Simulink와 X-Plane을 이용한 모의 근접비행 시뮬레이션 환경 개발연구

이상훈,박찬휘,박영후,이대우 한국항공우주학회 2021 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.49 No.6

Prior to the actual flight test of the separation-reintegration situation of fixed-wing mother and child UAVs in the air, it is necessary to verify the flight control system of child UAV through simulations. In this paper, we build a simulation environment for the development of a child UAV flight control system in a lab environment based on the wake turbulence of X-Plane. To this end, the aerodynamics analysis of child UAV was performed, and Simulink was used to simulate aircraft, and X-Plane was utilized to implement visualization, wind, gusts, and mother UAV movements. The simulation environment built by performing simulated proximity flights was verified by applying the guidance and control algorithm to the child UAV model within Simulink. Furthermore, the flight results confirm the area in which the child UAV can safely fly from the rear of the mother UAV. 고정익 모선과 자선의 공중에서의 분리-재결합 상황에 대한 실제 비행시험 이전에 시뮬레이션을 통해 자선의 비행제어 시스템을 검증할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 X-Plane의 후류 기능을 기반으로 연구실 환경에서 자선의 비행제어 시스템 개발을 위한 시뮬레이션 환경을 구축하였다. 이를 위해 자선의 공력해석을 수행하고 Simulink를 사용하여 항공기를 모사하였으며, X-Plane을 활용하여 시각화와 바람, 돌풍, 모선의 이동을 구현하였다. 유도제어 알고리즘을 Simulink 내 자선 모델에 적용하여 모의 근접비행을 수행함으로써 구축된 시뮬레이션 환경을 검증하였다. 또한 비행 결과를 통해 자선이 모선 후방에서 안전하게 비행할 수 있는 영역을 확인하였다.

경비업무를 효율적으로 수행하기 위한 드론(쿼드콥터)의 비행특성에 관한 연구

한기봉,하정훈 한국경호경비학회 2023 시큐리티연구 Vol.- No.76

최근 4차산업의 발달과 더불어 드론에 관한 연구 및 활용 분야에 관심이 커지는 추세이다. 드론은 물리 보안, 군사, 교통안전, 실종자 수색, 치안, 방송 통신, 물류, 농업 등 다양한 분야에서 활용되고 있다. 드론을 이용한 경비업무는 다양한 장점이 있다. 그러나 드론으로 장시간 경비업무를 하는 데에는 배터리 용량으로 인해 비행시간에 한계를 가진다. 본 연구에서는 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 드론이 비행을 하는데 영향을 주는 드론의 질량과 비행 각도에 따른 비행시간, 비행거리, 비행 속도와 같은 비행 특성들과의 관계를 알아보았다. 연구 결과 드론의 질량이 작을수록 비행시간은 증가하고 비행 각도가 0°일 때 비행시간이 가장 길었으며, 비행 각도가 증가할수록 비행시간이 짧아지는 반면에 속도는 2차 곡선으로 증가함을 알 수 있다. 또한, 비행 각도가 0°~30°사이에서는 비행거리가 급격히 증가하다가 비행 각도가 30°일 때 드론은 최대거리를 비행하였고 이후에는 비행거리가 급격히 감소함을 알 수 있었다. 이는 넓은 지역 경비를 위해서는 비행 각도를 30°로 비행하는 것이 가장 최적이고, 특정 경계 지역으로 드론을 급파시킬 때는 비행 각도를 30이상 유지하면서 비행하는 것이 빠른 시간에 드론을 이동시킬 수가 있다. 이와 같은 연구 결과를 적절하게 응용하여 드론을 운영한다면 향후 경비업무에 더욱 효율적인 방법으로 드론을 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. Recently, with the development of the 4th industrial revolution, there is a growing interest in the research and use of drones. Drones are used in various fields such as physical security, military, transportation safety, missing person search, public security, broadcasting and communication, logistics, and agriculture. Security work using drones has various advantages. However, long-term security work with drones has limitations in flight time due to battery capacity. In this study, we investigated the relationship between flight characteristics such as flight time, flight distance, and flight speed according to the mass and flight angle of the drone that affect the drone's flight through computer simulation. As a result of the study, the smaller the mass of the drone, the greater the flight time, and the longest flight time was when the flight angle was 0°. As the flight angle increased, the flight time became shorter, while the speed increased in a quadratic curve. Additionally, when the flight angle was between 0° and 30°, the flight distance increased rapidly. When the flight angle was 30°, the drone flew the maximum distance, and after 30°, the flight distance rapidly decreased. For guarding a wide area, it is optimal to fly at a flight angle of , and when dispatching a drone to a specific border area, flying it while maintaining the flight angle above allows the drone to be moved quickly. If these research results are appropriately applied and drones are operated, it is expected that drones will be able to be used in a more efficient way for security work in the future.

