Preparation of sulfur nanoparticle-incorporated antimicrobial chitosan films

Shankar, Shiv,Rhim, Jong-Whan Elsevier 2018 Food hydrocolloids Vol.82 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Three different types of sulfur nanoparticles (SNP) were prepared and used to prepare functional chitosan/SNP composite films. The composite films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The optical, mechanical, water vapor barrier (WVP), thermal stability, and antibacterial properties of the composite films were also analyzed. The SEM analysis showed that the SNP were dispersed evenly in the chitosan film. Incorporation of SNP enhanced the hydrophobicity, mechanical strength, and water vapor barrier property as well as antimicrobial activity of the chitosan film depending on the type of SNP. Among the SNP composite films, SNP capped with chitosan (SNP3) composite film exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity against food-borne pathogenic Gram-negative (<I>Escherichia coli</I>) and Gram-positive (<I>Listeria monocytogenes</I>) bacteria with complete sterilization within 6 h and 12 h, respectively. The chitosan/SNP composite films have high potential to be used as antimicrobial food packaging films or wound dressings in biomedical applications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Three different types of sulfur nanoparticles (SNP) were prepared. </LI> <LI> Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and chitosan were used as capping agents. </LI> <LI> Chitosan-based composite films were prepared by reinforcing with sulfur nanoparticles. </LI> <LI> The nanocomposite films increased mechanical, water vapor barrier, and hydrophobic properties. </LI> <LI> The SNP-incorporated chitosan films exhibited strong antibacterial activity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Influences of Annealing Temperature on Characteristics of Composite Materials Consisting of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes and Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 Thin Films

곽진호,한진규,조삼연,부상돈 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.60 No.2

We report the synthesis and the characterization of composite materials consisting of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 (CNT-PZT) in a film structure. The CNT-PZT films were prepared by using a sol-gel process, a spin-coating method and a rapid thermal annealing process. CNT bundles in 2-methoxyethanol solution were mixed with a 7-wt% PZT sol-gel solution. The CNT-PZT solution was deposited onto (111) Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by spin-coating at 3000 rpm for 60 s and was then pyrolyzed. The samples were annealed at various temperatures in an oxygen atmosphere for crystallization. The morphological, structural and electrical properties of CNT-PZT composite films were studied with a field-emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and polarization-voltage hysteresis loops, respectively. We found that, during the annealing process,the thickness of CNT-PZT films dramatically decrease, especially in the range of 500 to 600 C,which may be related with the loss of CNTs in that temperature region due to burning. The CNTs also affect the orientation of and the number of defects in the PZT films, which change the ferroelectric properties of the films. We report the synthesis and the characterization of composite materials consisting of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 (CNT-PZT) in a film structure. The CNT-PZT films were prepared by using a sol-gel process, a spin-coating method and a rapid thermal annealing process. CNT bundles in 2-methoxyethanol solution were mixed with a 7-wt% PZT sol-gel solution. The CNT-PZT solution was deposited onto (111) Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by spin-coating at 3000 rpm for 60 s and was then pyrolyzed. The samples were annealed at various temperatures in an oxygen atmosphere for crystallization. The morphological, structural and electrical properties of CNT-PZT composite films were studied with a field-emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and polarization-voltage hysteresis loops, respectively. We found that, during the annealing process,the thickness of CNT-PZT films dramatically decrease, especially in the range of 500 to 600 C,which may be related with the loss of CNTs in that temperature region due to burning. The CNTs also affect the orientation of and the number of defects in the PZT films, which change the ferroelectric properties of the films.

Tocopherol-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and preparation of antimicrobial PBAT/silver nanoparticles composite films

Shankar, S.,Rhim, J.W. Academic Press, etc 2016 FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY -ZURICH- Vol.72 No.-

<P>Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using tocopherol (TP) as reducing and capping agents, and the AgNPs were used to prepare PBAT/AgNPs composite films. TEM results demonstrated that the AgNPs were spherical in shape with the diameter of 10-50 nm. The PBAT/AgNPs composite film exhibited plasmonic absorption peak of AgNPs at 435 nm. XRD result demonstrated the crystalline structure of AgNPs. SEM test results showed that the surface of PBAT/AgNPs nanocomposite film was rougher than PBAT or PBAT/TP films. Apparent surface color and transmittance of PBAT films were changed significantly by the addition of AgNPs. Chemical structure and thermal stability of PBAT films were not changed significantly, however, the tensile strength, water contact angle, and water vapor permeability of the composite films were increased significantly after incorporation of AgNPs. The PBAT/AgNPs nano composite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. The developed films have a high potential for being used as UV-screening and antimicrobial packaging films. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Enhanced dielectric properties and discharged energy density of composite films using submicron PZT particles

Chen, Guanliang,Lin, Xiujuan,Li, Jianan,Fisher, John G.,Zhang, Yan,Huang, Shifeng,Cheng, Xin Elsevier 2018 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL Vol.44 No.13

