Hens immunized with live attenuated Salmonella strains expressing virulence-associated genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli passively transfer maternal antibodies to chicks

Won, Gayeon,Lee, John Hwa The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2016 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.56 No.3

We investigated whether maternal antibodies (mAbs) elicited by dams immunized with recombinant vaccine candidates against avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) can passively confer protective immunity to chicks. In the present study, pBP244 plasmids carrying selected antigens of APEC were transformed into Salmonella Typhimurium JOL912, which was used as a vaccine candidate against APEC. The hens were immunized with the vaccine candidates using prime or booster doses. The levels of IgG and sIgA specific to the selected antigens increased significantly following prime immunization. To evaluate the persistence of passively transferred mAbs, the levels of IgY and IgA were determined in egg yolks and whites, respectively. The eggs from the immunized group showed consistently increased levels of IgY and IgA until week 16 post-laying (PL) and week 8 PL, respectively, relative to the control group. The presence of mAbs was observed in chicks that hatched from the hens, and titers of plasma IgY were consistently raised in those from the immunized hens by day 14 post-hatching. Further, chicks from the immunized hens were protected from challenge with a virulent APEC strain, whereas those from non-immunized hens showed acute mortality.

Production of Monoclonal Antibodies Specific to FimA of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Their Inhibitory Activity on Bacterial Binding

Koh, Eun-Mi,Kim, Ju,Lee, Jin-Yong,Kim, Tae-Geum The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2009 Immune Network Vol.9 No.5

Background: The FimA of Porphyromonas gingivalis is a crucial pathogenic component of the bacteria and has been implicated as a target for vaccine development against the periodontal diseases. Methods: In this study, the purified fimbriae (FimA subunit polymers) protein was used for immunization in their native form and B hybridoma clones producing antibodies specific to FimA were established. Results: The monoclonal antibodies prepared from selected two clones, designated #123 (IgG2b/ kappa) and #265 (IgG1/kappa), displayed different patterns of binding activity against the cognate antigen. Both antibodies reacted with conformational epitopes expressed by partially dissociated oligomers, but not with monomer as elucidated by Western blot analysis. Ascites fluid containing the monoclonal antibodies showed the inhibitory activity against P. gingivalis to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads, an in vitro model for the pellicle-coated tooth surface. Conclusion: These results suggest that the monoclonal antibodies could be used as vaccine material against the periodontal diseases through passive immunization.

Immune response and efficacy of pigeon pox virus vaccine and fowl pox virus vaccine in chickens

( Niraj Kanti Shil ),( Md Siddique Rahman ),( MT Hossain ),( MT Islam ),( MM Rahman ),( KBM Saiful Islam ),( Se Yeoun Cha ),( Hyung Kwan Jang ),( Hee Jong Song ) 한국동물위생학회 2007 한국동물위생학회지 (KOJVS) Vol.30 No.4

The humoral immune response of chicken vaccinated with fowl and pigeon pox virus vaccines was determined with the protective potentiality of the two vaccines in field condition of Bangladesh. Different aged Fayoumi chicks were subjected for the study. To assess the relationship with better immune response among experimental groups, the average percentage of ``take reaction`` was examined and recorded to 97.77% in group A, 93.33% in group B and 100.0% in group C. The level of immune status induced by different vaccinated group was measured by passive hemaggluti?nation(PHA) microplate test method. The mean PHA titer levels after primary vaccination were 33.06±14.13 in group A, 32.0±14.81 in group B, and 33.0±13.66 in group C. Following booster vaccination, the mean PHA titer levels in prior of challenge were increased to 55.46±14.64 in groups A and C, and 46.93±16.52 in group B. The recorded PHA titer levels of each group at two weeks after challenge were significantly increased to 106.66±31.22, 93.86±33.04 and 110.93±29.29, respectively. The PHA titer levels after vaccination and challenge were significantly increased compared to pre?vaccination titer levels(P<0.01). Although the PHA titer levels among three groups administrated different vaccine combinations in prior of challenge were significantly varied(P<0.01), it was observed that all of the vaccinated chicks were highly protected against challenge infection.

