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국제기후협력 메커니즘을 고려한 한반도 기후기술협력 방안 연구 : 기후기술센터네트워크(CTCN) 기술지원 사례를 중심으로
박예지,임철희 한국기후변화학회 2023 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.14 No.3
North Korea, despite being highly exposed to climate risks, faces challenges in responding adequately to climate change. Political constraints impede bilateral cooperation between North and South Korea, necessitating a joint response to the climate crisis at the Korean Peninsula level. This study aims to develop a sustainable joint response using the Climate Technology Center and Network (CTCN), an initiative under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The study compares North Korea's technology demands from international documents with promising technologies available in the Republic of Korea through an analysis of CTCN network member organizations. By analyzing CTCN Technical Assistance (TA) projects completed in similar countries like Myanmar, Thailand, and Pakistan, implications for the Korean Peninsula are derived. Promising areas for cooperation within climate technology fields, including water, energy efficiency, and renewable energy, are identified. The study highlights potential advantages of CTCN TA for North Korea, such as project expansion through linkages with financial mechanisms like the Green Climate Fund, strengthening the government's response capacity to climate change, and establishing legal and institutional frameworks related to climate change. To facilitate collaboration, the study proposes a bypass multilateral cooperation model where the Republic of Korea's CTCN network member organizations serve as implementers for projects requested by North Korea. In summary, this study emphasizes the need for multilateral cooperation to address climate change on the Korean Peninsula. Leveraging the CTCN platform and focusing on key climate technology areas offer opportunities for collaboration, project expansion, and enhanced response capacity.
우리나라 기후기술협력 프로세스 상 젠더 주류화 전략 연구: 유엔기후변화협약 하에서 기후기술과 젠더 주류화 현황 분석에 기반하여
이계영,오채운 한국기후변화학회 2020 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.11 No.5
The issue of gender equality was introduced to the global arena in 1995 at the 4th World Conference on Women. Since then, the United Nations has pursued gender mainstreaming as an instrument to integrate gender perspectives into policy formulation, implementation, and evaluation toward gender equality. In the area of climate change, it has been recognized that gender inequality not only exacerbates the vulnerability of women to climate change, but also negatively influences the effectiveness of global action to combat climate change. Thus, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) has employed gender mainstreaming strategies since 2014 to galvanize the gender-mainstreaming actions of both parties to the UNFCCC and its constituted bodies. This paper discusses the gender mainstreaming strategies of two constituted bodies of the UNFCCC, the Climate Technology Centre & Network (CTCN) and the Green Climate Fund (GCF), designed to provide technology support to developing countries. These constituted bodies have mainstreamed gender perspectives in their governance and project implementation processes. Korea has been in collaboration with the CTCN and the GCF in its efforts to support developing countries in terms of climate technology development and transfer on the basis of the Global Climate Technology Cooperation Strategy established in 2018. In 2020, Korea plans to revise this plan considering the gender-mainstreaming efforts of the CTCN and the GCF. Therefore, this paper attempts to analyze the gender mainstreaming efforts of the CTCN and the GCF based on the gender-mainstreaming frame, with gender elements required at each stage of the project cycles. The analytical result shows that the CTCN and the GCF reflect gender elements required for each stage of a project cycle. Though the CTCN and the GCF have some differences and require further refinement in their gender-mainstreaming efforts, they provide policy implications for mainstreaming gender perspectives in the Korean climate technology cooperation strategy.