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Flexible dielectric composite films are highly desirable materials with potential application in capacitors due to their high energy density and discharged efficiency. However, agglomeration induced by the large surface energy of nanoparticles and their large dielectric losses are unfavorable to the improvement of energy density. Submicron lead zirconate titanate (PZT) particles have shown great potential as filler in achieving a high energy storage capacity because of their excellent dielectric properties and good dispersion. In this work, calcined PZT particles were used to prepare PZT/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite films. The results showed that composite films of high quality could be obtained even with high contents of submicron PZT particles. The introduction of PZT particles significantly improved the dielectric performance of composite films compared with that of the pristine PVDF film. The discharged energy density of composite films with 10 vol% PZT particles achieved 6.41 J/cm<SUP>3</SUP> at 250 kV/mm. A high efficiency of 87.25% was obtained at 50 kV/mm. These findings confirm the feasibility of PZT particles as inorganic filler in composite films for energy storage applications.</P>

산화아연 나노입자 유형이 카라기난 기반 복합 필름의 구조, 기계적 및 항균 특성에 미치는 영향

신가영,김효린,박소윤,박미소,김찬형,허재영 한국식품저장유통학회 2024 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.31 No.1

In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) were synthesized using three distinct zinc salts: zinc acetate, zinc chloride, and zinc nitrate. These ZnONPs were subsequently utilized in the fabrication of carrageenan-ZnONPs (Car-ZnONPs) composite films. The study assessed influence of the various ZnONPs on the morphological, water vapor barrier, color, optical, and antimicrobial properties of the Car-ZnONPs composite films. The surface morphology and UV-blocking attributes of the composite films were affected by the type of ZnONPs used, but their surface color, transparency, and chemical structure remained unaltered. The composite film's thickness and elongation at break (EB) significantly increased, while the tensile strength significantly decreased. In contrast, film’s elastic modulus (EM) and water vapor permeability coefficient (WVP) showed no significant difference. All the composite films with added ZnONPs demonstrated potent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. Among the carrageenan-based composite films, Car-ZnONPsZC showed the highest antibacterial and UV-blocking properties, and its elongation at break was significantly higher than that of the pure carrageenan films. This suggests that ZnONPs composite films have the potential to be used as an active packaging film, preserve the safety of the packaged food and extend shelf life.

Preparation and properties of carbohydrate-based composite films incorporated with CuO nanoparticles

Shankar, Shiv,Wang, Long-Feng,Rhim, Jong-Whan Applied Science Publishers 2017 Carbohydrate Polymers Vol.169 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The present study aimed to develop the carbohydrate biopolymer based antimicrobial films for food packaging application. The nanocomposite films of various biopolymers and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) were prepared by solvent casting method. The nanocomposite films were characterized using SEM, FTIR, XRD, and UV–vis spectroscopy. The thermal stability, UV barrier, water vapor permeability, and antibacterial activity of the composite films were also evaluated. The surface morphology of the films was dependent on the types of polymers used. The XRD revealed the crystallinity of CuONPs in the composite films. The addition of CuONPs increased the thickness, tensile strength, UV barrier property, relative humidity, and water vapor barrier property. The CuONPs incorporated composite films exhibited strong antibacterial activity against <I>Escherichia coli</I> and <I>Listeria monocytogenes</I>. The developed composite films could be used as a UV-light barrier antibacterial films for active food packaging.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Nanocomposite films of biopolymers and CuO nanoparticles were prepared. </LI> <LI> Mechanical, UV barrier, and water vapor barrier properties increased. </LI> <LI> Different biopolymer interacted with CuO nanoparticles differently. </LI> <LI> CuO nanoparticles incorporated films exhibited strong antibacterial activity. </LI> </UL> </P>

"The Hidden Melody" - Analysis of the Picture Composition of the Movie

Jing-Feng Tan(감경봉) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2017 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.11 No.6

영화 화면은 영사막의 네모난 틀에 한정된다. 그러므로 영화화면은 그림틀과 비슷한 점이 있다. 화면은 물상을 어디에 놓으면 감독님의 의도를 잘 표현할 수 있다. 이런 문제가 바로 화면은 어떻게 구성한 문제이다. 감독님은 장면을 조정하고 미공사는 장면을 어떻게 설계하는 문제도 있다. 아무 평면 유한한 공간에 이미지 설계를 진행하는 것은 모두 그림예술이다. 영화는 조형 예술이고 삼차원 공간이 여기에 충분히 표현할 수 있다. 동시에 이차원 형식에 표현력을 가지고 있다. 구도는 영화화면의 형식 언어 중에서 하나이다. 영화 미술에서 뛰어난 화면 구도 설계가 영화의 심미 가치와 예술 가치를 표현하기가 아주 중요한 역할을 가진다. 관중들이 영화를 감상할 때 첫 번째 느낀 것은 영화의 시각 원소이다. 영화 구도는 먼저 관중들에게 아주 독특한 심미적인 체험을 주어야 한 다음에 시각적인 미감을 나타낼 수 있다. 그리고 영화구도는 영화 미술가의 독특한 예술 개성을 놓아야 한다. 이렇게 한다면 남다른 영화를 제작할 수 있는 중요한 원인이다. 마지막, 구도는 전체 영화 작품을 중심으로 설계해야 하고 줄거리를 발전시키고 영화의 주지를 표현할 수 있도록 한다. The image of cinema description is limited within the frame of the screen; this constitutes the similarities between cinema description and picture frame. In other words, there is a problem about cinema description as to how to place image at a position that could express the director"s intention most appropriately - the composition of cinema description, or how directors do the mise-en-scine and how art designers design the scene. Any art that involves image-building in a flat and limited space can be regarded as painting art. Film is a plastic art, in which three-dimensional space can be fully demonstrated; but, it also has expressive force in two-dimensional form. Composition is also the most important form of formal language in cinema description. With respect to fine art in film, excellent composition is extremely important for the realization of the film"s aesthetic value and artistic value. When watching a movie, the audiences first come into contact with visual elements. Film composition need to bring a unique aesthetic experience to audiences, reflecting its visual beauty. Moreover, the unique artistic personality of film artist ought to be integrated into film composition, which is the key to make a film different. Finally, the overall film should be at the core of composition design, only in this way can it promote the development of the story and reveal and elaborate the film"s subject.