Immune response and efficacy of pigeon pox virus vaccine and fowl pox virus vaccine in chickens

Shil, Niraj Kanti,Rahman, Md Siddique,Hossain, M.T.,Islam, M.T.,Rahman, M.M.,Islam, K.B.M. Saiful,Cha, Se-Yeoun,Jang, Hyung-Kwan,Song, Hee-Jong The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2007 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

The humoral immune response of chicken vaccinated with fowl and pigeon pox virus vaccines was determined with the protective potentiality of the two vaccines in field condition of Bangladesh. Different aged Fayoumi chicks were subjected for the study. To assess the relationship with better immune response among experimental groups, the average percentage of 'take reaction' was examined and recorded to 97.77% in group A, 93.33% in group B and 100.0% in group C. The level of immune status induced by different vaccinated group was measured by passive hemagglutination (PHA) microplate test method. The mean PHA titer levels after primary vaccination were $33.06{\pm}14.13$ in group A, $32.0{\pm}14.81$ in group B, and $33.0{\pm}13.66$ in group C. Following booster vaccination, the mean PHA titer levels in prior of challenge were increased to $55.46{\pm}14.64$ in groups A and C, and $46.93{\pm}16.52$ in group B. The recorded PHA titer levels of each group at two weeks after challenge were significantly increased to $106.66{\pm}31.22$, $93.86{\pm}33.04$ and $110.93{\pm}29.29$, respectively. The PHA titer levels after vaccination and challenge were significantly increased compared to pre-vaccination titer levels (P<0.01). Although the PHA titer levels among three groups administrated different vaccine combinations in prior of challenge were significantly varied (P<0.01), it was observed that all of the vaccinated chicks were highly protected against challenge infection.

The Effects of Somatotropin Passive Immunization on Milk Yield, Plasma Hormone and Metabolite Concentrations in Rats

Sun, S.S.,Jang, K.,Kuk, K.,Myung, K.H.,Choi, Y.J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1997 Animal Bioscience Vol.10 No.3

The objectives of this study were to measure growth rate and endocrine changes and to improve milk production by somatostatin passive immunization in rat. Experimental animals were 10 weeks old 20 Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were randomly assigned each 10 in control (normal sheep serum injected: NSS) and treatment (anti-somatostatin injected), and pre-fed for 2 weeks. Anti-somatostatin was purified from serum of 1 year old sheep after somatostatin active immunization, and was injected daily to rats, and growth rate and milk yield were measured for 14 days. Growth rate of litters was 2.15 g/d and 2.32 g/d in NSS and anti-somatostatin injected, respectively. Milk production was increased 6.2% in day 8 and 6.5% in day 12 by anti-somatostatin injection. Plasma growth hormone, insulin, glucose, and urea-N were increased, but non-esterified fatty acid was decreased by anti-somatostatin injection. In summary, passive immunization of somatostatin improved growth rate of litters and milk production in rats.

Comparison of Immune Status Using Diagnosis of Failure of Passive Transfer in Healthy and Sick Horse Population : A Pilot Study

양재혁,Yang, J. Korea National University of Agriculture and Fishe 2020 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.22 No.1

이 연구는 최초의 국내 말에서 수동면역부전을 다룬 것이다. 이 연구의 목적은 건강한 말과 아픈 말의 면역상태를 비교하는 것이다. 수동면역부전은 말에서 가장 흔한 면역결핍질환이다. 아픈말 22 마리와 건강한 말 18 마리를 검사키트(SNAP Foal IgG Test Kit)를 이용하여 수동면역부전을 진단하였다. 모든 성마는 정상적인 면역기능을 가지고 있었다(≥800 mg/㎗). 신생망아지는 22 마리 중 13 마리(59%; ∠800 mg/㎗)가 면역기능이 취약하였지만 치료 후 회복하여 생존하였다. 이 22 마리 중 9 마리는 면역기능이 강한 말(≥ 800 mg/㎗)로 혈중 IgG농도가 높아도 감염성 질환이 발생할 수 있다는 것을 보여준다. 폐사망아지는 모두 6 마리였고, 그중 4 마리는 감염성 질환이었다. 신생망아지 면역상태 검사를 통한 감염취약 정도의 조기진단 및 대응방안 마련으로 경주자원 활용율 제고와 보건관리 기술향상을 도모할 수 있다. 또한, 신생망아지의 감염성질환 조기 파악으로 향후 육성마의 체계적인 보건관리방안 마련에 일조할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. The current study is the first paper on FPT(failure of passive transfer) of horse population in Korea. The object of this study was to comparison of immune status normal and patient horses. Failure of passive transfer is the most common immunodeficiency disorder of horses. Twenty-two foals and 18 horses from Jeju of the equine hospital were diagnosed with the SNAP Foal IgG Test Kit. All adult horses had normal immune functions (≥800 mg/dl). Thirteen of the 22 newborn babies (59%; ∠800 mg/dl) had a weak immune function but recovered and survived after treatment. Nine of these 22 are horses with strong immunity (≥800 mg/dl), indicating that high IgG concentrations in the blood can cause infectious diseases. There were a total of six dead, four of which were infectious diseases. In addition, early identification of infectious diseases in newborn foals is expected to help prepare systematic health management measures for the development of the disease.

