배지 및 생장조절제 종류를 이용한 바위떡풀 신품종 ‘그린스타’ 의 다신초 유도

서종택,류승열,유동림,남춘우,허윤영 한국화훼산업육성협회 2010 화훼연구 Vol.18 No.2

바위떡풀의 기내 배양시 MS배지의 농도별로 12주간 배양한 결과 1/2 MS 배지에서 신초길이 1.9 cm, 엽수 24.7매, 뿌리수 8.0개, 신초수 절편당 11.0개로 1 MS나 2 MS 배지에 비해 효과적이었다. 1/2 MS배지를 기본으 로 하여 생장조절제를 첨가하여 8주간 배양한 결과 CPPU 농도처리시 신초길이와 뿌리수는 무처리구에서 많았으나 신초수에 있어서는 농도가 높아질수록 많아져 2.00 mg·L-1농도 처리구에서 8.2개로 가장 많아 증식에 유리한 것으로 나타났으나 TDZ, zeatin과 BA처리는 무처리에 비해 처리효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 그러므 로 바위떡풀을 조직배양 방법을 이용하여 대량증식 시키 고자 할 때에는 생장점을 초대배양(MS배지)한 후 신초를 CPPU 2.00mg·L-1을 첨가한 1/2 MS배지에 치상하여 다 신초를 발생시킨 후 다시 신초를 하나씩 분리하여 1/2 MS 배지에 계대하여 배양한 후 순화하면 다량의 식물을 획득 할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. This study was conducted to develop in vitro propagation techniques of new cultivar, ‘Greenstar’, bred by Highland Agriculture Research Center. The multiple shoot induction and plant growth of in vitro plant were analyzed by MS media concentration (1/2 MS, 1 MS and 2 MS medium), plant growth regulators and its proper concentration; CPPU [Forchlorfenuron(N-(2-chloro-4-pridyl)-3-phenylurea) (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg·L-1), thidiazuron [(TDZ), (0.01, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg·L-1), zeatin (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg·L-1), and BA [6-benzylaminiopurine(BA), (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg·L-1)] in MS (3% sugar and 0.8% agar with pH 5.7) media. The highest number of induced shoots, leaves and roots were shown in 1/2 MS medium concentration. On the 1/2 MS medium, shoot numbers, shoot length, leaf numbers and root numbers were 11.0, 1.9 cm, 24.7, and 8.0, respectively. On the absence of CPPU in the 1/2 MS medium, shoot length and root numbers was greater than CPPU treatment, but the highest number of shoots was induced by the 2.0 mg·L-1 of CPPU concentration in 1/2MS medium. TDZ, zeatin, and BA treatments were not effective on the induction of multiple shoot in vitro culture. As a result, in vitro culture of new Saxifraga fortunei, ‘Greenstar’ with 2.0 mg·L-1 of CPPU in 1/2 MS medium was most effective for the rapid multiplication.

UPLC-MS/MS를 이용한 배추와 배추김치의 글루코시놀레이트 및 대사체 분석

김재철(Jaecheol Kim),박효순(Hyo Sun Park),황금택(Keum Taek Hwang),문보경(BoKyung Moon),김선아(Suna Kim) 한국식품과학회 2020 한국식품과학회지 Vol.52 No.6

