재외동포 범주에 대한 법률상의 정의와 문제점 고찰

전호성,황혜경,임영언 재외한인학회 2024 在外韓人硏究 Vol.0 No.66

이 연구의 목적은 재외동포기본법에서 정의하고 있는 재외동포의 범주와 규정을 살펴보고, 이 범주에서 이탈한 재외동포의 존재 여부를 확인하는 데 있다. 연구방법은 재외동포와 관련하여 규정하고 있는 법률로서 재외동포청이 주무 부처인‘재외동포기본법’과 ‘재외국민등록법’, 그리고 법무부가 주무 부처인 ‘재외동포의출입국과 법적 지위에 관한 법률’ 등을 살펴보았다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 재외동포기본법에서는 국적 유무, 재외동포법에서는 대한민국 국적과 외국 국적, 그리고 재외국민등록법에서는 대한민국 국적이 재외동포 범위를 규정하는 주요 기준으로 삼고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 재외동포법에서 재외동포의 범위는 재외국민등록법을 포함하며, 출생에 따라 대한민국의 국적을 보유하였던 사람과 그 직계비속으로 외국 국적을 취득한 사람을 포함하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 재외동포법이 재외국민등록법을 포함하고외국 국적을 가지고 있는 사람을 재외동포의 범위로 규정하고 있지만, 재외동포기본법에서는 재외동포법에서 규정하는 범위에 추가하여 대한민국의 국적을 가지지 아니한 사람도 포함하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 재외동포기본법에서 규정하고 있는 재외동포는 대한민국 국적과 불일치가 존재한다는 점이다. 따라서 향후 재외동포는 국적보다는 민족적 개념에서더욱 확대되고 통합된 일관성 있는 범주와 규정이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 이 연구는 재외동포의 범주 개정 여부에 대한 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 생각되며 후속 연구에서는 재외동포의 범주에서 소외된 재일동포 ‘조선적’ 무국적자와고려인 동포 무국적자, 북한이탈주민 등에 대해서 상세히 다룰 필요가 있다. The purpose of this study is to examine the category of overseas Koreans defined in the Basic Act on Overseas Koreans and the existence of overseas Koreans who deviate from this category. The research method analyzed three laws regulating overseas Koreans. The research results are as follows. First, it was found that the Basic Act on Overseas Koreans uses nationality as the main criterion, the Overseas Koreans Act considers Korean nationality and foreign nationality, and the Overseas Koreans Registration Act considers nationality as the main criteria. Second, the scope of the Overseas Koreans Act included those who held Korean nationality by birth and those who acquired foreign nationality as their direct descendants. Third, the Overseas Koreans Act defines foreign nationals as the category of overseas Koreans, but the Basic Act on Overseas Koreans expands the category to include people who do not have Korean nationality. In conclusion, there is a discrepancy between the nationality of overseas Koreans as defined in the Framework Act on Overseas Koreans and the nationality of Korean citizens. In the future, it is believed that overseas Koreans will need consistent categories and regulations that are more expanded and integrated in the concept of ethnicity rather than nationality.

