Smart waste 및 환경정보 제공을 위한 주민참여형 애플리케이션 활용 연구

이소라 ( Sora Yi ),임혜숙 ( Hyesook Lim ),이정민 ( Jeongmin Lee ) 한국환경연구원 2017 한국환경정책평가연구원 기초연구보고서 Vol.2017 No.-

Waste, which has been simply disposed of so far, can be managed as 'smart waste' by tagging information on its location and characteristics using the smart information communication technology. By converting waste into smart waste, it becomes possible to manage waste resources efficiently and to create a resource circulation culture that can involve the direct participation of the residents. This study explores the applicability of the smart waste technology in Korea by analyzing the trend in mobile applications related to resource circulation and environmental information, and proposes strategies to improve contents and usage of the domestic environment-related applications and websites based on a user experience survey. In extension, the study explores the possibility of building and utilizing real-time big data in connection to the multiple platforms operated by the public institutions and the strategies to increase users and user participation on the mobile and web-based platforms. The study anticipates that the greater availability of environmental information and active user participation will improve the efficiency of the environmental policies. Previous literature has studied the use of environment-related mobile applications from various perspectives, such as 1) the use of mobile apps for waste management, 2) the contents of these mobile apps and measures for improvement, 3) the usage and utility of the mobile apps, 4) the effects of the higher access to environmental information through the mobile apps on user behavior and 5) the methods for improving the selective search and extraction of environmental information on these platforms. In addition to a literature review, this study presents case studies on how the environmental information provided through smart technology have been utilized in terms of mobile applications for resource circulation and environmental information, and the use of mobile and web-based platforms to induce participation in environmental activities. In doing so, the study categorize the mobile applications for resource circulation and environmental information into four types (information-sharing, complaint-resolving, incentive and creative activity) and presents examples for each application type. The case studies presented for the promotion of environmental activity participation include: 1) the “350 Campaign for Mitigating Climate Change”, 2) the “Environmental Issues in My Neighborhood” campaign, 3) the recycling campaign using Internet-of-Things recycling boxes and 4) the installation of artificial intelligence garbage cans for cans and PET bottles. The user experience survey conducted in this study aims to analyze the user behavior in utilizing the environmental information provided by existing environment-related mobile applications. The survey conducted 150 respondents, and the honeycomb model was used to evaluate the user experience based on five factors (useful, usable, findable, accessible and valuable) that reflect the characteristics of environmental information. The survey also included a questionnaire on the environment information contents of which the respondents wish to see on environment-related applications and websites in terms of their field of interest and specific contents related to resource circulation, water quality and air quality. The survey results show that only 47.3% of the respondents experienced using existing applications or websites. 88.7% of the users felt that existing applications and websites were useful and 78.9% replied that they were easy to use. 70.4% of the respondents thought that it was easy to search for information and 80.3% responded that the applications and websites provide easy access to services. 84.5% showed the intention to use the service in the future, implying that the application or website they use has high value. On the other hand, it was found that 52.7% of the respondents had no experience using environment-related applications or websites, and the predominant reason that prevented them from using the platforms was the lack of knowledge about the service (86.1%). Also, when asked to choose the environmental information they wish to receive through the mobile application, the respondents favored air quality the most (62.7%), then resource circulation (19.3%) and water quality (14.7%); and the preference found for websites was also in the order of air quality (48.0%), resource circulation (24.0%) and water quality (22.7%). The survey results were used as a reference in our proposal for improving the contents of the mobile applications and websites and the operation of dashboards presented in this study. In reviewing the possibility of building and using real-time big data in connection to the existing platforms of public institutions, the study performs case studies on smart city waste management and the operation of dashboards that provide real-time information. Seoul Metropolitan City and Goyang City have installed solar photovoltaic waste bins and have been monitoring them in real-time through a platform called the Clean City Network (CCN). The bins are equipped with a communication module which allow server to alert the manager when the bins are full or at the occurrence of any irregular events. The study finds that although such applications or web-based platforms are able to send or receive real-time information, they do not build real-time big data. Regarding dashboards, the cases of the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) are presented in this study. In the UK, dashboards are utilized to provide weather and air pollution information, and the US EPA operates a dashboard that provides real-time information on the hazardous waste. Based on the analyses and case studies conducted, the study presents separate proposals for developing environment-related applications by application type and web-platforms for providing information on resource circulation, water quality and air quality, and suggests strategies to promote the active utilization of environment-related applications and websites. Also, the study elaborates the suggestions for increasing users and user involvement on these platforms, which include 1) greater public relations and promotional efforts, 2) higher incentive for residents, 3) greater accessibility and usability of the services and 4) improvements in related regulations and institutional systems. From our evaluation of the possible construction of real-time big data that connects to the existing platforms, the study suggests that it is possible to create a system that users provide the real-time and location-based information by complying with big data from central and local governments. The participating private sector provides economic incentives for user participation and promoting the applications. Lastly, the study suggests a plan for an environmental information dashboard. In addition to providing weather information as in our case study, the study proposes that the dashboard also includes information on resource circulation, water quality and air quality by linking with the Korea Meteorological Administration, the Ministry of Environment, real-time water quality information system and Air Korea for the necessary data.