미국의 재난관련 주(State)법에 관한 연구 : 한국 법정책에의 시사점과 기후기술 협력 가능성을 중심으로
최한나,김민철 이화여자대학교 법학전문대학원 2018 Ewha Law Review Vol.8 No.-
본 연구는 미국 기후변화적응 관련법에서도 최근 이슈가 되고 있는 재난과 관련한 법제에 관한 내용이다. 미국 지방정부인 주의 재난과 관련한 법체계를 연구하였다. 미국 재난구조체계는 지방정부인 각 주별로 현장지휘권을 가진다는 특징이 있었다. 주차원에서의 대응계획은 주정부가 고유한 권한을 가진다는 것도 특이점이었다. 비상사태가 일어난 경우 도움이 필요한 주에 지원을 할 수 있고 불법행위에 대한 책임도 면제받을 수 있는 비상사태 관리 지원 협약(EMAC)은 주목할 만한 제도로 판단된다. 재난과 관련한 법은 재난의 유형별로도 다양하고 자금에 대해서도 고려해야하는 특성이 있다. 또한 장기적인 플랜 하에서 빈번하고 복잡한 재난에 대한 대비책도 함께 세워야하는 특징이 있었다. 미국의 재난과 관련한 법에서 이렇게 필요한 부분은 한국에서도 벤치마킹할 필요가 있다. 그 외에 재난과 관련한 대응에 있어서 적응기술의 개발과 상호협력이 중요한 요소로 판단되었다. 한국은 CTCN 가입기관이 세계에서 가장 많은 국가이다. 따라서 기술네트워크를 통한 기후변화 대응에 선두주자가 될 가능성이 높다. 이러한 기회를 잘 살려야 할 것이고 기후변화 적응과 재난관련 법정책 영역의 전문인력 역량강화에도 각별한 노력을 기울여야 할 것이다. This study is about the legal policy related to disasters in the United States climate change adaptation law. It was focused on the legal system related to the disaster of the US local government. The US disaster relief system was characterized by local command of each state. It was also a peculiarity that the government had a unique authority in the response plan. The Emergency Management Assistance Convention(EMAC), which provides assistance to states in the event of an emergency and is also exempted from liability for illegal acts, is a notable scheme. The laws relating to disasters are diverse in type of disaster. In addition, it is necessary to prepare measures against frequent and complicated disasters under a long-term plan. In Korea, it is necessary to benchmark the necessary parts of the US disaster law. In addition, development of adaptive technology and mutual cooperation were considered to be important factors in responding to disasters. Korea's CTCN affiliates are the largest in the world. Therefore, it is highly likely to become a leader in responding to climate change through technology networks. These opportunities should be kept alive and efforts should be taken to adapt to climate change and enhance the capacity of legal policy maker on disaster.
What Leads to the Success of Climate Technology Centre and Network Pro Bono Technical Assistance?
Lee, Wona,Bak, Inhye,Kim, Hyung-Ju,Yang, Rywon 한국기후변화학회 2020 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.11 No.5
Recently, there has been increasing interest from the Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Climate Technology Centre and Network (CTCN) advisory board on receiving pro bono support, additional financing, material, and expert support that may be provided by donors and other partners. However, there are no specific guidelines or procedures on pro bono support that may be referenced by interested parties. The Republic of Korea is one of the most active participants of pro bono support, providing up to 13 Technical Assistance (TA) as of 2020. This research is aimed at identifying the critical success factors (CSFs) of CTCN TA based on its project life cycle to derive the best practices for future references. This was undertaken using a pair-wise comparison of the analytic hierarchy process to responses from relevant stakeholders with experience in conducting CTCN TA. Then, we observed the causal mechanism of the most important factors by tracing the process of the previous two pro bono TAs provided by the Korean National Designated Entity (NDE). This analysis showed that effective stakeholder consultation and project substantiality was the most important success factor throughout the project life cycle. Additionally, evidence from the two pro bono TA cases was retrieved to identify the causal mechanisms underpinning these factors.
최가영,Hwang, Hansu,Lee, Eunmi,이수경,Jin, Taeyoung 한국기후변화학회 2020 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.11 No.5
Developing countries continue to seek technological and financial support from the international community to more effectively respond to climate change. Through the Paris Agreement, many countries pledged to develop and implement a voluntary ‘Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC),’ and accordingly the demand for developing and transferring climate technology in developing countries is expected to expand further. In this regard, the present study discusses policy implications associated with accomplishing a national NDC by comparing the climate technology demands of developing countries and the present status of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). For this, technology needs assessments (TNAs) and Climate Technology Center Network Technical Assistance (CTCN TA) data were used to understand the technology demands of developing countries and to determine the present status of the CDM regarding technology demands for developed countries. To this end, six countries among South Korea’s priority partner countries were selected Vietnam, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Chile, Peru, and Mongolia. The results of this study can be used to establish a response strategy for new market mechanisms based on the technology demands of developing countries in the future, and can further provide implications for the development of domestic advanced climate technology companies.