공장자동화 도입의 효과에 관한 연구

김종래,이규홍 조선대학교 생산기술연구소 1992 生産技術硏究 Vol.14 No.1

The factory automation is really the most important problem which the manufacturing industry confronts with. So, the explanation is required about the question the why the investment of factory automation if given and what result connecting with the automation is expected. The existing research about the automation is mainly made in view of engineering and technology, but enough. And, the confusion which is related to the understanding about the correct concept and the strategic effect is caused. It's cause can be find in two points of view. First, it is the confusion of age about the concept of automation. The automation is recognized to the meaning of mechanization which substitutes the work of hand for a machine under the mass productive system in a small good, but today the concept of the automation is based on the establishment of computerization. That is to say, it means to explain the use of information machinery connection with the computer, and actualization of the economies of scale and strategic importance in the economies of scope is simultaneously increasing. Second, it is the confusion of step in the automation technique based of the information. That is to say, the early automation means the automation which substitutes some cornputers of production line for Computer Numerical Control machinery. in this case, it contributies to the increase of production efficiency rather than the security of inflexibility, The automation of unit machine for each of production line is eventually composed of the island of automation, and by causing the synergy effect which is concentrated in the computer organically, and the automation which in characterized as the inflexibility like the FMS can be actualized.

스마트 팩토리의 전략적 활용 연구: 구축 목적 및 내용이 지속적 활용에 미치는 영향

오주환,김지대 한국중소기업학회 2019 中小企業硏究 Vol.41 No.4

The purpose of this study is to identify the relationships among purposes and contents of smart factory building and continuous utilization of smart factory. Specifically, this study identifies two types of purposes of smart factory building as follows: (1) improving productivity, (2) increasing flexibility. In this study, three aspects of smart factory building contents were suggested like this: (1) automation area (facility automation vs. work automation), (2) big data system focus (radical transformation vs. incremental improvement), and (3) value chain integration area (internal value chain integration vs. external value chain integration). In addition, we looked at how firm size moderates the purposes - contents - continuous utilization of smart factory relationship. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 151 manufacturing companies. More specifically, out of 151 companies, 100 are small-and-medium-sized enterprises and 51 large-sized enterprises. All questionnaires were targeted at companies with Smart Factory level above level 2. The analysis results of this study using Smart PLS statistical programs are as follows. First, the purposes of smart factory building including increasing productivity and flexibility had positive impacts on all of the contents of smart factory building. Second, all of smart factory building contents had positive impacts on the continuous use of smart factory except big data system for incremental improvement of manufacturing process. Third, the impacts of smart factory building purposes implementation on smart factory building contents varied depending on whether the purpose is productivity improvement or flexibility. Fourth, it was founded that firm size moderated the relationships of purposes - contents - continuous utilization of smart factory in such a way that large-sized firms tend to empathize the link between flexibility and smart factory building contents for continuous use of smart factory, while small-and-medium-sized-firms emphasizing the link between productivity and smart factory building contents. Most of the previous studies have focused on presenting current smart factory deployment cases. However, it is believed that this research has made a theoretical contribution in this field in that it established and verified a research model for the smart factory building strategy. Based on the findings from a working-level perspective, corporate practitioners also need to have a different approach to smart factory building, which should be emphasized depending on whether their purpose of building smart factory is to increase productivity or flexibility. In particular, since the results of this study identify the moderating effect of firm size, it is deemed necessary for firms to implement a smart factory building strategy suitable for their firm size. 본 연구의 목적은 스마트 팩토리의 전략적 활용을 위한 스마트 팩토리 구축 목적 - 스마트 팩토리 구축내용 - 스마트 팩토리 지속적 활용 간의 관계를 파악하는 것이다. 구체적으로 본 연구는 스마트 팩토리 구축 목적을 두 가지 요인 - (1) 생산성 향상, (2) 유연성 향상 - 으로 구분하고, 이들 각각이 다음의 3가지 측면의 스마트 팩토리 구축내용 - (1) 자동화 영역(설비 자동화, 업무 자동화), (2) 제조 빅데이터 기술 활용영역(생산 프로세스의 재구축을 위한 제조 빅데이터 활용, 생산 프로세스의 점진적 개선을 위한 제조 빅데이터 활용), 그리고 (3) 가치사슬 통합 범위(내부통합, 외부통합) - 에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 이어서 본 연구는 스마트 팩토리 구축 내용이 스마트 팩토리 지속적 활용에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 또한, 기업규모에 따라 스마트 팩토리 구축 목적 - 스마트 팩토리 구축 내용 - 스마트 팩토리의 지속적 활용 간의 관계가 어떻게 달라지는 지를 살펴보았다. 본 연구의 실증분석은 총 151개의 표본기업들을 대상으로 하였다. 표본기업들의 구성은 중소기업 100개사와 대기업 51개사로 구성되었다. 이의 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 생산성 및 유연성 향상이라는 스마트 팩토리 구축 목적은 스마트 팩토리의 모든 구축 내용 변수들에 긍정적 영향을 주었다. 둘째, 스마트 팩토리 구축 내용들로서 설비 자동화, 업무 자동화, 생산 프로세스의 재구축을 위한 제조 빅데이터 활용, 내부 가치사슬 통합, 외부 가치사슬 통합은 스마트 팩토리의 지속적 활용에 긍정적 영향을 주었다. 셋째, 스마트 팩토리 구축 목적이 스마트 팩토리 구축 내용에 미치는 영향은 구축 목적이 생산성 향상이냐 혹은 유연성 향상이냐에 따라 차이가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 넷째, 기업규모에 따른 조절효과 분석 결과 기업규모에 따라서 스마트 팩토리의 구축 목적과 구축 내용 간에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