The Effect of the Fit between Perceived Environmental Uncertainty and Strategic Applications of Information Systems on the Firm’s Performance

최종민 한국경영교육학회 2022 경영교육연구 Vol.37 No.1

[Purpose]This study empirically investigated the fit relationships among perceived environmental uncertainty(PEUN), strategic applications levels of information systems(IS), and facilitators of IS strategic alignment. We also examined the differences in organizational performance according to the degrees of fit. We demonstrate the appropriate levels or degrees of the strategic applications of IS and the conditions of alignment facilitators under the high or low states of PEUN. [Methodology]For the study, 105 sample firms’ data were collected form Korean manufacturing firms listed on the stock market. Cluster analysis was employed as the main analytical tool. [Findings]According to the results of this study, PEUN has an indirect relationships with the strategic applications level of IS through the facilitators of alignment. The results showed that under uncertain environment, the high level of strategic applications with the well-arranged facilitators of alignment can contribute more to the improvement of performance than in the less uncertain or stable environment. Therefore, the benefits of the high level of strategic applications can be realized in the competitive and uncertain environment. The empirical results also suggested that the high levels of strategic applications of IS is combined with the high degrees of the facilitators of IS strategic alignment. [Implications]The results of this study present that the competitive advantages of the strategic IS applications are realized under the uncertain and competitive environments. However, though the environment is stable(low PEUN), the excessively low level of strategic applications may decrease the firm’s performance. Accordingly, a firm must recognize the states of external environments, and develop and obtain the appropriate degrees of the strategic applications of IS.

국제환경법상 오염자부담원칙의 우리나라 환경법에의 수용

박병도 ( Byung Do Park ) 한국환경법학회 2012 환경법연구 Vol.34 No.1

Incorporation of Polluter-Pays Principle in International Environmental Law into Korean Environmental Law Park, Byung Do The contemporary idea of the polluter pays principle(PPP) was development by the OECD in preparation for the Stockholm Conference in the same year. The definition by the OECD enlightens not only the fundamentally economic nature of the principle but also emphasizes the adoption of free market private incentives in opposition to governmental subsidies for the protection of the environment. This principle is based on the idea of ubi emolumentum, ibi onus(the one who takes the advantages of action shall bear the disadvantages related to it). PPP also serve to make the polluter liable for costs that could not have been avoided through preventive measures. PPP is an internationally recognized environmental policy principle. However, to implement the principle is not without problems. This paper is taking account of the polluter-pays principle as a general principle of international environmental law. Now there are many international environmental conventions(multilateral environmental treaties). Contracting Parties shall apply the polluter-pays principle, by virtue of which the costs of pollution prevention, control and reduction measures are to be borne by the polluter. In this paper, I analyze firstly one of the general principles of international environmental law, the concept of polluter pays principle related to pollution, specifically information and its legal effects, etc. And this article focus on this proactive pollution pays principle can be applied directly in this country that has a direct effect or whether to also analyze the report, based on this principle of international environmental law on the burden of pollution of the environment-related legislation currently in Korea Environmental Laws what exactly is being implemented that reflect the acceptance or will be discussed. In this paper, effective implementation of international environmental law in terms of domestic application and respect of international law principles of legal theory and pollution burden of domestic environmental laws is to analyze the status of acceptance. The purpose of this paper is the foundation of international environmental law norms that make up the environmental management polluter pays principle applies to domestic issues and the principles of environment-related legislation in the country, reflected in any content, or to seek opportunities that are housed.

