Verification of a novel fuel burnup algorithm in the RAPID code system based on Serpent-2 simulation of the TRIGA Mark II research reactor

Pungerčič Anže,Mascolino Valerio,Haghighat Alireza,Snoj Luka 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.10

The Real-time Analysis for Particle-transport and In-situ Detection (RAPID) Code System, developed based on the Multi-stage Response-function Transport (MRT) methodology, enables real-time simulation of nuclear systems such as reactor cores, spent nuclear fuel pools and casks, and sub-critical facilities. This paper presents the application of a novel fission matrix-based burnup methodology to the wellcharacterized JSI TRIGA Mark II research reactor. This methodology allows for calculation of nuclear fuel depletion by combination and interpolation of RAPID's burnup dependent fission matrix (FM) coefficients to take into account core changes due to burnup. The methodology is compared to experimentally validated Serpent-2 Monte Carlo depletion calculations. The results show that the burnup methodology for RAPID (bRAPID) implemented into RAPID is capable of accurately calculating the keff burnup changes of the reactor core as the average discrepancies throughout the whole burnup interval are 37 pcm. Furthermore, capability of accurately describing 3D fission source distribution changes with burnup is demonstrated by having less than 1% relative discrepancies compared to Serpent-2. Good agreement is observed for axially and pin-wise dependent fuel burnup and nuclear fuel nuclide composition as a function of burnup. It is demonstrated that bRAPID accurately describes burnup in areas with high gradients of neutron flux (e.g. vicinity of control rods). Observed discrepancies for some isotopes are explained by analyzing the neutron spectrum. This paper presents a powerful depletion calculation tool that is capable of characterization of spent nuclear fuel on the fly while the reactor is in operation.

Mendelow Matrix 기반 정책갈등 이해관계자 분석

김대중(DaeJoong Kim) 한국문화융합학회 2023 문화와 융합 Vol.45 No.10

본 연구는 정책갈등 관점 이해관계자 역학관계 분석을 위한 적용 가능한 모형에 대한 탐색적 성격의연구이다. 이를 위해 사용후핵연료 관리방식 갈등의 이해관계자를 중심으로 탐색 가능성을 살펴보았다. 이해관계자 적용 가능한 모형 탐색을 위해 조직학과 경영학에서 이해관계자 분석에 보편적으로 사용해오고 있는 Mendelow Matrix 모형을 적용해 보았다. 적용 결과 사용후핵연료 관리방식별 이해관계자들의 갈등의 구조 형태, 변화 그리고 해결과정의 실마리를 파악할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 함의는 학술적측면과 정책적 측면에서 찾을 수 있다. 먼저 학술적 측면의 함의는 조직학과 경영학에서 검증되어 보편적으로 사용된 이해관계자 분석 기법인 Mendelow Matrix를 정책학의 이해관계자 분석 기법으로 적용가능하다는 것이다. 다음으로 정책적 측면의 함의는 국가 주요 정책에 대한 갈등영향평가에서 이해관계자 간 역학관계를 파악하는 데 한계가 있었는데, Mendelow Matrix 분석 기법을 하나의 대안으로 활용될 수 있다는 것이다. The purpose of this study is to explore an applicable model for stakeholder analysis from a policy conflict perspective. To explore the model applicable to stakeholders, we applied the Mendelow Matrix model that shows the dynamics between stakeholders, which have been commonly used in stakeholder analysis in organization and business administration, on a two-dimensional plane of power (influence) and interest. As an application case, the structure, change, and resolution process of the conflict among stakeholders by management method were identified as a result of examining the possibility of exploration for stakeholders in the conflict of spent nuclear fuel management method. The implications of this study can be found in the possibility of methodological utilization and the possibility of use as a supplementary tool for conflict impact assessment.

