Piezoelectric Properties of Rosen-type Piezoelectric Transformer Using 0.01Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.08Pb(Mn1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.91Pb(Zr0.505Ti0.495)O3 Ceramics

Hyeonkyu Joo,김인성,Jaesung Song,정순종,Minsoo Kim 한국물리학회 2010 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.56 No.1

The influences of the sintering temperature on the microstructures, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties of PNN-PMN-PZT ceramics and on the method for fabricating of high-power Rosen-type piezoelectric transformers were investigated. The basic composition of piezoelectric ceramics was ternary 0.01Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3 - 0.08Pb(Mn1/3Nb2/3)O3 - 0.91Pb(Zr0.505Ti0.495)O3 (abbreviated as PNN-PMN-PZT). The density and the microstructures, dielectric and piezoelectric properties as functions of the sintering temperature were investigated. The results indicated that the optimized properties of the ceramics were obtained at a sintering temperature of 1200 ℃: d33 = 273 pC/N,Kp = 0.60, Qm = 1585,∈r = 1454, density = 7.917 g/cm3 and tan∂ = 0.0064. Piezoelectric transformers were manufactured using the PNN-PMN-PZT ceramics. The voltage step-up ratio of the piezoelectric transformers showed maximum values near 81 kHz and increased with increasing load resistance. The piezoelectric transformers sintered at 1200 ℃also showed favorable characteristics with a higher step-up ratio and a lower temperature rise of 3.2 ℃at an output power of 5 W.

압전세라믹 연결방식에 따른 전력생산 평가 연구

권수안,이재준,문학룡,류승기 한국도로학회 2012 한국도로학회논문집 Vol.14 No.2

Natural disasters such as hurricanes, floods frequently occurs in the world. The cause of the natural disasters that occurs due to global warming because of increasing of global greenhouse gas emissions. To prevent the global warming, lots of researchers are studying renewable energy area. In order to protect grobal warming, government is trying to reduce green gas emissions under “Low Carbon Green Growth Policy”and investing climiate-friendly industries such as renewable energy harvesting. Research team is developing a renewable energy system that harvests mechanical energy imparted to road from driving vehicles and generates it into renewable electricity. This paper presents the research results of size effect of the piezoelectric ceramic and connection of piezoelectric ceramics. Power characteristics of piezoelectric ceramic as function of experimental variables were measured and analyzed. 세계각국에서 홍수, 태풍과 같은 자연재해가 많이 발생하고 있다. 이러한 자연재해가 발생하는 원인으로는 지구온실가스 배출 증가에 따른 지구온난화 현상 때문이다. 지구온난화를 막기 위해, 많은 연구진들이 신재생에너지에 대한 연구를 진행하고있다. 정부는 온실가스배출량을 감축하여 지구온난화를 막기위해“저탄소 녹색성장”의 국가정책 하에서 신재생에너지와 같은친환경적인 녹색산업에 많은 관심과 투자에 집중하고 있다. 연구팀들은 도로를 주행하는 차량으로부터 전달되는 역학전 에너지를 이용하여 신재생에너지를 생산하는 연구를 진행하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 압전세라믹의 크기와 연결방식에 따른 연구 결과를 나타내고 있다. 또한 실험변수에 따른 압전세라믹의 파워특성을 측정하여 분석을 하였다.

알칼리계 무연 압전 세라믹과 에폭시 복합소재의 유전 및 압전 특성

윤창호,러득탕,허대준,안경관,이재신,Yoon, Chang-Ho,Le, Duc Thang,Heo, Dae-Jun,Ahn, Kyoung-Kwan,Lee, Jae-Shin 한국전기전자재료학회 2012 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.25 No.6

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramic/epoxy composites with '0-3' connectivity were prepared by cold-pressing with a temperature controlled curing method. A ceramic powder with a composition of $(Na_{0.51}K_{0.47}Li_{0.02})(Nb_{0.8}Ta_{0.2})O_3$ was synthesized by a conventional solid state reaction route. The dielectric and piezoelectric properties of ceramic/epoxy composites were characterized as a function of the volume fraction (${\phi}$) of piezoelectric ceramics, which was varied from 70 to 95 vol%. The results indicated that the piezoelectric properties of composites were significantly affected by the volume fraction of ceramics. In terms of the piezoelectric properties, specimens showed the best performance at ${\phi}$= 85 vol%, resulting in the piezoelectric constant $d_{33}$ of 39 pC/N and the figure of merit as a piezoelectric energy harvester ($d_{33}{\cdot}g_{33}$) of 1.24 $pm^2/N$.