본 연구에서는 부위별 배추와 배추김치에 함유되어 있는 글루코시놀레이트류의 조성을 UPLC-MS/MS를 이용하여 탐색하고, 인돌류 대사체를 MS/MS를 이용하여 분석한 결과, 글루코시놀레이트류는 음이온 모드([M-H]−)에서 검출되었으며, glucobrassicanapin (m/z 386), glucoalyssin (m/z 450), glucobrassicin (m/z 447), 4-methoxyglucobrassicin (m/z 477), neoglucobrassicin (m/z 477)는 MS scan 모드에서, gluconapin (m/z 372→97), progoitrin (m/z 388→97), glucoiberin (m/z 422→97), 4-methoxyglucobrassicin (m/z 477→97), neoglucobrassicin (m/z 477→447)는 MS/MS MRM 모드에서 검출되었다. Glucobrassicin과 같은 인돌기 함유 글루코시놀레이트류들이 대사되어 생성되는 인돌류 대사체로는 ascorbigen (m/z 306→130)과 I3A (m/z 146→118)가 MS/MS MRM ([M+H]+) 모드에서 검출되었다. Ascorbigen은 NKC보다 IPC와 OPC에 유의적으로 많이 함유되어 있었다. I3A는 NKC에 가장 많이 함유되어 있었으나 시료 간 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 본 연구를 통하여 배추와 배추김치에 존재하는 글루코시놀레이트류와 그 대사체인 인돌류 물질을 UPLC-MS/MS를 이용하여 분석할 수 있었다. In this study, we analyzed glucosinolates and their metabolites in the inner and outer parts of napa cabbage (NC; Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis) and napa cabbage kimchi (NKC) using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. In the extracts from NC and NKC, glucobrassicanapin (m/z 386), glucoalyssin (m/z 450), glucobrassicin (m/z 447), 4-methoxyglucobrassicin (m/z 477), and neoglucobrassicin (m/z 477) were detected using the MS scan mode ([M-H]−), and gluconapin (m/z 372→97), progoitrin (m/z 388→97), glucoiberin (m/z 422→97), 4-methoxyglucobrassicin (m/z 477→97), and neoglucobrassicin (m/z 477→447) were detected using the MS/MS MRM mode ([M-H]−). Ascorbigen (m/z 306→130) and indole-3-carboxaldehyde (I3A; m/z 146→118), which were metabolites of glucobrassicins, were detected using the MS/MS MRM ([M+H]+) mode. The peak intensities of ascorbigen in the extract from the inner and outer parts of NC were significantly higher than those of the NKC extract (p<0.05); however, there was no significant difference in I3A peak intensity between the NC and NKC extracts.

MS/MS of Synthetic Peptide Is Not Sufficient to Confirm New Types of Protein Modifications

Lee, Sangkyu,Tan, Minjia,Dai, Lunzhi,Kwon, Oh Kwang,Yang, Jeong Soo,Zhao, Yingming,Chen, Yue American Chemical Society 2013 JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH Vol.12 No.2

<P>Protein post-translational modification (PTM) is one of the major regulatory mechanisms that fine-tune protein functions. Undescribed mass shifts, which may suggest novel types of PTMs, continue to be discovered because of the availabilities of more sensitive mass spectrometry technologies and more powerful sequence alignment algorithms. In this study, the histone extracted from HeLa cells was analyzed using an approach that takes advantages of in vitro propionylation, efficient peptide separation using isoelectric focusing fractionation, and the high sensitivity of the linear ion trap coupled with hybrid FT mass spectrometer. One modified peptide was identified with a new type of protein modification (+42 Da), which was assigned to acetylation of threonine 15 in histone2A. The modified peptide was verified by careful manual evaluation of the tandem mass spectrum and confirmed by high-resolution MS/MS analysis of the corresponding synthetic peptide. However, HPLC coelution and MS/MS/MS of key ions showed that the +42 Da mass shifts at threonine residue did not correspond to acetylation. The key fragment ion, y4, in the MS/MS/MS spectra (indicative of the modification site) differed between the in vivo and synthetic peptide. We showed that the misidentification was originated from sequence homologues and chemical derivitization during sample preparation. This result indicated that a more stringent procedure that includes MS/MS, MS/MS/MS, and HPLC coelution of synthetic peptides is required to identify a new PTM.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jprobs/2013/jprobs.2013.12.issue-2/pr300667e/production/images/medium/pr-2012-00667e_0005.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/pr300667e'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

