전립선비대증에서 경요도전립선절제술 후 결과 에측에 대한 잔뇨분수와 최대요속의 유용성

구자현,송윤섭,김민의,이남규,박영호 大韓泌尿器科學會 1999 Korean Journal of Urology Vol.40 No.12

하부요로증상의 회색지대에서 전립선 폐색 예측을 위한 잔뇨분수의 가치

구자현,이남규,박영호 순천향의학연구소 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.2

We determined whether residual fraction might be able to differentiate obstructive from no obstructive voiding dysfunction in gray zone of lower urinary tract symptom. A total of 47 patients (mean age plus or minus standard deviation 64.4 ± 7.1) with maximum flow rates between 10 and 15 ml. per second were received transurethral resection of the prostate and the duration of follow-up was ranged from 2 to 20 months (mean plus or minus standard deviation 9.7 ± 5.1). Uroflowmetry and post-void residual were measured before transurethral resection of the prostate during 2 studies. Residual fraction was defined as post-void residual divided by pre-micturition bladder volume multiplied by 100 and pre-micturition bladder volume was calculated by voided volume plus post-void residual. There was a significant correlation between the difference of pre-micturition bladder volume and that of post-void residual estimated during the first and second session (r = 0.736, p <0.001) and the intra-patient variation in residual fraction had significantly less than that in measurement of post-void residual (p <0.001). Residual fractions measured during the first and second session at baseline was inversely correlated with the increase in maximum flow rate, respectively (r = -0.401, p = 0.005, for the first session and r = -0.694, p <0.001, for the second session). Residual fraction can predict obstructive and no obstructive voiding dysfunction. Furthermore, It is simpler and less invasive than pressure-flow study and more reproducible than post-void residual measurement.

Residual Maximum Drawdown in the Korean Stock Market

Soo-Hyun Kim 한국자료분석학회 2020 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.22 No.3

Is there any predictability in the residuals from the pricing model? Does maximum drawdown contain unique information compared to other risk measures? We answer these questions through an empirical analysis of the South Korean stock market. The traditional pricing model calls the portion of the return that is not explained by the factors contained in the model residuals, and explains that the residuals have no information related to pricing. However, recently it has been demonstrated that the information extracted from the residuals has predictability power for the future returns. In this paper, the residuals are extracted based on the Korean stock market and the hypothetical residual-based price was generated in order to compute maximum drawdown. In our experiments, we compare the performances of residual maximum drawdown with those of residual volatility. Residual maximum drawdown exhibits clear predictability of both return and risk, while residual volatility is persistent only as a risk measure. The predictability of residual MDD remains significant for the risk-adjusted returns.

Non-equibiaxial residual stress evaluation methodology using simulated indentation behavior and machine learning

Seongin Moon,Minjae Choi,Seokmin Hong,Sung-Woo Kim,Minho Yoon Korean Nuclear Society 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.4

Measuring the residual stress in the components in nuclear power plants is crucial to their safety evaluation. The instrumented indentation technique is a minimally invasive approach that can be conveniently used to determine the residual stress in structural materials in service. Because the indentation behavior of a structure with residual stresses is closely related to the elastic-plastic behavior of the indented material, an accurate understanding of the elastic-plastic behavior of the material is essential for evaluation of the residual stresses in the structures. However, due to the analytical problems associated with solving the elastic-plastic behavior, empirical equations with limited applicability have been used. In the present study, the impact of the non-equibiaxial residual stress state on indentation behavior was investigated using finite element analysis. In addition, a new nonequibiaxial residual-stress prediction methodology is proposed using a convolutional neural network, and the performance was validated. A more accurate residual-stress measurement will be possible by applying the proposed residual-stress prediction methodology in the future.

Bayesian inference using generalized likelihood for non-traditional residuals

Elsevier 2019 ENGINEERING STRUCTURES Vol.188 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In structural engineering, Bayesian inference has been widely used to quantify uncertainties associated with modeling and measurement. Based on quantified uncertainties, predictions can be made in terms of the probability statement to consider predictive uncertainties for reliable decision-making. Traditionally, residual is assumed to be an independent and identically distributed Gaussian distribution with zero-mean and constant variance. In some situations, the traditional residual assumption cannot be adequate and their predictive capability for quantity of interest may be questionable. Although the residual assumption is important for quantifying the uncertainties in parameter estimation, there is little research for structural engineering to investigate influence of the non-traditional residuals to Bayesian inference. As an illustrative study, this study investigates influence of the non-traditional residuals in a concrete creep prediction. Without an adequate statistical representation of the observed residuals, the predictive performances over extrapolation are unreliable and inconsistent. To address the non-traditional residuals, this study introduces a generalized likelihood function. The generalized likelihood function can accommodate heteroscedasticity, temporal correlation and non-normality in observed residuals. By introducing the generalized likelihood function, the predictive performance over extrapolation can be significantly improved by satisfying with observed residual distribution.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> For structural engineering, Bayesian inference has been widely used. </LI> <LI> Traditionally, residual is assumed to be an <I>i.i.d.</I> Gaussian distribution. </LI> <LI> In some structural applications, traditional residual assumption is not adequa. </LI> <LI> As a result, predictive capability is doubtful to make reliable decisions. </LI> <LI> This study introduces a generalized likelihood to address non-traditional residuals. </LI> </UL> </P>