재외동포청의 사무와 직제 편성 및 관련 법령 연구

이승우 재외한인학회 2024 在外韓人硏究 Vol.0 No.66

최근「정부조직법」의 일부 개정으로 재외동포청이 신설되어 운영되고 있다. 그동안 재외동포 관련 사업은 주로 폐지된 재외동포재단에 의하여 수행되었으나 이「정부조직법」의 개정으로 이제는 재외동포 관련 사무를 재외동포청이 수행하게되었다. 이후 이 법의 근간으로 제정된 「재외동포청 직제령」에 의하여 신설된 재외동포청에 재외동포청장과 차장을 두고 하부기관으로 운영지원과, 재외동포정책국, 교류협력국을 신설하였다. 그리고 재외동포청에는 총 151명의 공무원이 재외동포 관련 직무를 수행하게 되고, 외교부는 재외동포정책 수립·시행과 지원 서비스 업무를 하던 고위공무원을 재외동포청으로 파견하게 되었다. 이렇게 재외동포관련 사무 전담기관과 하부기관이 신설되고 실질적인 직무 수행을 위한 관련 법이정비 되면서 재외동포 관련 정책 수립과 직무 수행을 위한 재외동포 관련 기본법제정의 필요성에 따라 2023년 5월 9일 「재외동포기본법」이 제정되어 시행되게 되었다. 이 법의 시행으로 각종 재외동포 관련 법과 특별법의 근간이 되는 재외동포정책의 기본원칙과 재외동포의 권익증진과 생활안정 및 기타 효율적인 재외동포정책을 통일되게 추진하고 관리할 수 있게 되었다. Recently, as the Government Organization Act was partially revised, the Overseas Koreans Office was newly established. Until now, projects related to overseas Koreans have been mainly carried out by the Overseas Koreans Foundation, but the revision of the law has led to the implementation of the Overseas Koreans Office. The Overseas Koreans Administration, which was established by ‘the Ordinance of the Overseas Koreans Administration’, was established as a subordinate organization with the Director and the Deputy Director of Overseas Koreans, and the Overseas Koreans Policy Bureau and the Exchange and Cooperation Bureau were newly established. In addition, a total of 151 civil servants will be assigned to the Overseas Koreans Office, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will dispatch high-ranking officials who were in charge of establishing, implementing and supporting overseas Koreans' policies to the Overseas Koreans Office. As a result, the Overseas Koreans Basic Law was enacted on May 9, 2023, in accordance with the necessity of establishing a basic law for the establishment of policies related to overseas Koreans and the implementation of policies. With the implementation of this law, it has become possible to promote and manage the basic principles of overseas Koreans policy, which is the basis of various laws and special laws related to overseas Koreans, and to promote the rights of overseas Koreans, stabilize their lives and other efficient overseas Koreans policies.

만주사변 이후 화교배척과 조선 민족주의 운동

박정현(朴正鉉) 중국근현대사학회 2014 중국근현대사연구 Vol.63 No.-

In Chosun, a movement for Koreans in Manchuria triggered the overseas Chinese exclusion and connected to a Chosun nationalist movement. In 1927 and 1931, two cases of the overseas Chinese exclusion were systematically caused by the Chosun nationalist camp. After the Manchurian Incident, the Chosun nationalist camp tried to establish a single representative organization of an ethnic group under the uncertain situation. To achieve this, they planned to use the overseas Chinese exclusion. This article is one of sequential analysis articles on cases of the overseas Chinese exclusion in 1920s and 1930s. The present article investigates how a Koreans in Manchuria relief movement was connected to the overseas Chinese exclusion after the outbreak of the Manchurian Incident in 1931 and also the effect on the formation and deconstruction of ‘the Council for Disaster of Korean in Manchuria’. After the outbreak of the Manchurian Incident, the persecution of Chinese for Koreans in Manchuria caused damages in Koreans. Once the news on the fact of Koreans in Manchuria were every day introduced by newspaper, the Chosun people sympathized with Koreans in Manchurian an led Koreans in Manchuria relief movements all across the country. A Koreans in Manchuria relief movement was useful to attract attention of the Chosun people and concentrate them. Therefore, the nationalist camp actively used Koreans in Manchuria relief movements. Thus, groups of the nationalist camp were concentrated on October 27, 1931 to establish ‘the Council for Disaster of Korean in Manchuria’. After the Manchurian Incident appeared, the Chinese Consulate General and the Japanese Government-General of Korea paid attention to prevention of the recurrence of the overseas Chinese exclusion in July 1931. While the Koreans in Manchuria relief movements were appearing all across the country, the systematic overseas Chinese exclusion by a Chosun nationalist camp was not performed but great and small movements of overseas Chinese exclusion were continuously appeared during a Koreans in Manchuria relief movement. Despite the small-scale overseas Chinese exclusion in some areas, it was not sharply spread due to active responses of the Japanese police. A Koreans in Manchuria relief movement and most of movements of overseas Chinese exclusion were early repressed by quick management of the Chinese Consulate General and active responses of the Japanese police. Menawhile, each social organization in Chosun had a different interest and their own identity was strengthened after taking their course following the Manchurian Incident and therefore ‘the Council for Disaster of Korean in Manchuria’ was not converted to a single representative organization. In addition, Japan did not condone the use of a movement for Koreans in Manchuria for Chosun nationalist movements any more after conclusion of the Manchuria situation after the Manchurian Incident and actively crack down on the establishment of a single representative organization. The overseas Chinese exclusion was caused by the necessity of the Chosun nationalist camp and onlooking Japan. However, Japan pushfully responded this time because anti-Japanese sentiments of China could be worsened to increase the burden if the overseas Chinese exclusion appears in Chosun again after the Manchurian Incident. When there was a dispute about Manchuria between Japan and China, a dispute between Koreans and Chinese was advantageous for Japan. However, after occupying Manchuria, a dispute between Koreans and Chinese was not advantageous any more because it could cause unnecessary friction. The Japanese police early blocked Chosun nationalist movements with a Koreans in Manchuria slogan allowed within the limit not harming the public order of Japan because they thought that an activity space of the Chosun nationalist camp could be extended. In addition, they also actively cracked down on the overseas Chinese exclusion. Due to active respo