천연소재 MS-10의 에스트로겐 수용체 조절을 통한 여성건강 증진

노유헌(Yoo-Hun Noh),이지원(Ji Won Lee),박지애(Jiae Park),이상형(Sang Hyung Lee),이준영(Jun Young Lee),김성수(Sung-Su Kim),박광균(Kwang-Kyun Park),김태진(Tae Jin Kim),명순철(Soon-Chul Myung),정윤화(Yoonhwa Jeong) 한국식품영양과학회 2016 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.45 No.6

엉겅퀴와 타임의 복합추출물인 MS-10이 여성호르몬 수용체를 가역적으로 활성화해 여성갱년기에 감소하는 에스트로겐이 효율적으로 사용될 수 있도록 작용한다는 것이 확인되었다. 12주간의 인체적용시험에서 MS-10은 안면홍조 및 야한증, 감각마비, 수면장애, 신경과민, 우울, 현기증, 피로, 관절 및 근육통, 두통, 가슴 두근거림(심계항진), 그리고 질건조 등의 여성갱년기 증상이 개선되었음이 확인되었다. 이러한 MS-10의 여성갱년기 증상 개선은 MS-10에 의한 insulin-like growth factor-1의 개선에 기인한 것으로 판단된다. MS-10은 여성갱년기 증상을 개선하는 천연소재 건강기능식품으로 사용될 수 있다. In this study, the expression level of estrogen receptor in an ovariectomized rat model was effectively enhanced by MS-10, Cirsium japonicum and Thymus vulgaris extract complex, in a reversible manner. MS-10 plays a positive role in enhancing estrogen activity at low concentrations, leading to improved women"s health. In order to determine whether or not MS-10 improves menopausal symptoms clinically, a randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled clinical study was carried out on 62 middle-aged women treated with 500 mg of MS-10 or placebo daily for 12 weeks. Clinical menopausal symptoms were evaluated by Kupperman"s index (KI) detecting various menopausal symptoms, including hot flushes, parenthesis, insomnia, nervousness, melancholia, dizziness, fatigue, rheumatic pain, palpitations, formication, and headaches. Total KI score decreased significantly by about 18% upon ingestion of MS-10. Colpoxerosis, a main symptom of menopause, was significantly reduced by about 21% upon ingestion of MS-10 in contrast to placebo. In addition, reduction of insulin-like growth factor-1 with age was improved by over 10% upon ingestion of MS-10, whereas there were no significant difference with placebo. No side effects appeared after treatment with MS-10. Thus, MS-10 can be suggested as a plausible natural substance for improving women"s health.

LC-MS/MS를 이용한 단백질 의약품 맵핑 교수법

김준석 ( Junseok Kim ) 한국실천공학교육학회 2022 실천공학교육논문지 Vol.14 No.2

본 실험은 효용성이 넓어지고 있는 바이오의약품 시장에서 질량분석기를 이용한 정밀 분석법을 제시한다. 단백질 의약품인 인성장호르몬(Somatotopin)을 분석하는 다양한 기술 중, 생화학적 시료 전처리를 통해 펩티드화 시킨 단백질을 LC-MS/MS 분석법으로 분석하였다. 분석과정은 액체크로마토그래피를 이용한 분리분석과 질량분석을 이용한MS 및MS/MS 분석으로 수행하였다. 인성장호르몬의 경우 21개의 트립틱 펩티드로 절단할 수 있는데, 본 실험을 통해 이들 중 13개의 펩티드가 평균 1 ppm 에러 이내로 이론적 예측치와 일치하였다. This experiment presents a precise analysis method using a mass spectrometer in the biopharmaceutical market, where utility is expanding. Among various techniques for analyzing the protein drug, somatotropin, the peptide fragments through biochemical sample preparation was analyzed by LC-MS/MS characterization. The analysis process was performed by separation analysis using nanoUPLC and MS/MS analysis using Orbitrap. In the case of somatotropin with 21 tryptic peptides, 13 of them were consistent with theoretical predictions within an average of 1 ppm error.

