피로자각증상(疲勞自覺症狀)과 타액(唾液) pH에 관(關)한 조사연구(調査硏究) - 특수학교(特殊學校) 및 국민학교(國民學校) 교사군간(敎師群間)의 비교(比較) -

이순자,김두희,Lee, Soon-Ja,Kim, Doo-Hie 대한예방의학회 1989 예방의학회지 Vol.22 No.4

정신적 작업과 육체적 작업을 겸하고 있는 특수학교 교사 250명과 초등교사 교사 414명을 대상으로 이들이 호소하는 피로자각 증상 호소율을 비교하고 타액 pH 변화와의 관련성을 보기 위하여 1989년 4월 21일 금요일 퇴근하기 30분전에 신체적, 정신적, 신경 감각적 증상 호소율과 타액 pH를 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 타액 pH와 피로자각 증상과의 상관성은 신체적 증상 및 신경감각적 증상과 통계학적인 유의한 역상관성을 보였다(p<0.01). 피로 자각증상의 호소율은 특수교사군이 초등교사군보다 대체로 높았으며 정신적 항목의 호소율은 특수교사군이 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 타액 pH도 특수교사군에서 대체로 낮게 나타났다. 자각증상 호소율의 우세형은 초등교사군이 신체적>신경감각적>정신적형으로 나타났고, 특수친사군은 신체적>정신적>신경감각적 형으로 나타났다. 각 문항별 호소율은 대체로 특수교사군이 높았으며 정신적 증상항목에서 유의한 차이를 보인 항목이 가장 많았다. 타액 pH의 문항별 증상 호소 유무에 따라 증상을 호소한 군이 비호소군 보다 대체로 낮은 타액 pH값을 보였다. 성별 자각증상 호소율은 남, 여 모두 특수교사군이 높았으며 타액 pH도 낮았다. 특히 여자군의 정신적 증상 호소율은 특수교사군이 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 연령군별로는 30-39세군에서 정신적 증상 호소율은 특수교사군이 29.3%로 초등교사군의 15.1%보다 유의하게 높았으며 타액 pH도 유의하게 낮았으며(p<0.05), 신체적 증상 호소율은 40-49세 군에서 특수교사군이 오히려 초등교사군 보다 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 근무 경력별로는 14년 이하군에서는 특수교사군이, 15년 이상군에서는 초등교사군이 대체로 높은 호소율을 보였으며 10-14년군에서는 정신적 증상 호소율이 특수교사군에서 유의하게 높았으며(p<0.05), 타액 pH는 모든 경력군에서 특수교사군이 낮게 나타났다. 설문지 작성 전날 수면시간별로 보면 7시간 이상 잠잔군의 정신적 증상 호소율이 특수교사군에서 유의하게 높았고(p<0.05), 타액 pH는 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05). 결혼상태별, 병력(病歷)유무별 특수교사군과 초등교사군의 피로자각 증상 호소율은 특수교사군이 모두 높았으며, 타액 pH는 낮았다. 이상의 결과로 보아 특수교사군이 대체로 높은 피로자각 증상 호소율과 낯은 타액 pH를 보였으며, 특히 정신적 증상 항목에서 특수교사군의 호소율이 높게 나타나 특수학교 교사의 정신적 피로 축적방지를 위한 여가활용 방법, 휴식시설 등의 개선과 대책이 강구되어야 할 것으로 생각되며, 피로도와 타액 pH와는 어느 정도 상관성을 보이고 있어 생리적인 면을 고려한 이에 대한 계속적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 여겨진다. Two hundred and fifty teachers of special school (for the disabled) and 414 elementary school teachers were selected for the targets in order to compare their degrees of fatigue symptoms and to find what kind of ralationship is between subjective symptoms of fatigue and pH is the saliva. It was 30 minutes before their closing hours on April 21th, 1989 that their physical, mental and neuro-sensory symptoms and salivary pH were examined. The test results are summarized as fallows : It is observed that an interrelation between subjective fatigue and pH in their saliva shows a significant relationship between physical and neuro-sensory symptoms in a sense of statistics. The rate of subjective fatigue complained by the special teachers is higher than that by the elementary teachers. In the case of salivary pH, the special teachers' is as a whole lower than the elementary teachers'. The complain rates in each item, checked, of special teachers are generally higher than those of the elementary teachers. It is in the mental symptom related item that there are many sub-items which show significant difference. According to the average of salivary pH based on the degrees of complained symptoms shown in the pH related items, the salivary pH of the group with complained symptoms is lower than that of the group without complained symptoms. In the rate of complaints, by sex, both sexes of the special teachers show high ones, but salivary pH is low. The complain rate of mental symptoms shown by female group from the special teacher Is significantly higher(p<0.05). By age, the group in their thirties from the special teachers show the higher complain rate of mental symptoms (29.3%) and the lower salivary pH (p<0.05) than that (15.1%) of the elementary teachers belonging to the same age catagory. However, the special teachers in their forties show the lower complain rate of physical symptoms that of the elementary teachers (p<0.05). From the viewpoint of their working years, the special teachers below 14 years and elementary teachers above 15 years in their career show high complain rates. Among those who belong to the catagory of 10-14 working years, the special teachers show the higher complain rate of mental symptoms than that of their counterparts. In the case of the salivary pH, the special teachers of all working-year catagories show the higher pH than that of the elementary teachers. But there is not significantly difference. From the viewpoint of sleeping hours in the previous night of the questionaire surveyed, among those who slept for over 7 hours, the special teachers show the higher complain rate of mental symptoms with a significant difference, but the lower salivary pH than that of their counterparts. From the viewpoint of their marital status, existence of disease history, the special teachers show the higher complain rate of subjective fatigue, but the lower salivary pH than that of the elementary teachers respectively. According to the above results, the special teachers generally show the higher complain rate of subjective fatigue, the lower salivary pH, and the higher complain rate of mental symptoms. To prevent the possible accumulation of mental fatigue of the special teachers, ways and means to make use of leisure time, recreational facilities are necessarily provided. Since the degree of fatigue and salivary pH have a correlation to some extent, it is necessary that further continuous studies on the correlation between the degrees of fatigue and salivary pH should be pursued.