The GENEUS Project - Development of an Evaluation Tool

H. Leeb,St. Gundacker,D. Neudecker,Th. Srdinko,V. Wildpaner 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23

GENEUS is an acronym for 'General Nuclear Data Evaluation and Uncertainty System'. The project aims at the development of a software toperform nuclear data evaluations of cross section data within the framework ofBayesian statistics. The evaluation procedure starts with the generation ofthe prior on the basis of a given set of nuclear models. Especially, thea-priori covariance matrices due to parameter uncertainties and model defectsare determined employing the recently developed formalisms. After selection ofthe experimental data and the generation of covariance matrices associatedwith experiments a Bayesian procedure is employed to obtain evaluated datafiles, which are provided in tabular and ENDF-formatted form. Special care istaken to include correlations between experiments and a proper treatment ofsystematic errors. GENEUS is planned as an almost automatic evaluation packagewith a user-friendly handling. As a special feature it includes asoftware, which facilitates the selection of experimental data and thegeneration of associated covariance matrices. The modular concept of GENEUSallows the inclusion of up-to-date model codes, e.g. TALYS-1.0. In thiscontribution we present the concept of the code and its basic numericalimplementation, which in its first version is restricted to neutron-inducedcross sections. The specific features and capabilities of the code package areshown by the example of successfully performed evaluations with this first version ofGENEUS.

Ion Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry에 의한 $U_3Si/Al$ 사용후핵연료 중 La의 분리 및 정량

한선호,최광순,김정석,전영신,박양순,지광용,김원호,Han, Sun Ho,Choi, Kwang Soon,Kim, Jung Suk,Jeon, Young Shin,Park, Yang Soon,Jee, Kwang Yong,Kim, Won Ho 한국분석과학회 2000 분석과학 Vol.13 No.5

Lanthanum has been used as one of the burnup monitor in spent nuclear fuel. $U_3Si/Al$ spent nuclear fuel contains small amount of La in high concentration of U and Al. Therefore, chemical separation of La is required to remove matrix elements. At first, ion chromatography (IC) and inductively coupled plasma systems were installed in radiation shielded glove box to handle the radioactive samples. Retention behavior of uranium, aluminum, lanthanum and some interesting fission products (Sr, Zr, Y, Mo, Ru, Pd, Rh, Cs, Ba, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu and Cd) was investigated using the CG10 column and ${\alpha}$-HiBA eluent. As all elements were eluted earlier than lanthanum in 0.2 M ${\alpha}$-HiBA eluent, a portion of U and Al was directly passed to waste using a three way valve between the column and the nebulizer. Thus it was possible to determine the lanthanum in a high concentration of U and Al matrix. Retention time of La was about 12 minutes in this separation condition. Optimum range for the determination of La in $U_3Si/Al$ spent nuclear fuel was $1-10{\mu}g/L$ (ppb) with this system and detection limit was $0.25{\mu}g/L$ in case of $200{\mu}L$ of sample volume. 란탄은 사용후핵연료의 연소도 지표원소들 중 하나로써 이용되고 있다. $U_3Si/Al$ 사용후핵연료는 다량의 U과 Al 속에 미량의 La이 포함되어 있어 정량시 매질의 영향을 줄이기 위해 화학적 분리가 요구된다. La의 분리 및 측정을 위해 IC-ICP-MS를 이용하였으며, 우선 방사성 시료를 취급하기 위하여 유도결합 플라스마 질량분석기의 플라스마 부분 및 분리관을 방사선 차폐 글로브박스 내에 설치하였다. CG10 분리관과 ${\alpha}$-HiBA 용리액을 사용하여 U, Al, La 및 몇 가지 핵분열생성물 (Sr, Zr, Y, Mo, Ru, Pd, Rh, Cs, Ba, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu 및 Cd)의 머무름 거동을 살펴보았다. 0.2 M ${\alpha}$-HiBA 용리액에서 U과 Al이 초기에 용출되므로 분리관과 ICP-MS의 시료분무기 사이에 3방향 밸브를 연결하여 다량의 U과 Al이 ICP-MS로 유입되지 않도록 하므로써 매질의 영향을 줄일 수 있었다. 이 조건에서 La은 약 12분 정도에 분리 및 측정이 가능하였으며, $1-10{\mu}g/L$ (ppb)의 농도범위가 측청에 적합하였고 시료양을 $200{\mu}L$ 취할 경우 La의 검출한계는 $0.25{\mu}g/L$이었다.