MS-13의 ‘악마화’와 트럼프 시기 반이민 담론

이승훈 조선대학교 국제문화연구원 2023 국제문화연구 Vol.16 No.1

MS-13 is a violent organization that emerged in California in the 1980s and was formed around immigrant children and refugees from El Salvador. The organization's main activity spaces are in Central American countries and the United States, but they also appear in several European countries, such as Spain and Italy. It is estimated that there are currently more than 30,000 members. MS-13 has emerged as a social concern in the United States as former President Trump attacked it as a symbol of anti-immigration policy. Trump used the violence of the MS-13 in a provocative way to set up anti-immigration policies and border barriers he was pushing for. Trump attacked the organization as a threat to national security, not just emphasizing the violence of the MS-13 to justify its anti-immigration policy. In search of new opportunities, migrants crossing the U.S.-Mexico border were denounced as violent illegal immigrant groups related to transnational criminal organizations. With Trump emphasizing the violence of MS-13 to achieve his political goals and labeling it a detriment to national security, MS-13 has emerged as the main focus of American society. Such attacks on MS-13 can be criticized for hiding excessive prejudice and political intentions. In other words, MS-13 was strategically selected to brand it as a transnational criminal organization that threatens American society and stimulate anti-immigration sentiment. In this article, we would like to broaden our understanding of MS-13 through the context in which MS-13 emerged as a representative gang organization. To this end, I would like to critically examine the background of the emergence of MS-13 and the evaluation that MS-13 is a transnational criminal organization. Since then, we will look at the context in which MS-13 has emerged as a social concern in relation to Trump's anti-immigration narrative. MS-13 is a violent organization that emerged in California in the 1980s and was formed around immigrant children and refugees from El Salvador. The organization's main activity spaces are in Central American countries and the United States, but they also appear in several European countries, such as Spain and Italy. It is estimated that there are currently more than 30,000 members. MS-13 has emerged as a social concern in the United States as former President Trump attacked it as a symbol of anti-immigration policy. Trump used the violence of the MS-13 in a provocative way to set up anti-immigration policies and border barriers he was pushing for. Trump attacked the organization as a threat to national security, not just emphasizing the violence of the MS-13 to justify its anti-immigration policy. In search of new opportunities, migrants crossing the U.S.-Mexico border were denounced as violent illegal immigrant groups related to transnational criminal organizations. With Trump emphasizing the violence of MS-13 to achieve his political goals and labeling it a detriment to national security, MS-13 has emerged as the main focus of American society. Such attacks on MS-13 can be criticized for hiding excessive prejudice and political intentions. In other words, MS-13 was strategically selected to brand it as a transnational criminal organization that threatens American society and stimulate anti-immigration sentiment. In this article, we would like to broaden our understanding of MS-13 through the context in which MS-13 emerged as a representative gang organization. To this end, I would like to critically examine the background of the emergence of MS-13 and the evaluation that MS-13 is a transnational criminal organization. Since then, we will look at the context in which MS-13 has emerged as a social concern in relation to Trump's anti-immigration narrative.

LC-MS/MS를 이용한 설사성패류독소의 분석조건 확립

이가정(Ka Jeong Lee),스즈키 도시유키(Toshiyuki Suzuki),김풍호(Poong Ho Kim),오은경(Eun Gyoung Oh),송기철(Ki Cheol Song),김지회(Ji Hoe Kim) 한국식품과학회 2009 한국식품과학회지 Vol.41 No.4