노인의 전신질환과 타액분비량, 타액의 pH와의 관계

오지영,박단비,김혜진 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2019 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.9 No.4

본 연구는 부산시에 거주하고 있는 만 65세 이상 노인을 대상으로 전신질환과 타액분비량, 타액 pH의 관계에 대하여 알아보고자 2018년 3월 14일부터 2018년 4월 24일까지 실시되었으며 연구대상은 65명 이였다. 설문지를 통한 전신질환 유무와 자극성 spitting법을 이용하여 자극성 타액분비량, pH test strip을 이용하여 타액 pH를 측정하였다. 대상자들의 전신질환 여부를 확인하기 위해 전신질환을 14개로 분류하여 조사하였는데 총 대상자 65명 중 고혈압이 35명(53.8%), 골다공증이 21명(32.3%), 위장장애가 15명(23.1%), 당뇨 13명(20%), 심혈관질환 11명(16.9%) 순으로 나타났다. 전신질환과 약물 복용을 하는 경우 타액분비량이 적은 것으로 나타났고, 연령에 따라 비교하였을 때 연령이 높아질수록 타액분비량이 적은 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 경로당이나 노인대학 등에 방문하는 소․대규모 노인 그룹 대상으로 구강보건교육을 통한 올바른 지식을 전달할 수 있는 프로그램이 정기적으로 운영되어 져야 하며 특히, 전신질환과 다양한 약물복용으로 인해 구강건조감을 느낄 수 있다는 것과 구강건강관리를 통한 구강 내·외 합병증을 감소시켜 건강한 삶을 유지할 수 있는 기반이 될 수 있을 것으로 여겨진다. This study was carried out from March 14, 2018 to April 24, 2018 to investigate the relationship between systemic diseases, saliva secretion and saliva pH in elderly people aged 65 years or older in Busan. The subjects were 65 People. The saliva pH was measured using the irritative saliva secretion amount and the pH test strip using the questionnaire with or without systemic irritation spitting. In order to confirm the systemic disease of the subjects, 14 cases of systemic diseases were investigated. Thirty five patients (53.8%) were hypertensive, 21 patients (32.3%) were osteoporosis, 15 patients (23.1%) were gastrointestinal disorders, 13 patients (20%) with diabetes, and 11 patients with cardiovascular disease (16.9%). The amount of saliva secretion was small in patients taking systemic diseases and medication, and saliva was less in saliva when age was compared. In conclusion, a program that can deliver the right knowledge through oral health education to a small, large group of elderly people visiting a hospital or an elderly university should be operated regularly. In particular, a feeling of oral dryness can be felt due to systemic diseases and various medications And oral health care to reduce the oral and external complications, it can be a base to maintain a healthy life.