Discussion on the Legal Status of Overseas Koreans - Focusing on Foreign Nationals Applying the Visiting Employment System

( Yoon-cheol Choi ) 건국대학교 이주사회통합연구소 2021 Journal of Migration and Social Integration (JMSI) Vol.6 No.2

It has been 30 years since the Overseas Koreans Act was enacted. Meanwhile, the overseas Korean society is also undergoing multi-layered and complex changes. There are overseas Koreans who have successfully settled in Korea, overseas Koreans who are having difficulties in settlement, overseas Koreans with capital and overseas Koreans who depend on their capital, and overseas Koreans who have acquired nationality and those who do not. It is necessary to improve the legal system related to overseas Koreans in accordance with the changes and circumstances of the overseas Korean society. People’s perception of overseas Koreans is still one-sided and biased, so discrimination based on their country of origin still exists. Also, when a negative issue related to overseas Koreans occurs, the degree of unidirectional response to the issue has not changed significantly. Improving the status of overseas Koreans and changing public perceptions to embrace them requires a long-term process of mutual understanding and coexistence. In order for Korean society to achieve sustainable development, it is necessary to embrace overseas Koreans without discrimination. They should be classified according to their specific status and qualifications and should not be treated discriminatory. Improvement of the legal system and policy establishment related to overseas Koreans will be an important foundation for accelerating this situation. If the legislative purpose of the Constitution and the laws related to overseas Koreans is to accept and treat overseas Koreans as members of the “ethnic” and as partners of the “historical community” who have shared historical experiences in difficult times, then the legislator must determine the legal status and treatment of overseas Koreans. Relevant laws and regulations should be systematically rearranged in accordance with the legislative purpose. It is also necessary to consider enacting a single unified law that includes securing material means, providing employment opportunities, convenience in sojourn, and enjoyment of cultural resources, so that overseas Koreans can be treated equally and integrated into Korean society. If necessary, such a law can also include the basis for the establishment of a unified institution that can promote it. In addition, the new law will be able to contain the responsibility for improving the awareness base of indigenous people (indigenous nationals), which is an important axis of social cohesion. (felixcyc@konkuk.ac.kr)

재외동포에 대한 국민인식: 한민족의식, 다문화 수용성, 접촉 경험의 효과

윤인진 ( In Jin Yoon ),권일남 ( Il Nam Kwon ),김태균 ( Kyoon Tae Kim ),배진숙 ( Jin Suk Bae ),송영호 ( Young Ho Son ) 평화문제연구소 2015 統一問題硏究 Vol.27 No.1