Review of Sintering Technologies, Structural Characteristics, and Piezoelectric Properties of NKN-Based Lead-Free Ceramics

이태곤,남산 한국전기전자재료학회 2019 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.20 No.5

The (Na 1−x K x )NbO 3 -based (NKN-based) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics have been extensively investigated from the beginning of this century to replace the Pb(Zr 1−x Ti x )O 3 -based piezoelectric ceramics. The sintering of the NKN-based ceramics is diffi cult because they are soluble in water, and Na 2 O evaporation, which degrades the piezoelectric properties of the specimen, occurs during sintering. CuO was used as a sintering aid to improve the sinterability and to reduce the sintering temperature of the NKN ceramics. The NKN-based ceramics with various polymorphic phase boundary (PPB) structures such as orthorhombic–tetragonal PPB, rhombohedral–orthorhombic PPB, and rhombohedral–tetragonal PPB structures were developed to enhance the piezoelectric properties. The specimen with the rhombohedral–tetragonal PPB structure has been reported to show excellent piezoelectric properties. Recently, NKN-based ceramics with various pseudocubic-based PPB structures were reported, and they exhibited enhanced piezoelectric properties with good thermal stability. In this manuscript, the sintering of NKN-based ceramics and the various PPB structures developed for improving their piezoelectric properties are discussed in detail.

합성방법과 소결 온도가 PZNN-PZT 압전 세라믹스 소재특성에 미치는 영향

김소원,정용정,이희철,Kim, So Won,Jeong, Yong Jeong,Lee, Hee Chul 한국분말재료학회 (*구 분말야금학회) 2018 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.25 No.6

The impact of different mixing methods and sintering temperatures on the microstructure and piezoelectric properties of PZNN-PZT ceramics is investigated. To improve the sinterability and piezoelectric properties of these ceramics, the composition of $0.13Pb((Zn_{0.8}Ni_{0.2})_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3-0.87Pb(Zr_{0.5}Ti_{0.5})O_3$ (PZNN-PZT) containing a Pb-based relaxor component is selected. Two methods are used to create the powder for the PZNN-PZT ceramics. The first involves blending all source powders at once, followed by calcination. The second involves the preferential creation of columbite as a precursor, by reacting NiO with $Nb_2O_5$ powder. Subsequently, PZNN-PZT powder can be prepared by mixing the columbite powder, PbO, and other components, followed by an additional calcination step. All the PZNN-PZT powder samples in this study show a nearly-pure perovskite phase. High-density PZNN-PZT ceramics can be fabricated using powders prepared by a two-step calcination process, with the addition of 0.3 wt% MnO2 at even relatively low sintering temperatures from $800^{\circ}C$ to $1000^{\circ}C$. The grain size of the ceramics at sintering temperatures above $900^{\circ}C$ is increased to approximately $3{\mu}m$. The optimized PZNN-PZT piezoelectric ceramics show a piezoelectric constant ($d_{33}$) of 360 pC/N, an electromechanical coupling factor ($k_p$) of 0.61, and a quality factor ($Q_m$) of 275.

