterns of marine benthic algal composition at each station in dendrogram and MDS ordination were due to the differences of local topography and physical characteristics such as currents and water movements.

Melanogenesis Inhibition Effect of Sargassum thunbergii

김동욱,변희국 한국키틴키토산학회 2017 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.22 No.4

Whitening activity of Sargassum thunbergii (S. thunbergii) collected from cost of Sacheonjin beach, Gangneung, South Korea were determined by measuring tyrosinase inhibitory and melanin formation inhibitory effects. Among them, EtOAc fraction of S. thunbergii extract exhibited strong tyrosinase inhibitory and melanin formation inhibitory activities. The EtOAc fraction was separated by Sephadex LH-20, solid phase extraction column, thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Finally, purified fraction, F6-S-F1 evidenced more potent tyrosinase inhibitory effect with an IC50 value of 55 μg/mL than ascorbic acid (IC50 value = 1.75 mg/mL) as a positive control. Lineweaver-Burk plots suggest that F6-S-F1 acts as a noncompetitive inhibitor against tyrosinase. Melanin formation inhibitory effect of F6-S-F1 was evaluated in B16F10 melanoma cells and F6-S-F1 suppressed both transcriptional and translational expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and -2, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). Our studies support that F6-S-F1 might prove useful as a novel inhibitor of melanogenesis for skin-whitening material.

Isolation of a New Chromene from the Brown Alga Sargassum thunbergii

Youngwan Seo*,Ki Eui Park,Taek Jeong Nam 대한화학회 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.10

한국 연안산 지충이(Sargassum thunbergii)의 생태

서지오,박형섭,정원기,김남길 한국수산과학회 2023 한국수산과학회지 Vol.56 No.5

This study was conducted bimonthly from February to December 2021 to reveal the ecology of Sargassum thunbergii in the intertidal zone along the coasts of Korea. Separate surveys on the period of embryo formation were conducted from February 2021 to December 2022. The growth of S. thunbergii began to increase in February, reached a maximum in June, and was at a minimum in October. Air vesicles were formed from February to June, April to August, and February to August on the east, west, and south coasts, respectively. Receptacles were observed from April to June on the east coast, but from April to August on the west and south coasts. The earliest release of embryos was observed in late May 2022 on the south coast, followed by early June on the east and west coasts. The average size of leaves, stems, and air vesicles was maximum on the east coast and minimum on the west coast, whereas leaf and internode intervals were maximum on the west coast and minimum on the east coast. Plant length, biomass, and the number of branches showed maximum values in the south coast and minimum values in the east coast.