설사성패류독의 신속정밀 분석조건 확립을 위하여 LC-MS/MS를 사용하여 이동상, 분석용 column 및 collision energy 등을 변화시키면서 시험하였다. 50 mM formic acid와 2 mM ammonium formate가 함유된 acetonitrile 수용액을 이동상으로 사용하였을 때 OA와 DTX1이 검출되었다. Collision energy는 독소 성분에 따라 달리하는 것이 다성분 동시분석에 적합하였으며 OA와 DTX1 고유의 fragment ion들은 48 V 정도에서 최적의 intensity로 확인되었다. Column의 종류에 따라서는 C8 column의 경우 OA, DTX1, DTX3, PTX2 및 YTX 모두 검출 가능하였으나 실제 검출 대상이 OA와 DTX1인 경우에는 일반적으로 사용되는 Csub{18} column도 적합한 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구에서 확립한 LC-MS/MS 분석 조건의 검출한계는 OA와 DTX1 모두 1 ng/g, 정량한계는 각각 3ng/g이었고, 표준독 성분을 첨가한 시료에서 process efficiency는 굴의 경우 91-118%, 진주담치에서는 96-117%이었고, matrix의 영향은 거의 없었다. 마우스 시험에서 양성을 나타낸 시료를 LCMS/MS법으로 분석한 결과, 일부 시료에서만 OA 및 DTX1이 검출되어 두 시험법의 독성은 일치하지 않았으며 LC-MS/MS법은 마우스 시험법보다 하루 이상 분석시간을 단축할 수 있었다. To establish and validate a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the rapid and accurate quantitation of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins, we compared the results from different mobile phases and columns used for their analysis and collision energies for MS/MS experiments. Clear peaks of okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1) were obtained by using a mobile phase comprising aqueous acetonitrile containing 2 mM ammonium formate and 50 mM formic acid. The collision energies were optimized to facilitate the most sensitive detection for each toxin, namely, OA, DTX1, pectenotoxin-2 (PTX2), or yessotoxin (YTX). Further, the maximum ion response was obtained at a collision energy of 48 V for OA and DTX1. We compared the analytical performance of Csub{8} and Csub{18} columns. A wide range of toxins namely, OA, DTX1, PTX2, and YTX, except DTX3, were detected by both the columns. Although DTX3 was only detected by the Csub{8} column, we found that the Csub{18} column was also suitable for the quantitation of OA and DTX1 the toxins responsible for inducing diarrhea. The limit of detection of OA and DTX1 by the established LC-MS/MS conditions was 1 ng/g, and the limit of quantitation of the toxins under the same conditions was 3 ng/g. The process efficiencies were 91-118% for oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and 96-117% for mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) further, we observed no significant effect of matrix during the ionization process in LC-MS/MS. The comparison between mouse bioassay (MBA) and LC-MS/MS yielded varying results because low concentrations of OA and DTX1 were detected by LC-MS/MS in some shellfish samples, which provided positive results on MBA for DSP. The analysis time required by MBA for DSP analysis can be reduced by LC-MS/MS.

MS-Word 문서 접근 제어시스템 설계

장승주,Jang, Seung-Ju 한국정보통신학회 2018 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.22 No.10

본 논문은 MS-워드 문서 시스템에 대한 접근 제어 시스템을 설계한다. 본 논문에서 설계하는 시스템은 MS-워드 문서 구조를 분석하여 문서 관련 정보를 활용한다. MS-워드문서 정보를 일부 변형하여 변형된 정보에 접근할 수 없는 사용자는 접근을 차단하도록 설계하는 것이다. 이렇게 함으로써 MS-워드문서에 대해서 접근 권한을 가진 사용자 외에는 문서를 읽을 수 없도록 한다. 즉, MS-워드문서에 대한 접근 권한을 통제할 수 있도록 한다. MS-워드문서에 대한 접근 권한을 가진 사용자는 변형된 정보를 원래 정보로 복구할 수 있도록 하여 정상적으로 문서를 읽을 수 있도록 한다. 본 논문에서 설계하는 내용을 실제 구현하고 실험을 수행하였다. 실험에서는 MS-워드문서 정보를 변형하였을 경우 문서 접근이 되는지를 수행하였다. 실험을 수행한 결과 MS-word 접근제어시스템이 정상적으로 잘 동작됨을 확인할 수 있었다. This paper designs access control system for MS-word(Microsoft-word) document system. The system designed in this paper uses the document-related information by analyzing the MS-word document structure. It is designed to block access to users who can not access the modified information by partially modifying MS-word document information. This makes it impossible to read documents other than those who have access to the MS-word document. This allows you to control access to the MS-word document. A user with access to the MS-word document will be able to retrieve the modified information back to the original information so that the document can be read normally. In this paper, we design and implement experiments. In the experiment, we performed document access if MS-word document information was modified. Experimental results show that the MS-word access control system operates normally.