Fe₂O₃첨가에 따른 (Na,K,Li)(Nb,Sb,Ta)O₃계 세라믹스의 압전 및 유전 특성

이광민,신상훈,류주현,Lee, Gwang-Min,Shin, Sang-Hoon,Yoo, Ju-Hyun 한국전기전자재료학회 2014 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.27 No.9

In this paper, in order to develop outstanding Pb-free composition ceramics, the $Fe_2O_3$-doped ($Na_{0.525}K_{0.443}Li_{0.037}$)($Nb_{0.883}Sb_{0.08}Ta_{0.037}$)$O_3$ + 0.3 wt% $Bi_2O_3$ + x wt% $Fe_2O_3$ (x= 0~1.0 wt%)(abbreviated as NKL-NST) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics have been synthesized using the ordinary solid state reaction method. The effect of $Fe_2O_3$-doping on their microstructure and electrical properties were investigated. XRD diffraction pattern studies confirm that $Fe_2O_3$ completely diffused into the NKL-NST lattice to form a new stable soild solution with $Fe^{3+}$ entering the $Nb^{5+}$, $Sb^{5+}$ and $Ta^{5+}$ of B-site. And, phase structure of all the ceramics exhibited pure perovskite phase and no secondary phase was found in the ceramics. The ceramics doped with 0.6 wt% $Fe_2O_3$ have the optimum values of piezoelectric constant($d_{33}$), planar piezoelectric coupling coefficient($k_p$) and mechanical quality factor($Q_m$) : $d_{33}$ = 233 [pC/N], $k_p$= 0.44, $Q_m$= 95. These results indicate that the ($Na_{0.525}K_{0.443}Li_{0.037}$)($Nb_{0.883}Sb_{0.08}Ta_{0.037}$)$O_3$ +0.3 wt% $Bi_2O_3$ + 0.6 wt% $Fe_2O_3$ ceramic is a promising candidate for lead-free piezoelectric ceramics.

Piezoelectric and dielectric properties of low temperature sintering (Na_0.52K_0.443Li_0.037)(Nb_0.883Sb_0.08Ta_0.037)O₃ ceramics substituted with (Sr_0.95Ca_0.05)

Shin, Sang-Hoon,Ra, Cheol-Min,Yoo, Juhyun North-Holland 2016 Materials letters Vol.178 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this work, in order to develop lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with excellent dielectric and piezoelectric properties, (1−x)(Na<SUB>0.52</SUB>K<SUB>0.443</SUB>Li<SUB>0.037</SUB>)(Nb<SUB>0.883</SUB>Sb<SUB>0.08</SUB>Ta<SUB>0.037</SUB>)O<SUB>3</SUB>+x(Sr<SUB>0.95</SUB>Ca<SUB>0.05</SUB>)TiO<SUB>3</SUB> ceramics were fabricated as a function of (Sr, Ca)TiO<SUB>3</SUB> substitution using a conventional mixed oxide method. The microstructure, dielectric and piezoelectric properties were systematically investigated as a function of amount of the (Sr, Ca)TiO<SUB>3</SUB> substitution. A morphotropic phase boundary(MPB) between orthorhombic and tetragonal ferroelectric phases has been identified in the composition range of 0.005<x<0.01. At the low sintering temperature of 1020°C, the optimum values of piezoelectric constant(d<SUB>33</SUB>)=310pC/N, planar piezoelectric coupling coefficient(k<SUB>p</SUB>)=0.44, mechanical quality factor (Q<SUB>m</SUB>)=98 and dielectric constant(ε<SUB>r</SUB>)=1687, were obtained from the ceramics substituted with x=0.01, respectively.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Pb-free ceramics with low temperature sintering (≤1020°C) was developed. </LI> <LI> We investigated the effects of (Sr<SUB>0.95</SUB>Ca<SUB>0.05</SUB>)TiO<SUB>3</SUB> substitution on the NKL-NSTO<SUB>3</SUB> ceramics. </LI> <LI> The NKL-NSTO<SUB>3</SUB> ceramics with 0.005<x (=(Sr<SUB>0.95</SUB>Ca<SUB>0.05</SUB>)TiO<SUB>3</SUB> )<0.01 showed a coexistence of two phases. </LI> <LI> The d<SUB>33</SUB>=310pC/N and k<SUB>p</SUB>=0.44 were obtained from the ceramics with x=0.01. </LI> </UL> </P>