Potential of Pseudoshikonin I Isolated from Lithospermi Radix as Inhibitors of MMPs in IL-1β-Induced SW1353 Cells

Lee, Dae Young,Choi, Soo-Im,Han, Se Hee,Lee, Ye-Joo,Choi, Jong-Gil,Lee, Young-Seob,Choi, Je Hun,Lee, Seung-Eun,Kim, Geum-Soog MDPI 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.17 No.8

<P>Pseudoshikonin I, the new bioactive constituent of Lithospermi radix, was isolated from this methanol extract by employing reverse-phase medium-pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC) using acetonitrile/water solvent system as eluents. The chemical structure was determined based on spectroscopic techniques, including 1D NMR (<SUP>1</SUP>H, <SUP>13</SUP>C, DEPT), 2D NMR (gCOSY, gHMBC, gHMQC), and QTOF/MS data. In this study, we demonstrated the effect of pseudoshikonin I on matrix-metalloproteinase (MMPs) activation and expression in interleukin (IL)-1β-induced SW1353 chondrosarcoma cells. MMPs are considered important for the maintenance of the extracellular matrix. Following treatment with PS, active MMP-1, -2, -3, -9, -13 and TIMP-2 were quantified in the SW1353 cell culture supernatants using a commercially available ELISA kit. The mRNA expression of MMPs in SW1353 cells was measured by RT-PCR. Pseudoshikonin I treatment effectively protected the activation on all tested MMPs in a dose-dependent manner. TIMP-2 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated by pseudoshikonin I treatment. Overall, we elucidated the inhibitory effect of pseudoshikonin on MMPs, and we suggest its use as a potential novel anti-osteoarthritis agent.</P>

Localisation of DNA Topoisomerase llα in Mouse Erythroleukemia Cells

Ivanova, emilia Ch.,Donev, Rossen M.,Djondjurov, Lalio P. Korean Society of Molecular Biology 1999 Molecules and cells Vol.9 No.3

CGE 모형을 이용한 원자력 에너지의 국민경제 기여 효과 분석

최용석 ( Choi Yong-seok ),조창익 ( Jo Changik ) 경희대학교 사회과학연구원 2020 社會科學硏究 Vol.46 No.3

본 연구는 CGE 모형을 이용하여 우리나라 원자력 발전설비의 단계적 감축 및 신재생에너지를 이용한 전력생산 비중의 증가가 국민경제에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 2014년 산업연관표를 기준으로 구성한 사회계정행렬(SAM)을 바탕으로 전체 385개의 부문을 총 6개 범주로 구분하여 분석하였으며, 특히 전력생산부문을 원자력과 원자력을 제외한 화력, 수력 및 신재생에너지로 구분하고, 비전력생산 부문으로 화석연료, 농림업, 제조업, 서비스 부문으로, 그리고 기타 사회적 부가가치를 포함하는 부문(385~406)으로 구분하였다. CGE 분석에 일반적으로 적용되는 가정들을 설정하여 세 가지 시나리오 하에서 2020~2030년까지의 국내총생산의 변화 추이, 총투자액의 변화 추이, 농림업/제조업/서비스업 부문의 산업생산량의 변화 추이의 결과값을 도출하였다. 분석 결과, 현재 한국의 산업구조 틀 안에서 원자력을 이용한 발전의 비중을 점차 축소하면서 동시에 신재생에너지를 이용한 발전 비중을 늘리는 과정에서 국내총생산과 총투자액은 BAU(business-as-usual)와 비교할 때 각각 최대 13.13%와 21.33%까지 감소하는 추세를 나타냈다. 생산과정에서 전력이용 의존도가 큰 제조업의 경우, 현재 발전원 중 가장 저렴한 원자력 발전의 비용우위가 원자력 발전시설 축소로 가격경쟁력을 상실할 가능성이 농후하며, 이에 따라 제조업의 생산량은 BAU 대비 매우 낮은 생산량을 달성할 것으로 추정되었으며 2030년 기준값의 46.1% 수준에 불과할 것으로 예측되었다. 궁극적으로 원자력 발전설비의 감축에 앞서 신재생에너지를 이용한 전력생산의 기술의 혁신 및 이를 통한 전력생산 단가의 하락이라는 명제가 해결된 이후에야 비로소 정부가 희망하는 탈원전 정책, 온실가스 저감 및 대기오염원인 미세먼지 억제 등의 효과를 볼 수 있을 것임을 시사한다. The study aimed at analyzing the impact on the national economy by using CGE model in the process of phasing out of Korea’s nuclear power plants and increasing the rate of electric power generation with renewable energy. Based on the social accounting matrix from I-O table in 2014, 385 categories were simplified into 6 different types of economic activities. The power production sector was divided into nuclear power and non-nuclear and non-power production sector was divided into fossil fuel, agriculture, manufacturing and service sectors. With general assumptions of CGE model, we present the predictions under the three scenarios of the CGE model regarding the changes in GDP, total investment and industrial output for each of the sectors until 2030. The results show that with gradual phase-out of nuclear power generation, the GDP and total investment are expected to decrease by up to 13.13% and 21.33%, respectively, compared to the business-as-usual (BAU) case. In the case of heavy reliance on electricity use in the production process, the cost advantage of nuclear power generation will be lost due to the nuclear phase-out. In fact, the production of the manufacturing sector is estimated only 46.1% of BAU in 2030. This study suggests it is important to implement intensive and massive innovation policies for power generation technology using renewable energy in order for the reduction of nuclear power generation to be justified.