Forgery Detection Mechanism with Abnormal Structure Analysis on Office Open XML based MS-Word File

HanSeong Lee,Hyung-Woo Lee 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2019 Journal of Advanced Smart Convergence Vol.8 No.4

We examine the weaknesses of the existing OOXML-based MS-Word file structure, and analyze how data concealment and forgery are performed in MS-Word digital documents. In case of forgery by including hidden information in MS-Word digital document, there is no difference in opening the file with the MS-Word Processor. However, the computer system may be malfunctioned by malware or shell code hidden in the digital document. If a malicious image file or ZIP file is hidden in the document by using the structural vulnerability of the MS-Word document, it may be infected by ransomware that encrypts the entire file on the disk even if the MS-Word file is normally executed. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze forgery and alteration of digital document through internal structure analysis of MS-Word file. In this paper, we designed and implemented a mechanism to detect this efficiently and automatic detection software, and presented a method to proactively respond to attacks such as ransomware exploiting MS-Word security vulnerabilities.

Plasma Membrane Localized GCaMP-MS4A12 by Orai1 Co-Expression Shows Thapsigargin- and Ca²⁺-Dependent Fluorescence Increases

Han, Jung Woo,Heo, Woon,Lee, Donghyuk,Kang, Choeun,Kim, Hye-Yeon,Jun, Ikhyun,So, Insuk,Hur, Hyuk,Lee, Min Goo,Jung, Minkyu,Kim, Joo Young Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2021 Molecules and cells Vol.44 No.4

Uniquely expressed in the colon, MS4A12 exhibits store-operated Ca²⁺ entry (SOCE) activity. However, compared to MS4A1 (CD20), a Ca²⁺ channel and ideal target for successful leukaemia immunotherapy, MS4A12 has rarely been studied. In this study, we investigated the involvement of MS4A12 in Ca²⁺ influx and expression changes in MS4A12 in human colonic malignancy. Fluorescence of GCaMP-fused MS4A12 (GCaMP-M12) was evaluated to analyse MS4A12 activity in Ca²⁺ influx. Plasma membrane expression of GCaMP-M12 was achieved by homo- or hetero-complex formation with no-tagged MS4A12 (nt-M12) or Orai1, respectively. GCaMP-M12 fluorescence in plasma membrane increased only after thapsigargin-induced depletion of endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ stores, and this fluorescence was inhibited by typical SOCE inhibitors and siRNA for Orai1. Furthermore, GCaMP-MS4A12 and Orai1 co-transfection elicited greater plasma membrane fluorescence than GCaMP-M12 co-transfected with nt-M12. Interestingly, the fluorescence of GCaMP-M12 was decreased by STIM1 over-expression, while increased by siRNA for STIM1 in the presence of thapsigargin and extracellular Ca²⁺. Moreover, immunoprecipitation assay revealed that Orai1 co-expression decreased protein interactions between MS4A12 and STIM1. In human colon tissue, MS4A12 was expressed in the apical region of the colonic epithelium, although its expression was dramatically decreased in colon cancer tissues. In conclusion, we propose that MS4A12 contributes to SOCE through complex formation with Orai1, but does not cooperate with STIM1. Additionally, we discovered that MS4A12 is expressed in the apical membrane of the colonic epithelium and that its expression is decreased with cancer progression.