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천기철 부산경남사학회 2003 역사와 경계 Vol.47 No.-
Jikbangoegi(職方外紀), an encyclopedic writing including geography, cosmology, manners and so on, of the world, was written by a Jesuit father, Julio Aleni(艾儒略, 1582-1649). The climate and people's conditions of nations which were not within the jurisdiction of Chinese Jikbangsa(職方司) are recorded in this book. It provided a detailed information on the outside world beyond China to Choseon. It had a great influence on intellectuals which took an interest in scientific knowledge at that time and helped to change their world view. It was important in studies of scientific history for it had a great effect on astronomy and geography. Nevertheless, Jikbangoegi have not been much studied by Koreanl scholars. Because it was written in a very difficult Chinese writing, it is hard to understand this book for students. I have translated it for two years and a half. This paper is to finish my translation. I examined the tendency of study in Jikbangoegi, Aleni's growth circumstances, his intention to write it, its contents and its effect on the Confucian scholars in Choseon. In Chapter 2, I tried to understand Aleni's hardship by investigating his journey from Europe to China. I also pursued the process of writing of Jikbangoegi. In Chapter 3, I analyzed its contents and intentions. In Chapter 4, I considered intellectuals' responses in Choseon to Jikbangoe culture(職方外 文化). My conclusion is that Jikgnaoegi had a great effect on the change of intellectual's world view in the later Choseon period.
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명대 변려문의 전개와 조선으로의 유전-弘嘉 연간 강남의 吳中文人을 중심으로
김정숙 한국중국산문학회 2023 중국산문연구집간 Vol.14 No.-
In this study, I intensively researched the works of the Wu Zhong Literati (WZL) in terms of rhythmical parallel prose(RPP) included in the HuangMingZhengJiaBaCaiZiWenChao (HMZJWC). As a pre-launch, I analyzed some elements associated with the decline of RPP in the Ming dynasty. Then, I examined the relevant background in the correlation between its decline and resurrection. I was interested in learning why a regional resurrection of RPP was possible when the WZL was active in the middle of the Ming dynasty. I accurately confirmed the style of each example of RPP and checked the WZL’s works of RPP by author. I believe that the works I dealt with will prove helpful in approaching the literary demands and necessities of the Chosun Literati. The Ming dynasty belonged to a declining era in the evolving history of Chinese RPP. The main causes were policy control by nation, the pragmatic social trend in the later part of the Ming dynasty, and vigilant minds in the mainstream of the literary circle (as opposed to belles-lettres, or polite literature). Despite the decline in RPP, some regional work-activities still existed. The resurrection of RPP began with the WZL in the Jiangnan area in the middle of the Ming dynasty. Furthermore, longstanding humanistic traditions prevailed, along with the gorgeous natural environment, economic factors, and advocates of the WZL for ancient verse and prose in pursuit of Boya (博雅) (i.e., erudite-elegant style). These elements gave rise to the WZL’s resurrection of RPP, which was different from the trend at that time. Results of this research revealed that the Chosun intellectual society was not indifferent regarding RPP, even though the estimation about RPP of the Ming dynasty was remarkably low. The HMZJWC included works of the WZL, which initiated prosperity during the resurrection of RPP (e.g., “Changgu showed [the] grand river and Mianzhi reached [the] ocean”; a type of literature reflecting RPP). Representations of the individual style of the WZL’s works include Xu Zhenqing’s(徐禎卿) Dian-Li(典麗), Tang-In’s(唐寅) Li-Yi(麗逸), Yuan-Zhi’s(袁袠) Qingya-DianZhi(淸雅典則), Huang Xing-Zheng‘s(黃省曾) Zheng-Li(整麗), and Huang-fu Fang’s(皇甫汸) Liu-Li(流麗).
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