모션 기반 헬리콥터 시뮬레이터 개발 연구

나유찬,조영진 국제문화기술진흥원 2022 The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technolo Vol.8 No.3

비행 시뮬레이터는 조종사들이 다양한 상황에 능숙하게 대처하고 비행감을 느낄 수 있도록 해주는 장치로 현 대 항공 분야에서 과학화 훈련에 관한 관심이 증가함에 따라 항공 훈련기관에서는 시뮬레이터를 개발 및 운용하는 사례가 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 상용 비행 시뮬레이터 프로그램과 모션 프로그램을 활용하여 모션 기반 헬리콥터 시뮬레이터를 개발하는 과정에 관하여 기술하였다. 연구 과정에서 선행연구를 통하여 헬리콥터 비행교육의 특수성과 모션 시뮬레이터의 긍정적인 효과를 확인하였으며, 모의비행훈련장치에 대한 구성과 현행 규정을 파악하고 헬리콥터 모션 시뮬레이터를 개발하는 과정에서 모션 시스템의 설계와 프로그램에 관하여 연구하였다. 시뮬레이터의 시스템 설계와 구조설계를 바탕으로 모션 프로그램을 설정하고 비행 시뮬레이터로부터 수신되는 데이터를 식별하여 예상 작동 형상을 확인하였다. 우리는 본 연구를 통해 모션 기반 헬리콥터 시뮬레이터를 완성하여 조종사 훈련에 긍 정적인 기대효과를 마련하고자 한다. A flight simulator is a device that allows pilots attain proficiency of various situations and a sense of flight, and as interest in scientific training increases in modern aviation, aviation training organization develop and operate simulators. Therefore, in this study, the process of developing a motion-based helicopter simulation Training Device using a commercial program. Citing previous studies, the specificity of helicopter flight education and the positive effect of motion simulators were confirmed. In addition, the design and program of the motion device were studied in the process of checking the configuration and current regulations of flight simulation training devices and developing a helicopter motion simulator. A motion program was set based on the system design and structural design of the flight simulator, and data received from the flight simulator was identified to confirm the expected operating shape. Through this study, we intend to create a positive expected effect on pilot training by completing a motion-based helicopter simulator.

비행 시뮬레이션을 위한 전역 탐색과 크리깅 기반 다정밀도 해석 기법 연구

이대연,전형근,조성준,Maxim Tyan,이재우,남화진,서정재 한국항공우주학회 2014 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.4

본 연구에서는 비행 시뮬레이션을 위한 전역탐색 및 크리깅 기반 다정밀도 해석 기법을 정립하였다. 비행 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 설계된 비행체의 성능을 분석 임무 요구도 만족 여부를 판단하였다. 정확도와 효율성을 높이기 위해 다정밀도 해석 프로세스를 정립, 데이터베이스를 구축하였다. 저정밀도 해석에는 VLM 기반 AVL 프로그램을 사용하였으며, 고정밀도 해석에는 건국대학교 공력해석 및 설계연구실에서 개발한 in- house CFD 코드 AADL-3D를 사용하였다. 저정밀도 해석 결과와 고정밀도 해석 결과의 효율적인 통합을 위해 전역탐색과 크리깅 기법이 사용되었다. 다정밀도 해석을 통해 비례 함수를 구하였으며, 크리깅 기법을 사용하여 근사모델을 생성, 공력 데이터베이스를 통합하였다. 비행 시뮬레이션 수행, 저정밀도 해석 결과와 다정밀도 해석 결과 비교를 통해 정립된 기법의 타당성을 검증하였다. In this study, multi fidelity analysis technique using global exploration and kriging was established for performance analysis through flight simulation. Mission requirement was set up by analyze purpose of glide aircraft and mission profile. Performance from flight simulation was compared with mission requirement. Multi fidelity aero database was constructed for improve the accuracy and efficiency. AVL program was used for low fidelity analysis and AADL-3D in-house CFD code, was developed at the konkuk university, was used for high fidelity analysis. These programs were used for multi fidelity analysis process. Kriging method and global exploration were used for integrate low and high fidelity analysis results. Flight simulation for analyze performance of basic guided bomb configuration was performed using 3 DOF trajectory simulation module built in matlab simulink toolbox, and aero database.