ICT 발전트렌드에 대응하는 공간정보의 환경이슈 적용 체계 구축 : 빅데이터 분석과 위성영상 활용을 중심으로

이명진 ( Moung-jin Lee ),이정호 ( Jeongho Lee ),윤정호,심창섭,김근한,채성호,이선민 한국환경연구원 2017 기본연구보고서 Vol.2017 No.-

This study aims to conduct a case study of best practices overseas and a pilot study to deal with major environmental issues in Korea through integration of ICT that has recently become a major issue, focusing on satellite images among various kinds of environmental spatial information. The study analyzed the case in which satellite images were most frequently used in all of environmental spatial information based on the study results made in the previous year. In addition, it analyzed the characteristics of satellite images in Korea and overseas, and examined the cases in which they were used in the field of environment. Furthermore, an applicable technology roadmap was drawn up to apply the case in which satellite images and ICT are integrated ― detecting drought by analyzing the variation of soil moisture ― to Korea, and a pilot study was conducted on the basis of the roadmap in Jeonbuk. There is more and more use of satellite images as an actual tool to resolve various environmental issues as shown in the previous year’s research findings. Thus, to cope with environmental problems through precise earth observation, South Korea will manage at least 8 satellites by 2020. Considering the technical characteristics of the research topic which is integration and use of environmental spatial information of satellite images and ICT, this study comparatively analyzed satellite images classified into earth observation satellites, meteorological/ocean/environmental satellites, and geostationary environmental satellites. In addition, it studied cases in which multi-sensor satellite images are used, especially verifiable projects from overseas about integration and use of satellite images and ICT. Moreover, multifaceted analysis was attempted to empirically review measures against environmental issues through integration and use of environmental spatial information of multi-sensor satellite images and ICT by conducting a detailed analysis by period and field in order to determine which satellite images in particular are mainly used in Korea, using text mining among big data analysis. Based on this analysis, a technology roadmap was drawn up, which is the technical system of integration and use of satellite images and ICT in the actual case of soil moisture. A pilot study was conducted to select the study area for actual implementation of the technology roadmap. Then a method was implemented to analyze and use the data required for observation and verification using satellite images based on ICT. In addition, an application plan was presented based on restructuring of integration and use of ICT and satellite images developed later. The characteristics of local and global satellite images were analyzed and summarized, which can be utilized in the current and future environment field. Data of local and global satellites were also investigated and summarized by classifying them into earth observation satellites (Arirang series, Landsat series), meteorological/ocean/environmental satellites (Chollian series, etc.), and geostationary environmental satellites (TEMPO, Chollian-2B GEMS, etc.). In the case study of using multi-sensor satellite images, total 55 literatures were examined, which used domestic earth observation satellites (Arirang series), meteorological/ ocean/ environmental satellites (Chollian series), and environmental thematic maps. Total 15 cases including hydrologic disasters were examined in the case of using domestic earth observation satellites, total 18 cases including studies on soil moisture were examined in the case of using domestic meteorological/ocean/environmental satellites, and total 22 cases including selection of soil erosion factor were used in the case of using environmental thematic maps. These 55 cases were analyzed in 6 fields: disaster, agriculture, forest, ocean, water quality and climate. As a result of analyzing cases of Korea’s leading satellites Arirang and Chollian as well as environmental thematic maps, about 50% of 55 cases were directly or indirectly related to soil moisture. More specifically, direct or indirect correlation with soil moisture was found in 9 out of 14 cases in the disaster category, 7 out of 7 cases in the agriculture category, 3 out of 8 in the forest category, 1 out of 3 in the ocean category, 5 out of 17 in the water quality category, and 1 out of 6 in the climate category. This showed that research on soil moisture is adequate for research on integration and use of domestic satellites and thematic maps in the field of environment. Based on the above, a case study was conducted on the integration and use of soil moisture-related satellite images and ICT. The advanced cases about integration and use of satellite images and ICT included ‘AfSIS project’, ‘WEAM4i project’, and ‘ERMES project’. This study examined and summarized which technical role is performed by satellite images and ICT in the environmental issues of soil moisture for each case. In analyzing the integration and use of multi-sensor satellite images using big data, the text mining method was used, which is a method of analyzing unstructured data and natural language among various methods of big data analysis. This was conducted in a network analysis through the self-developed text mining program based on the R program developed in the previous year. A detailed analysis was conducted for each time and field regarding which satellite images are mainly used in Korea. In addition, the theoretical background of the integration and use of multi-sensor satellite images was analyzed. This was categorized into spatial resolution, spectral resolution and temporal resolution to present integration method. Based on the above, central spectral wavelength range, and spatial resolution were elicited, which form the basis of integration and use of multi-sensor satellite images in the field of environment. It