중소기업의 환경요인과 흡수역량을 통한 Smart Factory 구축 연구

진성옥,서영욱 중소기업융합학회 2019 융합정보논문지 Vol.9 No.7

많은 중소기업이 Smart Factory를 구축할 때 기업 내·외부의 환경변화나 구성원들의 역량 등 기업이 처해있는 상황에 대한 충분한 고려 없이 구축하고 있다. 그래서 구축 후 활용도와 효과도 낮다. 본 연구는 ‘중소기업의 환경요인과 흡수역량을 통한 Smart Factory 구축’을 실증연구를 통하여 검증해 보는 것이다. 설문은 Smart Factory를 구축한 중소기업에서 관련 업무를 하는 인원에게 받았다. 연구결과는, 첫째, 기업 내·외부의 환경요인은 기업 내부의 흡수역량에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 기업 내부의 흡수역량은 Smart Factory 구축에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 위의 입증을 통해서 중소기업에서 Smart Factory를 구축할 때 기업의 내·외부 환경요인과 흡수역량을 바탕으로 Smart Factory 핵심영역을 구축하면 효과적이라는 것이 입증되었다. 향후는 Smart Factory 구축성과의 연구를 하고자 한다. Many small and medium-sized enterprises are deploying Smart Factory without due consideration of the circumstances in which the entity is in or outside of the entity, such as environmental changes and the capabilities of its members. Therefore, utilization and effectiveness are also low after deployment. This study verifies 'the establishment of a Smart Factory through the environmental factors and absorption capabilities of small businesses' through empirical research. The survey was received by people working for small and medium-sized companies that have established Smart Factory. The results of the study showed that first, environmental factors within and outside the company had a positive effect on the absorption capacity within the company. Second, the absorption capacity within a company has had a positive effect on the deployment of a Smart Factory. Based on the above proof, it has been proved to be effective if the core areas of the Smart Factory are built on the basis of the company's internal and external environmental factors and absorption capabilities when constructing Smart Factory in small businesses. In the future, we will study the achievements of smart factory construction.

중소기업에서 내부 환경요인을 통한 Smart Factory 핵심요인이 경영성과에 미치는 영향 연구

진성옥,서영욱 한국디지털정책학회 2019 디지털융복합연구 Vol.17 No.7

This study is an empirical study of 'the effect of the key factors of Smart Factory on management performance through internal environmental factors in small and medium enterprises'. The purpose of the research is to verify that the implementation of a Smart Factory affects the performance of management and contribute to the continued development of the company, and to suggest the national policy of expanding the deployment of a Smart Factory. The procedures were surveyed by working-level officials of small and medium-sized manufacturing companies with a Smart Factory and statistically analyzed with the SPSS and SMART PLS. The results of the study showed that first, the environmental factors within the company had a positive effect on the key components of the Smart Factory. Second, the key factor in Smart Factory has had a positive impact on management performance. The above evidence shows that the key factors in smart factory considering the environmental factors of an enterprise affect its management performance, thus laying the theoretical foundation for the performance of smart factory construction. In the future, we will study how to build a Smart Factory. 본 연구는 ‘중소기업에서 내부 환경요인을 통한 Smart Factory의 핵심요인이 경영성과에 미치는 영향’에 대한 실증연구이다. 연구 목적은 Smart Factory 구축이 경영성과에 영향을 미쳐서 회사가 지속 발전하는데 기여하는지 검증하고, 국가적으로 추진하고 있는 Smart Factory 구축 확대 정책에 대해 제언하고자 한다. 절차는 Smart Factory를 구축한 중소제조기업의 실무자를 중심으로 설문을 받아 SPSS와 SMART PLS로 통계 분석하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 기업 내부의 환경요인은 Smart Factory 핵심요인에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, Smart Factory 핵심요인은 경영성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 위의 입증을 통해서 기업의 환경요인을 고려한 Smart Factory의 핵심요인은 경영성과에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타나, Smart Factory 구축 성과의 이론적인 토대를 마련했다고 할 수 있다. 향후는 Smart Factory 구축방법 연구를 하고자 한다.