국내에 거주하는 재외동포들이 증가하면서 이들은 내국인과 긴밀한 관계를 맺고 있고, 이과정에서 교류와 협력만이 아니라 경쟁과 길등이 발생하고 있다. 또한 다문화적 환경에서 성장하면서 형성한 재외동포의 다양한 문화와 정체성은 한국에서 종종 무시와 차별의 원인이 되기도 한다. 따라서 재외동포와 한국인 간의 공존의 원리로서 다문화주의가 요구된다. 이논문에서는 2009년, 2011년, 2013년에 실시된 재외동포에 대한 국민인식조사 자료를 사용해서 일반국민이 재외동포에 대해 갖는 인식의 현황과 변화 양상을 진단하고, 국민인식에 영향을 미치는 요인 중 한민족의식, 다문화 수용성, 접촉 경험의 효과를 분석했다. 주요 연구결과는 일반국민의 한민족의식이 강할수록, 다문화 수용성이 강할수록, 재외동포와의 접촉경험이 많을수록 재외동포를 더욱 친밀하게 느끼고, 한민족의식의 효과가 다문화 수용석의 효과보다 큰 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한 재외동포의 국내 체류 및 정착을 허용하는 정도에서는 세 변수들의 효과가 모두 긍정적이었으나 다문화 수용성의 효과가 한민족의식의 효과보다 큰것으로 밝혀졌다. 이런 결과는 재외동포의 국내 체류와 정착과 같이 내국인에게 경제적, 사회적 영향을 미치는 사안에 있어서는 문화 다양성을 인정하고 외국인을 평등하게 대우하려는 다문화주의적 태도가 재외동포를 수용하는데 중요한 영향을 미친다고 해석할 수 있다. Since the 1990s, an increasing number of overseas Koreans have returned to and resided in South Korea, and they have interacted more closely than ever with South Korean nationals. This interaction has resulted in not only exchanges and cooperations but also competition and conflicts. Moreover, due to their diverse cultural backgrounds and identities formed in multicultural environments of their countries of origin, members of the Korean diaspora have been subjected to contempt and discrimination in South Korea. Thus, multiculturalism is needed as a principle of coexistence between overseas Koreans and South Korean nationals. Against this backdrop, this article examines South Korean nationals’perceptions of overseas Koreans by using data from nationwide surveys conducted in 2009, 2011, and 2013. Also, it analyzes the effects of Korean ethnic consciousness, multicultural acceptance, and contact experience on South Korean nationals’ perceptions of overseas Koreans. Major results are as follows. The stronger Korean ethnic consciousness, greater acceptance of multiculturalism, and more contact with overseas Koreans South Korean nationals have, the closer feeling they have towards overseas Koreans. With respect to intimate feeling to overseas Koreans, Korean ethnic consciousness has a greater effect than multicultural acceptance. Also, the three independent variables have equally positive effects on their willingness to allow overseas Koreans to stay temporarily and permanently in South Korea. However, multicultural acceptance has a greater effect than Korean ethnic consciousness on the acceptance of overseas Koreans’ settlement in South Korea. These findings suggest that in matters that affect social and economic conditions of South Korean nationals like the settlement of overseas Koreans in South Korea, multicultural acceptance that acknowledges cultural diversity and respects equal opportunities for foreigners play a critical role in acceptance of overseas Koreans.

재외동포정책의 목표와 추진체계의 재정립

윤인진 사단법인 한국민족연구원 2013 민족연구 Vol.0 No.54

Basic goals of overseas Koreans policy since the Kim Yong-sam administration have been the same emphasizing successful settlement of overseas Koreans in host countries and strengthening ties between overseas Koreans and the homeland. Because environments surrounding overseas Koreans have been rapidly changing, however, there is strong need to reestablish the goals and implementation system of overseas Koreans in global era. Future-oriented overseas Koreans policy needs to aim at supporting overseas Koreans to become responsible and productive members of the host country and contribute to reciprocal developments among the homeland, overseas Koreans, and the host country. Also, the future overseas Koreans policy needs to expand its target group to foreigners related with overseas Koreans by marriage or adoption. Although they may not the core target group of overseas Koreans policy, they have significant influence on the welfare and wellbeing of overseas Koreans and thus need to be incorporated into overseas Koreans policy at least as ‘honorary overseas Koreans.’ Finally, in order to improve the implementation system of overseas Koreans policy, it is desired to empower the capacity of the committee for overseas Koreans policy under the prime minister to coordinate tasks and programs scattered across different ministries.