소 면역혈청을 이용한 초유 이행 부전 송아지의 치료 효과

이정선 ( Jung Sun Lee ),강문일 ( Mun Il Kang ),정용운 ( Yong Un Chung ),이채용 ( Chai Yong Lee ),한동운 ( Dong Un Han ),위성환 ( Sung Hwan Wee ),윤소라 ( So Rah Yoon ),조재진 ( Jae Jin Cho ),강주원 ( Ju Won Kang ) 한국동물위생학회 2008 한국동물위생학회지 (KOJVS) Vol.31 No.4

The efficacy of bovine immune sera to correct the calves with failure of passive transfer (FPT) was evaluated. Immune sera were produced from 14 one-year-old Holstein cattle which were inoculated commercial combined viral vaccine, administered by the challenge of some main enteric or respiratory viruses, aseptically filtered and stored at 4℃ before used. After the treatment of bovine immune sera, Mean transfer factor(㎎/㎗ of IgG administered/㎏ of body weight) was 5.46±2.74, 11.17±1.27, 1.40±0.21 in K-IP, H-IP and K-IV group, respec-tively. The corrective effect of bovine immune sera to FPT calf without any clinical signs showed that intravenous route was more effective than intraperitoneal administration(P<0.01). FPT calves with severe signs were not effective response to the immunotherapy used and consequently died within 10 days after the treatment. Ten percentage of controls appeared the clinical signs including diarrhea. On the contrary, there were not any clinical signs in K-IP and H-IV group. There was significant increase of the neutralizing titer against bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine coronavirus as well as of cell population including CD2, CD4, and monocyte in K-IP and H-IV group after the immunotherapy(P<0.05). Also, K-IP and H-IV group showed the successful correction to FPT within one week after the immunotherapy, but controls had kept the FPT two-four weeks even after the same treatment. Consequently, the results were suggesting that the bovine immune sera could be used the corrective tool to young calves with FPT.

Reproductive fecundity of Iraqi Awassi ewes immunized against synthetic inhibin-α subunit or steroid-free bovine follicular fluid

Al-Sa'aidi, Jabbar Abbas Ahmed,Khudair, Khalisa Khadim,Khafaji, Sura Safi Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2018 Animal Bioscience Vol.31 No.8

Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the impacts of active and passive immunization against synthetic inhibin and steroid-free bovine follicular fluid, respectively, on reproductive fecundity out of breeding season in Iraqi Awassi ewes. Methods: Follicular fluid was aspired from mature bovine follicles, treated with activated charcoal, and used for immunization of male rabbits for obtaining steroid free bovine follicular fluid (SFBFF) antiserum. Forty non-pregnant Awassi ewes were allocated into 4 groups (n = 10 each). At day 38 of experiment, ewes were treated with intra-vaginal MPA sponge (60 mg for 12 days). At days 0, 28, and 50, ewes were treated with 4, 2, and 2 mL of normal saline (control; C-ve), 400, 200, and $200{\mu}g$ of ovalbumin (C+ve), 400, 200 and $200{\mu}g$ of inhibin (SI group), respectively, and 4 mL of normal saline at day 0, and 4 and 2 mL of SFBFF antiserum at days 28 and 50, respectively, (AI group). After mating with Awassi rams, pregnancy and embryo number were diagnosed, at day 38 of pregnancy, using ultrasonography. Blood samples were collected at days 30, 60, 90, and 120 of pregnancy, for assessment of estradiol-$17{\beta}$ (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels. After parturition, numbers of delivered lambs were recorded. Results: The results revealed significant increase of P4 and significant decrease of E2 levels in SI and AI pregnant ewes than controls at days 30, 60, 90, and 120. Newborn number increased significantly in SI and AI treated than control ewes. Conclusion: Active or passive immunization against endogenous inhibin could augment reproductive fecundity out of breeding season in Iraqi Awassi ewes.