is necessary to integrate and use the earth observation satellites with good spatial resolution and meteorological/ocean/environmental satellites with good temporal resolution as a integration and utilization of multi-sensor satellite images. In particular, it is necessary to use earth observation satellites that can be ingegrated in 300-500 nm wavelength band provided by Chollian 2B. In restructuring the use of environmental spatial information focusing on satellite images that applied ICT, a measure to resolve actual environmental issues of soil moisture was presented based on the aforementioned plan of integration and use. To this end, a technology roadmap was drawn up to establish the application and utilization scheme of satellite images on soil moisture and ICT, which is intended to apply global advanced projects related to soil moisture (integration of satellite images and ICT) in Korea. More specifically, a technological system is established and presented to apply the integration and use of soil moisture-related satellite images and ICT from overseas verifiable projects in Korea through the following steps: 1) acquiring soil moisture data using satellite images, 2) linking external data by establishing the ICT platform, and 3) providing analysis and utilization services. A pilot study was conducted by selecting an actual study area for demonstration in order to implement the method to analyze and use the data by linking ICT-based external data and observing local soil moisture among the content of technology roadmap. Finally, this study restructured the plan to integrate environmental spatial information focused on satellite images with ICT to resolve environmental issues of soil moisture into a soil moisture time-space monitoring system. The system to apply to environmental issues using soil moisture satellite images and ICT need soil moisture data and climate/air observation data derived from multi-sensor satellite images of earth and environmental observation satellites, as well as in-situ data on soil moisture and related thematic maps. The available environmental spatial information are produced and managed by Korea Aerospace Research Institute, National Environmental Satellite Center, Korea Meteorological Administration, Rural Development Administration, and KEI. Based on this data, ICT such as ‘big data platform,’ ‘artificial intelligence cognitive computing,’ ‘cloud computing,’ ‘IoT (Internet of Things),’ and ‘5G wired and wireless network’ can be used to predict agricultural production, forecast drought damages, provide customized services for consumers such as farming data, and support policy decision making. Review of policy suggestions was carried out in four views. The first is the need to renew and upgrade the environmental thematic maps (content and cycle). The most fundamental element of the environmental thematic map is land cover map, which is made based on satellite images and aerial photographs. In other words, to renew and upgrade the land cover maps as well as environmental thematic maps, it is necessary to integrate basic data focusing on satellite images and latest ICT in the right place. This can be actively used as the basic data to create new industrial values for the general public based on quaternary industries. Thus, it is necessary to actively invest in technological development and conduct research to renew land cover maps and related environmental thematic maps. The second is the need to reestablish the systematic status of satellite images. In the current legal-systematic regulations related to satellite images in Korea, satellite images are a type of satellite information (including communications, sound and voice), without providing their purpose of creating information and distinguishing or defining satellite information according to their use. Information from satellite images in the form of remote sensing can be used as spatial information in various issues of national life, such as environment, climate, land management, transportation, disaster and climate change. integration of data among multi-sensor remote sensing satellites and integration among different fields can be relatively easy, and demands for this is expected to grow in the future. In other words, there is a need for a new system regarding management and use of remote sensing satellite information. The third is the need to expand accessibility to satellite image data. To actualize the potential for policy application with the use of satellite images as well as integration with other fields like ICT, it is necessary to gradually ease the current access control of satellite information. Provisions about information security in laws and systems related to satellite image data must be amended. In addition, security regulations related to satellite images managed by government departments and affiliated agencies related to information security and military security must also be improved immediately, with focus on alleviating access to information. The fourth is the need to increase participation of private enterprises supporting the implementation of the new government policies. The major strategy in the 100 major government projects by the new government is creating jobs, and development of processing software, which is the essence of remote sensing satellite information service, can be acknowledged as the key technology of new future growth engine. Furthermore, not large companies but small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) or startups can focus on this business in terms of market size. Therefore, it is important to nurture service startups or specialized SMEs in the fields of remote sensing, ICT and integration and use of these fields as a major part of governance in the new government. It is also necessary to politically encourage the participation of private enterprises instead of having the government or a national institution lead the entire project from data processing and distribution after producing raw satellite images.