에센셜 오일 가글링이 미취학 아동의 구강건강에 미치는 효과

손희정(Hee-Jung SON) 한국상담심리교육복지학회 2014 상담심리교육복지 Vol.1 No.2

본 연구는 스피어민트, 레몬, 티트리 오일을 이용한 에센셜 오일 가글링이 미취학 아동의 타액 pH, 설태, 치면세균막에 미치는 효과를 분석하고자 하였으며, 미취학 아동을 대상으로 한 유사 실험 연구이다. 본 연구의 결과를 보면 사전조사에서 타액의 pH, 설태, 치면세균막 지수는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 실험 처치 후에는 실험군의 타액의 pH가 대조군에 비해 높았고, 치면세균막 지수는 실험군이 대조군보다 감소하였다. 하지만, 설태의 정도는 두 그룹간의 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과로 자가구강관리에 미숙한 미취학 아동에게 칫솔질 후 에센셜 오일 가글링을 추가로 해주는 것이 칫솔질만 하는 것보다 구강건강에 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of essential oil gargling on salivary pH, coated tongue, and dental plaque index in preschool children. It was an experimental study targeting preschool children. The results of this study were as follows. There were no significant differences in salivary pH, coated tongue index, and dental plaque index in pre-test; however, in salivary pH, the experimental group had increased in post-test. In dental plaque index, the experimental group had significantly decreased than control group in post-test. However, there were no significant differences between two groups in coated tongue index. Therefore, essential oil gargling is effective to improve on oral health in preschool children than just do the toothbrushing.

Caries-related Microbiological Screening in Children under Three Years of Age

Park, Jae-Hong,Lee, Keung-Ho 大韓小兒齒科學會 2003 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

3세 이하의 어린이에서 구강 내 미생물과 타액완충능이 치아우식증과의 관련성을 알아보았다. 87명의 어린이를 실험대상으로 하여 치태와 자극성타액을 각각 면봉과 면구를 이용하여 채취하였다. 0.94%의 lactic acid를 타액 표본에 첨가하기 전과 후의 pH를 각각 측정하였고 타액표본을 순차적으로 희석하여 선택배지와 비선택배지에 접종하였다. Mutans streptococci (MS), lactobacilli (LB), total viable count (TVC)의 집락수와 타액의 pH와 완충능을 어린이의 치아우식과 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 자극성타액과 치태 모두에서 MS 와 LB 가 치아우식증과 높은 통계학적 유의성을 보였다. 2. 치아우식의 발생을 예측할 수 있는 미생물의 집락수는 다음과 같았다. 1) 자극성타액 1 ml 당 MS 집락수가 10^5 이상 2) 치태 1 ml 당 MS 집락수가 2×10^5 이상 3) 자극성타액 1 ml 당 LB 집락수가 10^3 이상 4) 치태 1 ml 당 LB 집락수가 10^3 이상 3. 타액의 pH와 완충능은 유아기우식증과 관련이 없었다. 4. MS 검사는 LB 검사 보다 높은 예측치 (predictive value)와 교차비 (odds ratio)를 보였다. 5. MS 집락수는 어린이에 있어서 치아우식 발생을 예측할 수 있는 가장 믿을만한 미생물학적 검사로 일반적인 세균배양법을 이용하거나 상품화된 검사기구를 이용하여 쉽게 임상에 적용할 수 있다. To evaluate microbial data and salivary measurements from clinically compatible, culture-based screening procedures employed with children younger than 36 months old. Plaque and stimulated saliva specimens were collected from 87 children. The pH of each saliva sample was measured before and after 0.94% lactic acid was added. Specimens were diluted and plated on selective media and non-selective media. Data collected were counts of mutans streptococci (MS) and lactobacilli (LB). In addition, total viable counts (TVC) of specimens, salivary pH and buffering capacity were also assessed. Each variable was compared to caries status of subjects. According to this study, the results were as followed: 1. Highly significant correlation with caries rates were found for counts of MS and LB. 2. The specific counts/ml saliva of plaque above which caries is predicted, or below which caries is not predicted were as follows: 1) Saliva MS; 10^5 2) Plaque MS; 2×10^5 3) Saliva LB; 10^3 4) Plaque LB; 10^3 3. Salivary pH and buffering capacity versus caries status were significant. 4. Microbial screening methods based on mutans streptococci had higher predictive values and odds ratios than methods for lactobacilli. 5. MS counts were clearly the best indicators of caries status in young children. This measurement can easily be obtained in a dental clinical setting both by conventional culture techniques, or commercial kits for MS recovery.