Thermally transferred emitting layer at low pressure for residual solvent-free organic light-emitting diodes

Yoon, Dai Geon,Kang, Kyung-Tae,Cho, Kwan Hyun Elsevier 2019 ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Vol.67 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We utilize thermal transfer technology to suggest a novel baking process for the emitting layer (EML) of residual-solvent-free organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). We deposited the EML onto an intermediate substrate using a conventional spin-coating process, after which the EML was transferred to the device by evaporating the EML through heating of the intermediate substrate. The EML films were fully transferred from an intermediate substrate to the target substrate at a temperature exceeding 350 °C under both a low vacuum of ∼10<SUP>−3</SUP> Torr and a high vacuum of ∼10<SUP>−6</SUP> Torr. The quantity of residual solvent was carefully investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis methods. While residual solvent peaks were found to exist 1.69 min after the beginning of the measurement process in the conventional spin-coating EML films despite the baking condition of 150 °C, solvent peaks were not observed in the EML films created with the novel baking process under conditions identical to those used in the GC-MS measurement. Moreover, according to the NMR analysis, the solvent peak of toluene at 2.3 ppm was not found in the thermally transferred EML films. Furthermore, we investigated the device performance capabilities between samples fabricated using the conventional baking process and those created with the novel thermal transfer process. In spite of low pressure of ∼10<SUP>−3</SUP> Torr, the current efficiency and the lifetime of the OLED device created via the thermal transfer process were enhanced owing to the elimination of the residual solvent.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The quantity of residual solvent in emitting layer was carefully investigated using GC-MS and NMR analysis methods. </LI> <LI> Through the conventional spin-coating and baking process, residual organic solvents could not be eliminated completely. </LI> <LI> The residual solvent was not detected in the thermal transferred-EML film fabricated by our novel baking process. </LI> <LI> Performance of OLED device created via the novel baking process was enhanced owing to the elimination of the residual solvent. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

살균제 Fludioxonil 및 Metconazole의 밀 부위별 잔류 양상

강자군 ( Ja-gun Kang ),황정인 ( Jeong-in Hwang ),이상협 ( Sang-hyeob Lee ),강민수 ( Min-su Kang ),정혜현 ( Hye-hyun Jung ),곽세연 ( Se-yeon Kwak ),류준상 ( Jun-sang Ryu ),홍성현 ( Seong-hyeon Hong ),박준홍 ( Jun-hong Park ),김장억 한국환경농학회 2016 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2016 No.-

Residual patterns of fungicides fludioxonil and metconazole applied on wheat with their safe use guidelines were investigated with consideration for their distribution rates in each compartment of wheat. The fungicides were 2 or 3 times sprayed on wheats at the interval of 7 days prior to harvest. Wheat samples collected at final harvest day were divided into three compartments such as grain, hull and straw, and the pesticide residue analysis was individually carried out to such compartments of wheat. The analytical methods of fungicide residues in wheat were acceptable, with recoveries of 84.3 to 113.3% and correlation coefficients of 0.1 to 4.7%. Due to the systemic characteristics, the residual amounts of metconazole in the grain part of wheat were greater as 0.11~0.29 mg/kg than those amounts (0.02~0.07 mg/kg) for fludioxonil, and these residual amounts of both fungicides exceeded their maximum residue limits. According to absolute residue amounts of the fungicides in one wheat plant, their distribution rates in each compartment of wheat were the highest in straws (66.7~70.7%), followed by hulls (29.0~32.5%) and grains (0.2~0.9%). Although the distribution rates of fludioxonil and metconazole in wheat were the lowest in the edible grain parts, their high distribution rates in hulls and straws, available as feeds for livestock, may result in safety problems by pesticide residues. Therefore, it is required to assess the residual characteristics of pesticides in individual compartments of crops in order to ensure the safety for either foods to human or feeds to livestock from their residues.

쌀 가공 중 buprofezin의 잔류 특성

조미현,임무혁 한국식품저장유통학회 2022 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.29 No.3

In this study, we aimed to analyze changes in the residual levels of buprofezin during milling, washing, cooking, and processing of rice to make porridge, rice cakes, and cookies. The pesticide residue levels in rice were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatograph with UV detector. The residual buprofezin level in brown rice was 21.8 mg/kg, and after milling, that in polished rice was 1.73 mg/kg, with elimination of 92.1% of the pesticide residue. The rate of reduction in buprofezin levels during brown rice washing was 21.6- 57.3%, and the residual level of buprofezin during polished rice washing decreased by 27.4-67.2%. When brown rice was cooked using an electric cooker and pressure cooker, buprofezin levels reduced by 51.7 and 55.5%, respectively. When washed polished rice was cooked using an electric cooker and pressure cooker, buprofezin levels reduced by 83.6 and 82.3%, respectively. When washed polished rice was soaked for 30 min and then cooked using an electric cooker and pressure cooker, buprofezin levels reduced by 87.1 and 88.0%, respectively. After processing polished rice into porridge, rice cakes, and cookies, the residue level of buprofezin decreased by 89.7, 82.0, and 79.4%, respectively, compared to the residual level in polished rice. In conclusion, various rice processing methods decrease the residue levels of buprofezin.