Implementation of Educational UAV with Automatic Navigation Flight

Myeong-Chul Park(박명철),Hwa-ra Hur(허화라) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2019 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.24 No.8

This paper proposes a UAV equipped with an automatic control system for educational purposes such as navigation flight or autonomous flight. The proposed UAV is capable of automatic navigation flight and it is possible to control more precisely and delicately than existing UAV which is directly controlled. And it has the advantage that it is possible to fly in a place out of sight. In addition, the user may arbitrarily change the route or route information to use it as an educational purpose for achieving the special purpose. It also allows you to check flight status by shooting a video during flight. For this purpose, it is designed to check the image in real time using 5.8GHz video transmitter and receiver. The flight information is recorded separately and used as data to judge the normal flight after the flight. The result of the paper can be flighted along the coordinates specified using GPS information. Since it can receive real-time video, it is expected to be used for various education purposes such as reconnaissance of polluted area, achievement of special purpose, and so on.

Virtual Reality Head Mounted Display 기반 공군 조종사 모의비행 훈련 시뮬레이터 운용효과에 관한 연구

박영도(Young Do Park),마정목(Jungmok Ma) 대한인간공학회 2021 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.40 No.2

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare Visual Monitor (VM)-based and Virtual Reality Head Mounted Display (VR HMD)-based simulated flight training simulators in terms of flight training effects, user experience effects. Background: VR HMD-based simulators can increase immersion and realism by providing more realistic virtual environments in comparison to VM-based simulators. Existing studies related to VR HMD-based simulators have been mainly focused on flight training effects of pilots rather than all the effects collectively. Method: This study conducted a comparative experiment of VM-based and VR HMD-based simulators with 25 Republic of Korea Air Force F-15K fighter pilots. The survey measured 20 detailed evaluation items related to flight training effects and user experience effects using a 7-point scale for the two simulators. Results: 5 out of 10 items on flight training effects, 8 out of 10 items on user experience effects were statistically significantly higher in VR HMD-based simulators than in VM-based simulators. Conclusion: When VR HMD-based simulators are used to the flight training for Air Force pilots, practical operational effects can be improved in terms of flight training effects, user experience effects. Application: The results of this study are expected to help us understand the system characteristics of VR HMD-based simulators.

Flight Control Simulators for Unmanned Fixed-Wing and VTOL Aircraft

Naoharu Yoshitani,Shin-ichi Hashimoto,Takehiro Kimura,Kazuki Motohashi,Shoh Ueno 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8

Flight control simulators for fixed-wing air craft and VTOL(VerticalTake-offandLanding) air craft have been developed for understanding flight control dynamics and for improving control strategies and performances. They simulate automatic control of a flight path of the aircraft, using six-degree-of-freedom nonlinear equation store present aircraft dynamics. The control system is multi-layered. For fixed-wing aircraft, it consists of flight-path controller, heading and flight-path angle controller, acceleration controller and attitude controller. The control strategy is based on ’required acceleration’, proposed by the first author. On the other hand, the VTOL aircraft is of ducted-fantype. It has apropeller at the top of the duct, fixed vanes below it to cancel the counter torque of the propeller, and control vanes to control the attitude. The simulators have proved effective in testing and improving aircraft control strategies.