Amylase가 Hydroxyapatite 탈회에 미치는 영향

서정택,이인환,최병재,이종갑 大韓小兒齒科學會 1998 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.25 No.2

Salivary proteins which are produced in the saliary acinar cells have been known to be involved in the Calcium and phosphate metabolism. The acquired pellicle resulting from such metabolism is considered as a secondary defence membrane against tooth caries. In this respect, some proteins included in saliva probably play an important role in the prevention of demineralization in enamel. On the other hand, fluoride has long been known to prevent the demineralization of enamel by the inhibition of the growth of Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) and by the chemical reaction with calcium and phosphate. therefore, I have examined the roles of amylase and albumin in the demineralization of enamel and compared these preteins with fluoride in terms of anticariogenic effect. 1. The demineralization caused by S. mutans occurred slowly and progressively for the first 60 min, then the rate of demineralization was accelerated afterwards. 2. pH decreased continuously during the entire period of each experiment. 3. the demineralization was significantly inhibited by the preteatment of amylase and fluoride but albumin had little effect on it. 4. An addition of 0.1 mM lactic acid (final concentration 0.1μM) caused a rapid increase in calcium concentration reaching a mazimum within 10 min. 5. pH decreased rapidly by the addition of 0.1mM lactic acid and reached a minimum within a few seconds followed by an increase in pH. pH reaced a plateu with 10 min. 6. Fluoride, amylase and albumin played little role in the 0.1 mM lactic acid-induced demineralization. 7. A slow infusion of 0.1 M lactic acid at a rate of 5 ㎕/min caused a slower increased I calcium concentration compared with the bolus addition of lactic acid. 8. Fluoride had an inhibitory effect on the calcium release caused by slow infusion of lactic acid while amylase and albumin had no effect on it. These results suggest that fluoride inhibits demineralization by protecting the HA from the acid attack whereas amylase has a direct effect on S. mutans to prevent demineralization.

혈액종양환자의 타액과 치아우식활성도 평가

김형준 ( Hyeoung Joon Kim ),정경이 ( Kyung Yi Jeong ),박지일 ( Ji Il Park ) 한국치위생학회 2013 한국치위생학회지 Vol.13 No.3

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the salivary secretion, salivary pH and cariogenic activity using unstimulated whole saliva in patients with hematologic malignancy. Methods : Nineteen patients (9 male, 10 female) who had hematologic malignancy and were treated with chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation, and nineteen normal volunteers (7 male, 12 female) as control group were included. The mean age of patients group and control group was 45.1 and 46.7 years, respectively. Patients group was examined salivary secretion, salivary pH, and cariogenic activity using unstimulated whole saliva and was compared with control group. Results : In comparison with control group, salivary secretion, salivary pH and salivary buffer capacity were significantly lower in patients with hematologic malignancy (p<0.01). Both cariogenic activity(p<0.01) and the number of Lactobacilli(p<0.05) are higher in patients group than control group. Conclusions : These results suggest that the unstimulated whole salivary secretion, pH and buffer capacity were lower in patients with hematologic malignancy than control group. Cariogenic activity is higher in patients with hematologic malignancy than control group. Such salivary factor and cariogenic activity can increase the possibility of induction of dental caries.

Salivary Parameters of Buffer Capacity, pH Saliva and pH Plaque Related to Dental Caries Activity in School Student

Risqa Rina Darwita,Peter Andreas 대한예방치과학회 2013 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.9 No.3

Objective: Dental caries is a major worldwide oral disease problem in children. Although caries are known to be influenced by dietary factors, the disease results from a bacterial infection; thus, caries susceptibility may be affected by environment factors such as saliva. This study aimed to determine a possible correlation between caries prevalence and caries risk markers that important factors for caries development in school children age 7-8 year in 5 areas of DKI Jakarta. Methods: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study which data were collected from 500 school children in DKI Jakarta age 7-8 years old who were received dental examination including dental caries was used score DMF-S, pH saliva, pH plaque and buffer capacity.The screening starts with simple clinical observations, expanding to a diversified pattern of tests to assess the un-stimulated buffer capacity, pH saliva and pH plaque. Results: The results show that the Mean±SD score DMF-Sof school children was 0.193±0.4015. While Mean±SD buffer capacity of un-stimulated saliva was 4.763±2.1628, the pH un-stimulated saliva 6.830±0.4991, the other result shows that pH plaque was 6.246±0.4094. There was significant correlation (R=0.229, p<0.0001) between score DMF-Sand buffer capacity, pH saliva and pH plaque. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the level of buffer capacity, pH saliva, and pH plaque are the importance of screening for caries risk markers.