기업의 환경요인을 통한 기술혁신이 Smart Factory 구축에 미치는 영향 연구 -흡수역량을 조절변수로-

진성옥,서영욱 한국콘텐츠학회 2019 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.19 No.10

This study is an empirical study of 'the effect of Technological innovation through environmental factors of an enterprise on the implementation of a Smart Factory'. The purpose of the research is to improve the utilization and effectiveness of the Smart Factory by considering and implementing factors that will be promoted in an internal environment or focus when building. The research method was statistical analysis with SMART PLS by surveying the relevant personnel of the company that implemented the Smart Factory. The results of the study showed that internal organizational factors and self-efficacy have a positive effect on technological innovation, and technology innovation has a positive effect on the key factors of smart factory implementation. And the absorbing capacity, which is a moderating variable, has a positive effect in part on the key factors of smart factory implementation by interacting with technological innovation factors. This study can be used by companies that want to implement a smart factory, and it has the significance of laying the theoretical foundation for research on smart factory implementation through empirical analysis. 본 연구는 ‘기업의 환경요인을 통한 기술혁신이 Smart Factory 구축에 미치는 영향’에 대한 실증연구이다. 연구 목적은 Smart Factory를 구축할 때 내부환경이나 중점적으로 추진할 요인을 고려하고 구축하여 Smart Factory의 활용도와 효과를 높이는 것이다. 연구방법은 Smart Factory를 구축한 기업의 관련 인원들에게 설문을 조사하여 SMART PLS로 통계분석 하였다. 연구결과는, 기업 내부 조직 요인과 자기효능감은 기술혁신에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고, 기술혁신은 Smart Factory 구축의 핵심요인에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 그리고 조절변수인 흡수역량은 기술혁신요인과 상호작용으로 Smart Factory 구축의 핵심요인에 부분적으로 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 본 연구는 Smart Factory를 구축하려는 기업이 활용할 수 있으며, 실증분석을 통한 Smart Factory 구축연구에 이론적 토대를 마련한 의의가 있다.

Consulting Model of Material Handling Automation System

Jae-Ho Ko,Jin-Hyung Cho 한국산업경영시스템학회 2013 한국산업경영시스템학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.춘계

As the competition is globalized, companies are building the Factory automation system for increment of management effectiveness and growth of productivity as one of strategies for sustainable growth. But most of companies undergoes various trials and errors due to carrying forward without elaborate preparation of factory automation. To reduce these trials and errors, there must be a project team consist of clears project basic and experts. otherwise to consult a expert is a way to reduce trials and errors. In this study, I tried to verify what factors affect to effective building distribution automation system which is a branch of factory automation system and studied consulting model for building Material Handling Automation System utilizing Stage Gate Process which is product development process. This paper summarizes master's thesis.

물류 자동화 System의 Consulting Model

고재호,조진형 한국산업경영시스템학회 2013 한국산업경영시스템학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.춘계

As the competition is globalized, companies are building the Factory automation system for increment of management effectiveness and growth of productivity as one of strategies for sustainable growth. But most of companies undergoes various trials and errors due to carrying forward without elaborate preparation of factory automation. To reduce these trials and errors, there must be a project team consist of clears project basic and experts. otherwise to consult a expert is a way to reduce trials and errors. In this study, I tried to verify what factors affect to effective building distribution automation system which is a branch of factory automation system and studied consulting model for building Material Handling Automation System utilizing Stage Gate Process which is product development process. This paper summarizes master's thesis.