Extracting Flight Plans from Recorded ADS-B Trajectories

이현웅,이학태 한국항공우주학회 2023 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.24 No.2

Historic aircraft trajectory data are valuable resources for various research in the field of air traffic management. With the widespread use of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B), these data are relatively easier to obtain. However, there are instances, where the original flight plans that do not contain controller interventions are necessary, such as developing scenarios for Human-in-The-Loop (HiTL) simulations. Even though the air traffic control system keeps records of the flight plan data, they are more difficult to obtain and often are not in the correct format to be applied to simulations. In this study, an algorithm is developed, which can extract the flight plan from recorded ADS-B trajectory and the Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP) that contains all the route and procedure information. The algorithm was validated against HiTL simulation results, where both the resulting trajectories with controller interventions and the original flight plans are available and showed a 98 percent success rate. The algorithms are applied to find the flight plans of about one million flights in the year 2019 that contain trajectory points inside the Incheon Flight Information Region (FIR). This flight plan extraction algorithm will be useful not only for the fast-time or real-time simulations of the air traffic but also for aviation safety-related research areas, where the controller-pilot interactions are important.

Design of a Variable Stability Flight Control System

Park, Sung-Su,Ko, Joon-Soo The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Scie 2008 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.9 No.1

A design objective for variable stability flight control system is to develop a controller of in-flight simulation capability that forces the aircraft being flown to follow the dynamics of other aircraft. This paper presents a model-following variable stability control system (VSS) for in-flight simulation which consists of feedforward and feedback control laws, the aircraft dynamic model to be simulated, and switching and fader logics to reduce the transient effect between two aircraft dynamics. The separate design techniques for feedforward and feedback control law proposals are based on model matching and augmented linear quadratic (LQ) techniques. The system allows pilots to select and engage VSS mode, and when deselected, the aircraft reverts to the baseline flight control system. Both the baseline flight control laws and VSS control laws are computed continuously during flight. Initialization of the state values are necessary to prevent instability, since VSS control laws have integrators and filters in longitudinal, and lateral/directional axes. This paper demonstrates and validates the effectiveness and quality of VSS with F-16 models embedded in T-50 in-flight simulation aircraft.

고정밀 비행 시뮬레이션을 위한 개선 VFM 기법 연구

이치호(Chiho Lee),김무겸(Mukyeom Kim),이재륜(Jae-Lyun Lee),전권수(Kwon-Su Jeon),장막심(Maxim Tyan),이재우(Jae-Woo Lee) 한국항공우주학회 2021 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.49 No.9

최근 들어 비행 시뮬레이션 기술의 정확도 향상과 기술의 발전으로 실제 비행시험 횟수를 줄이고 시뮬레이션으로 비행 안전과 인증을 확인하는 가상 인증이 확대되는 추세에 있다. 고신뢰도의 비행 시뮬레이션을 위해서는 고정밀도의 공력 데이터를 다양한 받음각과 마하수, 옆 미끄럼각 범위에서 구성해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 정밀한 공력 데이터베이스의 구축을 위해 최적 설계에 주로 사용되는 다양한 데이터 융합 기법의 하나인 Gaussian Process(GP) 기반의 변형 정밀도 모델링(VFM, Variable Fidelity Modeling) 기법과 Adaptive Sampling 기법을 결합하여 개선 변형 정밀도(Improved VFM) 기법을 제안하였다. Case study로 F-16 전투기를 선정하고 고정밀도 데이터의 종류에 따라 4개의 Case를 분류하여 각각의 오차와 정확도를 확인하였다. 여기에 본 연구에서 제안하는 개선 VFM 데이터 융합 기법을 적용하여 고정밀 공력 데이터 사용 횟수를 최소화함으로써 그 유용함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, Gliding, Short Term Pitch Response, Roll Mode 기동에 대한 실제 실험 데이터 대비 항공안전 인증 요구 만족 여부를 확인하였다. 이를 통해 개선 변형 정밀도 모델링을 사용한 고정밀도 시뮬레이션의 가상 인증 적용 가능성을 확인하였다. Recent progress in analysis and flight simulation methods enables wider use of a virtual certification and reduces number of certification flight tests. Aerodynamic database (AeroDB) is one of the most important components for the flight simulation. It is composed of aerodynamic coefficients at a range of flight conditions and control deflections. This paper proposes and efficient method for construction of AeroDB that combines Gaussian Process based Variable Fidelity Modeling with adaptive sampling algorithm. A case study of virtual certification of a F-16 fighter is presented. Four AeroDB were constructed using different number and distribution of high-fidelity data points. The constructed database is then used to simulate gliding, short pitch, and roll response. Compliance with certification regulations is then checked. The case study demonstrates that the proposed method can significantly reduce number of high-fidelity data points while maintaining high accuracy of the simulation.