대학의 외부환경색채디자인개발에 관한 연구

김영미,임종훈 한국기초조형학회 2008 기초조형학연구 Vol.9 No.1

This study aims to facilitate and to promote variety of activities in a university and academic support by applying external environment color plan to educational environment in universities as a method of education integration through case survey and analysis on educational space and environmental color in accordance with integration of the disabled and non-disabled.Many changes have been made in university educational environment for the disabled and space arrangement designed universally for integrated educational education environment is being done or planned. If we could not compose their environment and support their demands, however, universities would not provide appropriate help to the disabled. Accordingly, this study examines the possibility of approaching colors with regard to universal design aspect through the external environment color plan by Korea Rehabilitation Well-Being University. First, we analyzed the current external environment color by using color analysis program. As a result, it has been concluded that external colors in the existing universities are making heavy and dry appearance with the use of monotonous color of low chroma. To solve this kind of problem, we surveyed improvement direction and orientation image through the interviews with school’s administrators, professors and students for setting the direction to which external environment color plan goes.We suggested external environment color plan, taking advantage of characteristics of space for both the disabled and non-disabled to perform more active school activities based on survey analysis results. And, we would suggest cases of external environment color plans which have been driven as the basic data for improvement of educational environment.

Environment and Development of the Weather Monitoring Application in Kosovo

Shabani, Milazim,Baftiu, Naim,Baftiu, Egzon,Maloku, Betim International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.8

The environment in Kosovo is a topic of concern for the citizens and the state because of the temperatures that affect the health of the citizens and the climate around the world. Kosovo's climate is related to its geographical position. Stretching in the middle latitude, Kosovo's climate depends on the amount of heat coming from the Sun, the proximity of the Adriatic Sea, the Vardar valley, the openness to the north. In order to better understand the climatic features of Kosovo, one must know the elements of the climate such as: sunshine, temperature, precipitation, atmospheric pressure, winds. The Meteorological Institute of Kosovo is responsible for measuring temperatures in Kosovo since 2014 and until now 12 meteorological stations have been operationalized with automatic measurement and real-time data transfer to the central system for data collection and archiving. The hydrometeorological institute lacks an application for measuring temperatures in all the countries of Kosovo. Software applications are generally built to suit the requirements of different governments and clients in order to enable easier management of the jobs they operate on. One of the forms of application development is the development of mobile applications based on android. The purpose of the work is to create a mobile application based on the Android operating system that aims to display information about the weather, this type of application is necessary and important for users who want to see the temperature in different places in Kosovo, but also the world. This type of application offers many options such as maximum temperature, minimum temperature, humidity, and air pressure. The built application will have real and accurate data; this will be done by comparing the results with other similar applications. Such an application is necessary for everyone, especially for those people whose daily work is dependent on the weather or even for those who decide to spend their vacations, such as summer or winter. In this paper, comparisons are also made within android applications for tablets, televisions and smart watches.