미래지향지향적 재외동포정책의 방향 ; 재외동포정책의 목표와 주진체계의 재정립

윤인진 ( In Jin Yoon ) 한국민족연구원 2013 민족연구 Vol.0 No.54

Basic goats of overseas Koreans policy since the Kim Yong-sam administration have been the same emphasizing successful settlement of overseas Koreans in host countries and strengthening ties between overseas Koreans and the homeland. Because environments surrounding overseas Koreans have been rapidly changing. However, there is strong need to reestablish the goals and implementation system of overseas Koreans in global era. Future-oriented overseas Koreans policy needs to aim at supporting overseas Koreans to become responsible and productive members of the host country and contribute to reciprocal developments among the homeland, overseas Koreans, and the host country. Also, the future overseas Koreans policy needs to expand its target group to foreigners related with overseas Koreans by marriage or adoption, Although they may not the core target group of overseas Koreans policy, they have significant influence on the welfare and wellbeing of overseas Koreans and thus need to be incorporated into overseas Koreans policy at least as ``honorary overseas Koreans.`` Finally, in order to improve the implementation system of overseas Koreans policy, it is desired to empower the capacity of the committee for overseas Koreans policy under the prime minister to coordinate tasks and programs scattered across different ministries.

‘재외동포기본법’ 제정에 관한 연구

이승우 재외한인학회 2022 在外韓人硏究 Vol.58 No.-

Since ‘the Foundation Act on Overseas Koreans’ in 1997, the relevant laws have been enacted and revised, and the government and the private sector have been engaged in many activities to protect the rights and interests of overseas Koreans. The government plans to expand Korean language, history, and cultural education for overseas Koreans, strengthen Korean network by region, field, and generation, improve domestic employment and investment support systems for high-tech future industries, and strengthen ties with overseas adoptees. This is consistent with the basic direction of the overseas Koreans policy in the existing legislation of ‘the Basic Act on Overseas Koreans’ by ruling and opposition lawmakers, so there will be no difficulty in enacting ‘the Basic Act on Overseas Koreans’. With the current law alone, there is a limit to the promotion of overseas Korean policies to promote rights and stability in overseas Korean residents and in the Republic of Korea. In order to overcome the limitations of overseas Koreans-related policies, it is necessary to establish a "Overseas Koreans office" dedicated to overseas Koreans-related affairs, and to unify and manage the rights and stability of overseas Koreans and other efficient overseas Koreans 1997년 「재외동포재단법」에 의하여 재외동포재단이 설립된 이후 관련법이 제정되고 개정되면서 정부와 민간이 재외동포들의 권익보호를 위하여 많은 활동을 해왔으나 소관 행정 각부 사무의 중복과 충돌, 정부 예산 중복투자로 인한 비효율성, 위탁 사무에 의한 관리 등이 문제되어 왔다. 정부는 재외동포정책으로 ‘재외동포 권익 신장을 위한 실질적 정책 추진’을 위하여 재외동포의 한국어, 국사, 문화 교육을 확대하고 지역·분야·세대별 한민족네트워크를 강화하며, 첨단 미래산업 분야에 대한 재외동포의 국내 취업 및 투자지원 관련 제도 정비 그리고 해외 입양 동포의 모국과의 유대 강화 등을 주요 사업으로 제시하고 있다. 이는 기존 여야 의원의 ‘재외동포기본법’ 입법안의 재외동포정책의 기본방향과 일치한다. 재외동포들은 현행 법률과 제도 만으로는 재외동포거주국과 대한민국 내에서의 권익증진과 안정적 정착을 위한 재외동포정책의 추진에 한계가 있다. 이러한 재외동포 관련 정책수행의 한계를 타파하기 위하여 관련 법제를 개선해야 한다. 보다 효율적인 재외동포 사업을 추진하기 위하여 재외동포 관련 사무를전담하는 ‘재외동포청’을 신설하고, 각종 재외동포 관련 법과 제도개선을 위한 특별법의 근간이 되는 기본원칙, 재외동포의 권익증진과 생활안정 및 기타 효율적인재외동포정책을 통일되게 추진하고 관리할 수 있는 ‘재외동포기본법’ 제정이 필요하다.