Preparation of perilla seed meal protein composite films containing various essential oils and their application in sausage packaging

Song, Nak-Bum,Lee, Ji-Hyun,Song, Kyung Bin 한국응용생명화학회 2015 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.58 No.1

Perilla seed meal protein (PSMP) was extracted from perilla seed oil residue, and its composite films were developed using different amounts of red algae (RA) to prepare edible films. The PSMP composite film that contained 3 % RA had the highest tensile strength (11.52 MPa) and the lowest water vapor permeability ($1.82{\times}10^{-9}g\;m/m^2$ s Pa). The incorporation of clove oil into the PSMP composite film had the highest antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes. Pork sausages packaged with the composite films containing clove oil showed antimicrobial and antioxidative activities during storage at $4^{\circ}C$. The composite film containing 1.2 % clove oil reduced the microbial growth by 1.24 log CFU/g compared to the control, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and peroxide values were reduced by 40 and 37 %, respectively. These results suggest that the PSMP/RA composite film containing 1.2 % clove oil can be utilized in sausage packaging.

젤라틴 첨가에 의한 구리 박막의 기계적 특성 변화

김민호 ( Min Ho Kim ),차희령 ( Hee Ryoung Cha ),최창순 ( Chang Soon Choi ),김종만 ( Jong Man Kim ),이동윤 ( Dong Yun Lee ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2010 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.48 No.10

To modify the physical properties of Cu thin films, gelatin is generally used as an additive. In this study, we assessed the effect of gelatin on the mechanical properties of electrodeposited Cu films. For this purpose, Cu/gelatin composite films were fabricated by adding 100 ppm of gelatin to an electrolyte, and tension and indentation tests were then performed. Additional tests based on pure Cu films were also performed for comparison. The Cu films containing gelatin presented a smaller grain size compared to that of pure Cu films. This increased the hardness of the Cu films, but addition of gelatin did not significantly affect the elastic modulus of the films. Cu films prepared at room temperature showed no significant change in the yield strength and tensile strength with an addition of gelatin, but we observed a dramatic decrease in the elongation. In contrast, Cu films prepared at 40℃ with gelatin presented a significant increase in the yield strength and tensile strength after the addition of gelatin. Elongation was not affected by adding gelatin. Presumably, the results would be closely related to the preferred orientation of the Cu thin film with the addition of gelatin and at temperatures that lead to a change in the microstructure of the Cu thin films.

Microstructures and piezoelectric performance of eco-friendly composite films based on nanocellulose and barium titanate nanoparticle

Choi, Hyeong Yeol,Jeong, Young Gyu Elsevier 2019 Composites Part B, Engineering Vol.168 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Eco-friendly nanocellulose-based composite films including different barium titanate (BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB>) nanoparticle contents were fabricated by an efficient aqueous suspension casting and following electric poling. The microstructures, dielectric/electrical property, and piezoelectric performance of the nanocellulose composite films were investigated as a function of the BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB> content. The electron microscopic images demonstrated that the BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB> nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed in the nanocellulose-based composite films. The X-ray diffraction results confirmed the presence of piezoelectric tetragonal BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB> nanoparticles in the nanocellulose matrix with cellulose II phase. The dielectric constant and loss tangent of the composite films were found to increase and decrease with increasing the BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB> content, respectively, which is favorable to achieve high piezoelectric outputs. On the other hand, the piezoelectric performance of the composite films increased with the BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB> content up to 40 wt% and it decreased for the composites with 50–60 wt% BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB>, which results from the trade-off effect between the piezoelectric performance and the mechanical stiffness of BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB> nanoparticle. Accordingly, the nanocellulose composite film with 40 wt% BaTiO<SUB>3</SUB> was found to attain maximum piezoelectric outputs of voltage of ∼2.86 V, current of ∼262.4 nA, and electric power of ∼378.2 nW under a relatively low compressional stress of 5 kPa, which was high enough to charge microcapacitors after rectification.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>