시금치에서 살충제 Etoxazole과 Cartap hydrochloride의 잔류양상

허예진 ( Ye-jin Heo ),곽세연 ( Se-yeon Kwak ),이상협 ( Sang-hyeob Lee ),이동주 ( Dong-ju Lee ),최재원 ( Jae-won Choi ),오지은 ( Ji-eun Oh ),김장억 ( Jang-eok Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2021 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2021 No.-

Pesticides help in increased yield of agricultural products by controlling pests, pathogens and weeds, but threaten food safety if used incorrectly. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the ‘safe use standards’ for pesticide application to allow pesticide residues be in safe limit. In this study, residual patterns of etoxazole and cartap hydrochloride were investigated in spinach. Etoxazole (10%, SC) and cartap hydrochloride (50%, SP) were diluted 4,000 and 1,000 times, respectively, and sprayed twice with 7 days interval at 21, 14, 10, 7, 3 and 0 days before harvest. Residual amounts of etoxazole and cartap hydrochloride were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The recovery test was conducted at two levels (0.01 and 0.1 mg/kg), and the recovery rate was 80.8~112.4% with the standard deviation of ≤ 5.8. For cartap hydrochloride, the residual amounts of nereistoxin were analyzed and converted to calculate total residue. The residue of etoxazole decreased from 1.39 mg/kg to 0.01 mg/kg with the reduction rate 99.3% at 21 days after application. On the other hand, cartap hydrochloride (including converted residual amount of nereistoxin) showed 71.3% reduction from 1.72 mg/kg to 0.49 mg/kg. Etoxazole decreased faster than cartap hydrochloride because cartap hydrochloride is converted to nereistoxin prior to decreasing. As each of the pesticides behaves differently in different plant matrics, it is important to know the residue pattern separately to ensure safe application. Hence, the findings of this study will help to establish the safe use standards for field application as well as MRLs for spinach for these two pesticides.

개선된 선형예측 잔여를 이용한 음성의 잔향음 제거

박찬섭,김기만,강석엽,Park, Chan-Sub,Kim, Ki-Man,Kang, Suk-Youb 한국정보통신학회 2007 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.11 No.10

배경 잡음과 실내 잔향음은 음성 인식 시스템 성능 저하의 주요 이유이다. 많은 알고리즘이 음성의 잔향음 제거를 위해 개발되었다. 이 논문에서는 실내 환경에서 수정된 선형 예측 잔여(Linear Prediction Residual)를 이용하여 음질 개선을 위한 잔향음 제거 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 잔향음 제거 방법은 음성에서 성문 경계의 순간에 발생한 성도(聲道)시스템의 중요한 여기에 기반한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법은 3개의 센서로부터 수집한 반향신호로 각 센서에서의 시간지연 정보를 사용한다. 새로운 선형 예측 잔여신호는 선형 예측 잔여의 가중치와 힐버트 변환으로 얻은, 개선된 선형 예측 잔여 조합을 사용한다. 코히런트하게 더해진 힐버트 포락선의 특징은 잡음과 반사로 인한 큰 진폭 피크를 가지는 것이다. 깨끗한 음성의 잔여는 개선된 음성을 얻는 시변전극 필터를 일으키는데 사용된다. 본 논문에서는 반향 환경에서 성능 분석을 위해 제안된 알고리즘의 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 제안된 알고리즘은 실내 잔향환경에서 기존의 알고리즘에 비해 반사된 음성의 품질 향상의 결과를 보였다. Background noise and room reverberation are two causes of degradation in speech in listening situations. Many algorithms developed to enhance reverberant speech. In this paper we propose a dereverberation method for enhancement of speech using modified the linear prediction(LP) residual in reverberant room condition. The proposed dereberberation method based on the fact that the signification excitation of the vocal tract system takes place at the instant of glottal closure in voiced speech. Our method used delay information form each sensor, and we need reverberant signals from 3 sensors. We obtain a new LP residual signal using modified IP residual combination which derived form weighting of the LP residual and the Hilbert transform of LP residual. The nature of the coherently added Hilbert envelop has several large amplitude spikes because of the effects of noise and reverberation. This residual of the clean speech is used to excite the time-varying all-pole filter to obtain the enhanced speech. We achieved simulation of proposed algorithm for performance analysis in reverberation environment. The proposed algorithm improves substantially the quality of reverberant speech.