한국의 주요 언론의 보도 및 트위터 메시지에 나타난 재외동포 이미지 및 보도 특성에 관한 연구

박혜영,신호창,허종욱,서수연 한국광고PR실학회 2018 광고PR실학연구 Vol.11 No.1

The relationship between overseas Koreans and Koreans is not only a network for overseas Koreans living abroad, but also a buffer for multicultural society in Korea. Therefore, the obstacles, misunderstandings and conflicts caused by wrong prejudices of overseas Koreans can be a factor of disputes in our society and media reporting is important to form recognition of overseas Koreans. This study analyzes the image of overseas Koreans depicted in the media by content analyzing articles of Korean major media reports. The reports of Joongang-ilbo, Hangyeore, Maeil Business Newspaper, KBS and YTN from 2012 to 2015 are analyzed regarding the topic, image scores of overseas Koreans and occupation. As a result, first, articles related to overseas Koreans were covered in various topics related to ‘society’. Also, as for the issues related to overseas Koreans, ‘suffering and suffering through Korean history’ has been reported more compare to other issues. In addition, Koreans were more informed than overseas Koreans, and most articles were reported as simple or partial. Second, the image analysis of overseas Koreans showed that there is a difference in the image score by country of residence. Especially, the image of overseas Koreans in China was negative. Most of the occupations of overseas Koreans were related to ‘artist and sports’. Third, the issue and favorability of overseas Koreans in different countries were different in Twitter messages, including negative image of overseas Koreans living in China. Approximately 41% of reports on overseas Koreans in China are articles related to crime. Regardless of the issue, the favorability of overseas Koreans in China in the Twitter message was negative. Overseas Koreans are an important public in the area of public diplomacy. Therefore, it is necessary for Korean media and government to implement strategic communication in order to improve relations with them. 해외 거주 재외동포는 외교의 최전선에서 한국사회에 한 거주국 여론을 주도하는 등 공공외교의 주체로서 활동하고 있다. 또한 한국사회가 다문화사회로 진입하는 데 있어 국내거주 재외동포는 한국인의 다문화사회에 대한 이해 증진과 한국의 다문화사회화로의 토대를 제공해준다. 그러나 재외동포에 대한 잘못된 인식에서 비롯된 불통, 오해, 갈등은 우리사회 분쟁의 요소가 될 수 있다. 한국인의 재외동포에 대한 바람직한 인식을 형성하기 위해서는 미디어의 언론 보도 행태가 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 중앙일보, 한겨레, 매일경제, KBS, YTN의 3년간(2012∼2015) 재외동포 기사에 대해서 주제, 재외동포 관련 주요 쟁점, 기사 비중, 정보원, 재외동포 이미지, 직업 등을 분석했다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 재외동포 관련 기사가 ‘사회’면에서, 세부 주제로는 ‘기타’로 다뤄지고 있었으며 재외동포 관련 쟁점으로는 ‘한국사를 통한 수난, 아픔’이 다른 쟁점에 비하여 많았다. 또한 정보원으로는 재외동포 보다 한국인이 많았으며 단순 혹은 부분 언급으로 보도되는 기사가 절반 이상이었다. 둘째, 재외동포의 이미지 분석을 통해 거주국별 이미지에 있어 차이점이 있다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히 재중동포의 이미지가 부정적이었다. 재외동포의 직업으로는 ‘문화·예술·스포츠인’이 가장 많았다. 셋째, 트위터 메시지에 거주국별 재외동포의 이슈 및 호감도가 다르게 형성되고 있었는데, 재중동포의 이미지는 부정적이었다. 재중동포에 한 보도의 약 41%가 범죄와 관련된 기사이며 트위터 메시지에 나타난 일반인의 재중동포에 대한 호감도는 이슈와 관계없이 낮았다. 재외동포는 공공외교의 중요한 공중이 아닐 수 없으며 이들과의 관계 개선을 위해 한국 언론 및 정부의 전략적 커뮤니케이션을 실천할 필요가 있음을 본 연구는 시사하고 있다.