한우 송아지의 초유섭취에 의한 수동면역이 포유기간 중의 질병발생에 미치는 영향

김두,한홍율,Kim, Doo,Han, Hong-ryul 대한수의학회 1989 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.29 No.2

The effects of the serum total protein and immunoglobulin levels of the colostrumconferred Korean native calves at 2 days of age on the disease incidence during the suckling period were studied. The results obtained were summerized as follows: 1. Serum total protein, total immunoglobulin, IgG, and IgM levels of 6 Korean native claves died from septicemia were lower than those of calves survived (p<0.05). 2. Korean native calves having low serum total protein and immunoglobulins were affected with diarrhea earlier in life, when compared with calves having high serum levels (p<0.05). 3. Korea native calves having low serum total protein were affected with bronchopneumonia earlier in life, when compared with calves having high serum levels (p<0.05). 4. Korean native calves having low serum neutralizing antibody titers to bovine viral diarrhea virus had high incidence rate of BVD, when compared with calves having high serum neutralizing antibody titers (p<0.05).

지방세포 원형질막 단백질에 대한 다클론 항체의 수동면역이 수컷 흰쥐의 체조성에 미치는 영향

백경훈,최창본 한국동물자원과학회 2002 한국축산학회지 Vol.44 No.1

본 연구는 흰쥐 지방세포 원형질막 단백질에 대한 항혈청의 면역주사가 흰쥐 체지방 함량에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 실시되었다. 20마리의 Sprague-Dawley 흰쥐를 대조구와 항체처리구(10두/구)로 완전 임의배치하였고, 대조구에는 생리식염수를, 항체처리구에는 면양으로부터 생산해 낸 흰쥐 지방세포 원형질막단백질에 대한 다클론항체를 면역주사하였다. 항체의 수동면역(복강주사)은 실험동물의 피하지방(21.9%)과 신지방+장간막지방+정소외막지방조직(36.0%)을 유의적으로(각각 P=0.0054, P=0.0019) 감소시켰다. 항체처리구의 체중은 항체처리기간동안 감소하였지만, 처리 후 1주를 경과하면서 다시 정상체중으로 회복되었다. 혈중 glucose 농도와 근육내 조지방 및 조단백질의 수준은 항체의 처리로 인한 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 이러한 결과들은 면양에서 생산한 지방세포 원형질막 단백질에 대한 다클론 항체들이 육생산동물의 체지방 함량을 조절할 수 있다는 가능성을 시사해 주고 있다. 앞으로 본 연구결과의 실용화를 위하여 실용적인 측면에서의 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. The current study was conducted to investigate the effects of administration of antiserum against adipocyte plasma membrane(AMP) proteins into rats on body fat mass. Twenty(20) male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into either control or antiserum treatment group(10 rats/treatment) and immunized with physiological saline(control group) and polyclonal antiserum(treatment group), respectively, raised in sheep against rat APM proteins(5times, 2day interval). All animals were killed 4weeks after last injection. Intraperitoneal(i.p.) administration of antiserum significantly(P=0.0054 and P=0.0019, respectively) reduced subcutaneous(21.9%) and perirenal + mesentric + epididymic(36.0%) adipose tissue mass in rats of treatment group. Although body weights of antiserum treated rats were decreased during immunization, the rats recovered their body weight after 1 week of treatment. There were no significant changes in the level of blood glucose and in the contents of muscle protein and fat in antiserum treated animals. Current results indicate that polyclonal antibodies against APM proteins could be used to manipulate body fat mass in meat animals as well as laboratory animals. Further studies, however, are necessary for the practical applications of the current results.