공동주택의 환경친화적 리모델링에 대한 거주자 의식조사

이은영,정유선,윤정숙 대한건축학회 2006 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.22 No.6

The Korean housing market has a deteriorative problem of large-scaled communal apartment housing. Instead of reconstruction, regarding the limitation of floor area ratio, environmental pollution and energy exhaustion, remodeling is becoming a trend. However, all activities of remodeling cannot be environment-friendly, although it is considered as an environment-friendly factor. Accordingly, the goal of this research is to understand the general residents' consciousness of environment-friendly remodeling and the consciousness of the environment-friendly planning element applicable to remodeling to propose a desirable application direction. The results are as follows. 1)As for environment compatibility, residents think health and amenity factors most importantly. 2)Elements like energy loss cutouts and energy saving equipments that can directly reduce the resident's living costs appeared high in applicable elements of the environment preservation. 3)The using of existing landscape appeared high in applicable elements. 4)The importance of living environmental accommodation appeared high in the usage of volatile organic-compound low-release resources.

The Conflicting Goals of Application Discoverability and Quantity of Applications: The Facilitating Role of IT Artifacts in Mobile Application Stores

Jaeki Song,Junghwan Kim,Donald R. Jones 한국경영정보학회 2011 한국경영정보학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.06

초등교사의 환경관련 수업에 대한 교사전문성

손연아 ( Yeon A Son ),김경란 ( Kyoung Ran Kim ),민병미 ( Byeong Mee Min ),최돈형 ( Don Hyung Choi ) 한국초등과학교육학회 2005 초등과학교육 Vol.24 No.2

The purpose of this study was to analyze the professionalism of elementary school teachers and to draw out factors which elementary teachers should try to improve their professionalism for environmental education. For the study, both Quantitative analysis and qualitative methodologies were applied: First, randomly selected 483 elementary teachers from Seoul and Gyeonggi self responded to 5 evaluation areas by Hungerford et al. (1994) to evaluate their environmental education professionalism through the use of five point Likert scale. Second, 2 elementary teachers` environmental classes were observed for the purpose of analyzing strengths and weaknesses in classroom instruction, and then the results of self-evaluation on environmental education professionalism and teacher professionalism as shown in the classes were compared. It was found that 483 elementary teachers including 2 teachers for analyzing classroom instruction who performed a self-evaluation gave themselves mid-scores on the Hungerford et al.`s 5 evaluation areas. However, the result of self-evaluation did not correspond with the result of actual class observation and teacher interview. That is, the actual environmental classes conducted by 2 teachers did not seemed to reflect the evaluation areas which were the foundation of the study: the conceptual awareness, the investigation & evaluation, environmental action skills, and educational application. The results of this study can be used as the basis reference to develop teaching-learning program and in-service programs for professional development of teachers for successful application of environmental education in elementary school classes.

Theoretical Consideration of the Plan for Environmental-Friendly Applications of Flood Plain around Dam

Shin, Byung-Chuel,Lee, Eun-Yeob 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study was attempted to establish concepts of environmental-friendly applications of flood plain and to suggest the application plans. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. Roles of flood plain ad biotop (restoration, preservation, and creation of stream corridor ecosystem) should be considered. 2. Application methods considering environmental and scenic values should be reviewed. 3. Application methods reflection values as regional ecological resources should be planned. 4. Preservation and application should be considered together, and obtaining a means of living for regional residents and creation of economic profits should be considered together. 5. Land application and approach method by usages (integrated management model) should be applied to utilize and manage flood plain efficiently. 6. Flood plain application programs should be designed reflecting opinions of regional residents. 7. With respect to space planning of flood plan, introduction of facilities focused on ecosystem preservation/ecosystem restoration/experiences/observation/learning/culture/recreation/water purification could be reviewed positively.