An Accelerated Iterative Hard Thresholding Method for Matrix Completion

Juan Geng,Xingang Yang,Xiuyu Wang,Laisheng Wang 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.7

The matrix completion problem is to reconstruct an unknown matrix with low-rank or approximately low-rank constraints from its partially known samples. Most methods to solve the rank minimization problem are relaxing it to the nuclear norm regularized least squares problem. Recently, there have been some simple and fast algorithms based on hard thresholding operator. In this paper, we propose an accelerated iterative hard thresholding method for matrix completion (AIHT). Then we report numerical results for solving noiseless and noisy matrix completion problems and image reconstruction. The numerical results suggest that significant improvement can be achieved by our algorithm compared to the other reported methods, especially in terms of CPU time.

The Clinical Usefulness of Nuclear Matrix Protein-22 in Patients with Atypical Urine Cytology

안재성,김현수,장성구,전승현 대한비뇨의학회 2011 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.52 No.9

Purpose: Difficulty exists in interpreting the significance of atypical urine cytology. This study was performed to assess the diagnostic utility of nuclear matrix protein-22 (NMP-22) testing when atypical cells are detected during urine cytology. Materials and Methods: Among patients whose urine cytology was reported as atypical between January 2004 and December 2009, a total of 275 who also underwent NMP-22 testing were enrolled in the present study. These patients were further divided into the screening group (143 patients examined as outpatients for hematuria) and the follow-up group (132 patients followed up for previously diagnosed bladder cancer). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy were assessed for atypical cytology alone and in conjunction with NMP-22. Results: Of the 275 patients exhibiting atypical urine cytology, cancer was confirmed in 85, yielding a positive predictive value of 30.9% (85/275). Of the 96 patients testing positive for NMP-22, 58 were diagnosed with bladder cancer. The positive predictive value in conjunction with NMP-22 was 60.4% (58/96). The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 68.2% (58/85), 80.0% (152/190), 84.9% (152/179), and 76.2% (210/275), respectively. Testing for NMP-22 in the screening and follow-up groups increased the positive predictive value from 30.0% (43/143) to 64.0% (32/50) and from 31.3% (42/132) to 56.5% (26/46), respectively; there was no significant difference between the screening and follow-up groups (p=0.106). Conclusions: When only cases with atypical urine cytology were examined, NMP-22 testing increased the detection rate of bladder cancer regardless of whether the test was used in screening hematuria or in following up patients. Purpose: Difficulty exists in interpreting the significance of atypical urine cytology. This study was performed to assess the diagnostic utility of nuclear matrix protein-22 (NMP-22) testing when atypical cells are detected during urine cytology. Materials and Methods: Among patients whose urine cytology was reported as atypical between January 2004 and December 2009, a total of 275 who also underwent NMP-22 testing were enrolled in the present study. These patients were further divided into the screening group (143 patients examined as outpatients for hematuria) and the follow-up group (132 patients followed up for previously diagnosed bladder cancer). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy were assessed for atypical cytology alone and in conjunction with NMP-22. Results: Of the 275 patients exhibiting atypical urine cytology, cancer was confirmed in 85, yielding a positive predictive value of 30.9% (85/275). Of the 96 patients testing positive for NMP-22, 58 were diagnosed with bladder cancer. The positive predictive value in conjunction with NMP-22 was 60.4% (58/96). The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 68.2% (58/85), 80.0% (152/190), 84.9% (152/179), and 76.2% (210/275), respectively. Testing for NMP-22 in the screening and follow-up groups increased the positive predictive value from 30.0% (43/143) to 64.0% (32/50) and from 31.3% (42/132) to 56.5% (26/46), respectively; there was no significant difference between the screening and follow-up groups (p=0.106). Conclusions: When only cases with atypical urine cytology were examined, NMP-22 testing increased the detection rate of bladder cancer regardless of whether the test was used in screening hematuria or in following up patients.