The Effects of Subjective Xerostomia and Salivary pH in Salivary Glands Stimulated by Traditional Music Program in the Elderly

Ma Ryewon,Byun Ji Yoon 한국간호과학회 2021 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Aim(s): This study is a single group pretest-posttest design to determine the effect of salivary gland stimulation on oral dryness(xerostomia) and saliva pH in elderly people in facility through traditional music programs. The data was randomly collected from January 14 to February 27, 2021. Subjects were total 32 senior citizens aged 65 or older living in K-city, Gyeonggi-do province, who wish to participate in traditional music programs. Method(s): This study was conducted by participating 40 minutes of traditional music programs, using traditional instruments such as sogo and singing traditional folk songs once every four week and used questionnaires to check the degree of subjective xerostomia, and measured saliva pH using BCP test paper. The data analysis produced general characteristics, average and standard deviation, real number and percentages, and was analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, and paired t-test. Result(s): The study results demonstrate that oral dryness(xerostomia) was shown to have statistically significant implications with wearing dentures (p<.018), the number of natural teeth (p<.045) and saliva pH had statistically significant implications with the number of natural teeth (p<.002). In addition, oral dryness(xerostomia) of the subjects before and after intervention was decreased from 39.97±9.14 to 26.28±7.79 afterwards, resulting a statistically significant difference (t=5.59, p<.001). Conclusion(s): Salivary gland stimulation through traditional music programs improves oral function in the elderly, therefore this program is expected to improve the quality of life related to oral health in the physical, mental, and psychosocial areas of the elderly. It is also believed that oral movement activities such as singing folk songs will help improve oral function for frail elderly people in the community who are vulnerable in their daily lives

Cariogenic Activity in Saliva of Korean Head and Neck Cancer Patients

Hae-Soon Lim,Kyung-Yi Chung,Ae-Ok Kim,Mi-Ran Kim,Youn-Shin Kim,Mi-Sun Kang,Jeong-Won Hong,Ji-Yeon Jung,Ji-Il Park,Guem-Sug Lee KOREAN ACADAMY OF ORAL BIOLOGY 2014 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.39 No.2

The purpose of this study is to evaluate salivary flow rate,salivary pH, and cariogenic activity using unstimulatedsaliva of the head and neck cancer patients. Twenty threecancer patients (19 males, 4 females) who had undergonechemotherapy and radiation therapy and twenty four healthyvolunteers (14 males, 10 females) as a control were included. Salivary flow rate, salivary pH, and cariogenic activity usingunstimulated saliva were examined. Compared to saliva ofthe control group, salivary flow rate (p<0.001) and salivarypH (p<0.001) were significantly lower in head and neckcancer patients. The colony counts of Lactobacilli was higherin head and neck cancer patients (p<0.05) than in controlgroup. These salivary factors and cariogenic activity canincrease the prevalence of dental caries in head and neckcancer patients.

시점별 전문가 구강 관리가 요양병원 입원 환자들의 구강 건강 상태에 미치는 영향

장경애,김고은,허성은 한국구강보건과학회 2019 한국구강보건과학회지 Vol.7 No.3

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of professional oral care by time point on the oral health status of inpatients at the S Nursing Hospital in Busan. Methods: A dental hygienist visited to perform professional brushing and denture disinfection at the same time once a week for four weeks. Irritative saliva was collected before Week 1, during Week 2, and after Week 4 to evaluate the salivary flow rate, saliva pH, and risk of dental caries. Results: The results showed significant values in salivary flow rate (p<0.05), saliva pH (p<0.001), Streptococcus mutans (p<0.001), and Lactobacillus (p<0.01) at each time point. Conclusions: Professional oral care and oral health education should be conducted continuously and systematically on elderly patients admitted to nursing hospitals. Furthermore, it is expected to be used as primary data for establishing a direction and policies for oral health care among the elderly in society.