Piezoelectric activities and domain patterns of orthorhombic Ba(Zr,Ti)O3 ceramics

P. Zheng,K.X. Song,H.B. Qin,L. Zheng,L.M. Zheng 한국물리학회 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.6

Ba(ZrxTi1-x)O3 (0.025 ≤ x ≤ 0.065) ceramics were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method. Crystalline structures were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. It was shown that all the Ba(ZrxTi1-x)O3(0.025 ≤ x ≤ 0.065) ceramics were of orthorhombic phase at room temperature. Piezoelectric activities and domain patterns were investigated and compared with those of BaTiO3 ceramic. All the Ba(ZrxTi1-x)O3 ceramics showed nearly the same d33 values of about 265 pC/N and the same domain width of about 220 nm. By comparing the grain sizes and domain width of the Ba(ZrxTi1-x)O3 ceramics with those of BaTiO3 ceramic, it is speculated that the variation of domain width with grain sizes in orthorhombic Ba(ZrxTi1-x)O3 ceramics may be different with that in tetragonal BaTiO3 ceramic. Besides domain width,the effective inertia mass of domain wall is also considered to be a very important factor that impacts the piezoelectric activities of the Ba(ZrxTi1-x)O3 ceramics.

Optimized piezoelectric and structural properties of (Bi,Na)TiO₃-(Bi,K)TiO₃ ceramics for energy harvester applications

Lee, G.,Shin, D.J.,Kwon, Y.H.,Jeong, S.J.,Koh, J.H. Ceramurgica ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL Vol.42 No.13

We investigated (1-x)(Bi,Na)TiO<SUB>3</SUB>-x(Bi,K)TiO<SUB>3</SUB> (x=0, 0.14, 0.16, 0.18, 0.20, and 0.22) compositions of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics for potential energy harvester applications. Composition and sintering temperature of (1-x)(Bi,Na)TiO<SUB>3</SUB>-x(Bi,K)TiO<SUB>3</SUB> were varied to extract the optimized processing temperature with each composition. We compared and analyzed sintering temperature-dependent surface morphologies and electrical properties. Maximum piezoelectric charge constant of 180pC/N were obtained from the 0.8(Bi,Na)TiO<SUB>3</SUB>-0.2(Bi,K)TiO<SUB>3</SUB>composition at the sintering temperature of 1180<SUP>o</SUP>C. Temperature dependent dielectric permittivity was measured to know the phase transition. We corresponded two different anomaly peaks, observed at 84 and 290<SUP>o</SUP>C, as the rhombohedral-tetragonal and tetragonal-cubic phase transitions, respectively. Due to these phase transitions, different shapes of polarization-electric field loops (P-E loops) were measured and compared. Finally, output power of 42.39nW/cm<SUP>2</SUP> were obtained for the (1-x)(Bi,Na)TiO<SUB>3</SUB>-x(Bi,K)TiO<SUB>3</SUB> lead free piezoelectric ceramics.

매개변수 평가법을 이용한 압전재료의 재료물성 최적화 연구 Part I. 다결정 PZT 세라믹스

신호용,이호용,홍일곡,김종호,임종인 한국전기전자재료학회 2022 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.35 No.5

Recently, piezoelectric devices, such as ultrasonic surgery, ultrasonic atomizer, and ultrasonic speaker, are analyzed and designed by finite element simulation methods. However, the discrepancy between the design and the experiment results of the device typically occurs due to the inaccuracy of the piezoelectric material properties. To improve the simulation accuracy, the material properties of the PZT ceramics were better refined using parameter estimation method. The material parameters are elastic stiffness CijE and piezoelectric constant eIJ of PZT ceramics. The impedance curve characteristics for the LTE mode of PZT ceramics were calculated. The mismatch between the simulation and the experimental data were compared and minimized by a least square method. Finally, the simulated impedance data were compared with the experimental data for the various vibration modes of PZT ceramics and the optimized material properties of PZT ceramics were verified. To further verify the accuracy, this method was also applied to piezoelectric PMN-PT single crystals.