방광암의 진단에서 요세포검사, Nuclear Matrix Protein 22(NMP22), Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization(FISH)의 효용성 비교

김원태,주희정,권용욱,최영득,박경미,조남훈,함원식,이진선 대한비뇨의학회 2009 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.50 No.1

Purpose: We compared the efficacy of urine cytology, nuclear matrix protein 22(NMP22), and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) for the detection of bladder cancer. Materials and Methods: Washing urine samples from 156 patients were evaluated for the detection of bladder cancer. Patients were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was 106 patients with bladder cancer, group 2 was 30 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate without bladder cancer, and group 3 had gross hematuria without bladder cancer. The sensitivity and specificity of cytology, NMP22, and FISH were compared. NMP22 positivity was defined as ≥10U/ml. FISH was done with the UroVysionⓇ system and FISH positivity was defined as ≥2 abnormal urothelial cells with an abnormal signal from any out of 4 probes. Results: The overall sensitivity of urine cytology, NMP22, and FISH was 60.4%, 75.5%, and 84.9%, respectively(p<0.001). The overall specificity of cytology, NMP22, and FISH was 96.7%, 83.3%, and 93.3%, respectively (p=0.168). In group 3, the false-positive rates of cytology, NMP22, and FISH were 20.0%, 55.0%, and 10.0%, respectively. In these patients with gross hematuria, the false-positive rate with NMP22 was significantly higher than with cytology or FISH(p=0.004). The sensitivity of cytology, NMP22, and FISH in low-grade bladder cancer patients was 25.9%, 51.9%, and 77.8%, respectively, and that in pTa-1 bladder cancer patients was 40.6%, 65.6%, and 78.1%, respectively. In low-grade or in pTa-1 patients, the sensitivity of the three diagnostic tools was significantly different(low grade; p<0.001, pTa-1; p<0.001). Conclusions: FISH is more sensitive in low-grade bladder cancer than is urine cytology and can be used as a diagnostic tool for the detection of primary and recurrent bladder cancer. NMP22 was affected by gross hematuria and thus has limitations for screening of bladder cancer. However, it can be used to follow-up bladder cancer. Purpose: We compared the efficacy of urine cytology, nuclear matrix protein 22(NMP22), and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) for the detection of bladder cancer. Materials and Methods: Washing urine samples from 156 patients were evaluated for the detection of bladder cancer. Patients were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was 106 patients with bladder cancer, group 2 was 30 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate without bladder cancer, and group 3 had gross hematuria without bladder cancer. The sensitivity and specificity of cytology, NMP22, and FISH were compared. NMP22 positivity was defined as ≥10U/ml. FISH was done with the UroVysionⓇ system and FISH positivity was defined as ≥2 abnormal urothelial cells with an abnormal signal from any out of 4 probes. Results: The overall sensitivity of urine cytology, NMP22, and FISH was 60.4%, 75.5%, and 84.9%, respectively(p<0.001). The overall specificity of cytology, NMP22, and FISH was 96.7%, 83.3%, and 93.3%, respectively (p=0.168). In group 3, the false-positive rates of cytology, NMP22, and FISH were 20.0%, 55.0%, and 10.0%, respectively. In these patients with gross hematuria, the false-positive rate with NMP22 was significantly higher than with cytology or FISH(p=0.004). The sensitivity of cytology, NMP22, and FISH in low-grade bladder cancer patients was 25.9%, 51.9%, and 77.8%, respectively, and that in pTa-1 bladder cancer patients was 40.6%, 65.6%, and 78.1%, respectively. In low-grade or in pTa-1 patients, the sensitivity of the three diagnostic tools was significantly different(low grade; p<0.001, pTa-1; p<0.001). Conclusions: FISH is more sensitive in low-grade bladder cancer than is urine cytology and can be used as a diagnostic tool for the detection of primary and recurrent bladder cancer. NMP22 was affected by gross hematuria and thus has limitations for screening of bladder cancer. However, it can be used to follow-up bladder cancer.