재외동포 법적지위 변화에 관한 연구-재외동포(F-4), 방문취업(H-2)을 중심으로-

윤정숙 인문사회 21 2022 인문사회 21 Vol.13 No.6

A Study on the Change of Legal Status of Overseas Koreans-Focusing on Overseas Koreans (F-4)and Visiting Employment (H-2)-Jungsook Yoon Abstract: We would like to examine the problems that arise when the qualification for visiting employment (H-2) is unified into the qualification for staying overseas Koreans (F-4) and suggest improvement measures. Prior research on visiting employment (H-2), related research reports, government data collections, and research papers are collected and analyzed. Changes in the legal status of overseas Koreans and the status of foreign nationals staying in Korea were analyzed, and the policy changes in overseas Koreans (F-4) status and visiting employment (H-2) status were analyzed. First, it is proposed to change the system by changing the status of overseas Koreans (F-4) when the current period of stay of visiting workers expires. Second, it is necessary to actively accept the return of foreign nationals by predicting what changes will be made in the size of overseas Koreans (F-4) to be introduced in the future. Third, it is suggested that the restrictions on simple labor employment of overseas Koreans (F-4) qualifications be lifted so that free employment activities can be possible.It is necessary to clarify the legal status of visiting employment (H-2) as a foreign national, not a foreign worker. We hope that follow-up studies on the legal improvement plan for the results presented in this study will continue. Key Words: Foreign Nationality, Overseas Koreans, Status of Residence, Overseas Koreans (F-4), Visiting Employment (H-2) 재외동포 법적지위 변화에 관한 연구-재외동포(F-4), 방문취업(H-2)을 중심으로-윤 정 숙* 연구 목적: 방문취업(H-2) 체류 자격을 재외동포(F-4) 체류 자격으로 일원화 했을 때 나타나는 문제점을 살펴보고 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다. 연구 방법: 방문취업(H-2)에 대한 선행연구, 관련 연구보고서와 정부 자료집, 연구논문 등을 수집하여 분석한다. 연구 내용: 재외동포 법적지위 및 국내 체류 외국국적동포 현황의 변화 추이를 분석하고, 재외동포(F-4) 체류자격의 정책변동, 방문취업(H-2) 체류자격의 정책변동 과정을 분석하였다. 결론 및 제언: 첫째, 현재 방문취업자의 체류기간이 만료되면 재외동포(F-4) 자격으로 변경하는 방식으로 제도를 변경할 것을 제안한다. 둘째, 앞으로 유입될 재외동포(F-4)의 규모에 어떠한 변화가 있을지 예측하여 외국국적동포의 귀환을 적극적으로 받아들여야 한다. 셋째, 재외동포(F-4) 자격 소지자의 단순노무직 취업제한을 풀어주어 자유로운 취업활동이 가능하도록 할 것을 제안한다. 방문취업(H-2) 체류 자격을 외국인근로자가 아닌 외국국적동포로 법적지위를 명확히 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서 제시한 결과를 위한 법령 개선안에 대한 후속 연구가 이어지길 기대해 본다. 핵심어: 외국국적동포, 재외동포, 체류자격, 재외동포(F-4), 방문취업(H-2) □ 접수일: 2022년 11월 11일, 수정일: 2022년 11월 24일, 게재확정일: 2022년 12월 20일* 동국대학교 일반대학원 박사과정(Doctoral Course, Dongguk. Univ., Email: aegu261@naver.com)