경영자를 위한 스마트팩토리 구축 로드맵 설계 및 활용

박종필 한국산업융합학회 2018 한국산업융합학회 논문집 Vol.21 No.6

Recently much attention in building smart factory has been dramatically increased. Despite the growing interest in smart factory, few practical guidelines exist how to successfully build smart factory. The purpose of this study is to postulate and develop a road map for building successful smart factory. To enhance mundane realism, we design the road map through University-Industry research collaboration. Specifically, drawing analysis of University-Industry research collaboration, we design a prototype and detailed road map or building successful smart factory. Moreover, we apply the road map into actual smart factory development. By doing so, we successfully prove the effectiveness of the road map. Therefore, this study provides the valuable guidelines and directions to build a successful smart factory. Ultimately this study is able to help a variety of factories which establish and implement smart factory. Further, we hope that this study will be placed to be an important foundation research on behalf of smart factory building.

식물공장 재배 공정 자동화 시스템의 경제성 분석

정민철,김한돈,김지민,최정민,장현승,조소운 한국건설관리학회 2022 한국건설관리학회 논문집 Vol.23 No.4

A plant factory is a facility that creates an artificial environment in a controlled space and produces plants systematically through automated facilities. However, automation in the cultivation process is insufficient compared to the internal environment control technology in plant factories. This causes the problem of an increase in operating costs due to the input of a large number of workers. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate economic feasibility by comparing before and after introducing automation in the cultivation process of plant factories. The target plant factory to be analyzed was selected, and the break-even point analysis method was used by comparing the cost required compared to the operating period. As a result, the break-even point was analyzed to be 3.4 years when automation was introduced into six processes for plant cultivation. Therefore, it can be judged that the introduction of automation is excellent in terms of economic feasibility when the target plant factory has been operated for more than 3.4 years. This study is expected to be used as basic data to analyze the economic feasibility of introducing automation in domestic and foreign plant factories.

‘상호적응형 자동화’모델로서 인간행위-공유플랫폼의 융화 - 컬쳐팩토리로서 팹랩

김화자 한국현상학회 2018 철학과 현상학 연구 Vol.79 No.-

The Fourth Industrial Revolution is pursuing a “Super-Connected, Complete Automation and Optimization” based on intelligent Cyber Physics System (CPS). Already, many businesses and nations are turning their existing manufacturing facilities into intelligence-based Smart Factories - setting “Super-Connected, Complete Automation and Optimization” as their policy goal. As the number of digital-intelligence implemented Smart Factories increase, the less valuable will the human value on “work” will become, and jobs will start to disappear quickly. The future of technological innovation that the Fourth Industrial Revolution will construct will not be based on achieving digital automation, but on properly harmonizing the tacit knowledge of the human beings, social norms, and culture. This article examines how Fab Lab can renew the “Public Values of Cooperative Work” by setting Culture Factory as a “Adaptive Automation of the harmony between Human Production Experience and Intelligent Technology” can become a founding stone for the “Model for Adaptive and Mutual Automation of Human Behavior and Platform Technology” as a “Citizen Digital Manufacturing Plant”, based on Hannah Arendt’s reason for craftsmanship and public conduct, and Gilbert Simondon’s technical philosophy on the automation of technology and the community of technology. 4차 산업혁명은 지능형 사이버물리시스템(CPS)을 토대로 ‘초연결적 완전 자동화와 최적화’를 추구하고 있다. 이미 많은 기업과 국가들은 ‘초연결적 자동화의 가치’를 실현하기 위해 정책적으로 기존의 제조공장을 지능형 기반의 스마트팩토리(Smart Factory)로 바꾸고 있다. 디지털 지능에 의한 자동화가 극대화된 스마트팩토리가 늘어날수록 인간 ‘일’의 가치는 상실되고, 일자리는 더욱 빠르게 사라질 것으로 예견된다. 4차 산업혁명의 기술이 혁신해 나갈 미래는 디지털자동화를 완성하는 것이 아니라 인간의 암묵적 지식, 사회적 규범, 문화와 디지털기술이 적절하게 조화를 이루어야 한다고 본다. 본고는 ‘디지털 시민제작공방’으로서 팹랩(Fab Lab)에 나타난 ‘인간 제작경험-지능형기술 융화의 간이(簡易) 자동화’가 컬쳐팩토리(Culture Factory)로서 ‘인간행위-공유플랫폼 기술의 상호적응형자동화 모델’의 토대가 되어 ‘인간과 기술의 협력적이면서도 공공적 가치’를 지닐수 있는가를 아렌트(Hannah Arendt)의 장인적 제작과 공공적 행위에 관한 사유, 시몽동(Gilbert Simondon)의 기술 자동화와 기술공동체 관한 기술철학에 근거해모색해 본 것이다.