스포츠 심리학 : 체내 산성화 완충능력과 운동피로 억제능력의 관련성

김기진(KiJinKim) 한국체육학회 1998 한국체육학회지 Vol.37 No.4

본 연구는 사이클경기의 우수한 남자 벨로드롬 및 도로선수간에 심폐기능 및 젖산성 무산소운동능력과 관련된 특성을 비교하고, 아울러 점증적 최대운동시 젖산역치 및 호흡성 보상역치의 간격에 근거한 산성화 완충능력을 비교하였다. 또한 젖산역치수준에서의 장시간 운동시 혈중 젖산농도 및 암모니아농도의 변화에 근거한 피로억제능력 및 운동후 회복양상과 산성화 완충능의 관련성을 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다.점증적 최대운동검사에 의한 심폐기능 비교에서는 도로선수군이 벨로드롬선수군보다 우수한 것으로 나타났으나, 90초간 초최대운동에 의한 젖산성 무산소파워능력 관련변인에서는 두 그룹간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 점증적 최대운동검사에 의한 산성화 완충능력은 벨로드롬선수군이 18.35±2.56%를 나타내 도로선수군의 12.55±3.45%보다 유의하게(P<0.05) 높았다. 1시간 최대하운동시 혈중 젖산농도 최고치에서는 벨로드름선수군이 4.05±0.39mM로서 도로선수군의 3.17±0.16mM보다 유의하게(P<0.05) 높았으며, 안정시에 대한 최고치의 증가율에서도 벨로드롬선수군이 도로선수군보다 유의하게(P<0.05) 높았다. 그러나, 혈중 암모니아농도의 변화에서는 두 그룹간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 최대산소섭취량과 젖산역치수준은 0.765의 유의한(P<0.05) 상관계수를 나타냈다. 호흡성 보상역치수준, 산성화 완충능, 90초간 평균파워 및 최대하운동시 젖산증가율 등은 상호간에 각각 유의한(P<0.05) 상관계수를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과에서 벨로드름선수가 도로선수군에 비해서 심폐기능의 현저한 열세에도 불구하고 산성화 완충능이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 젖산역치에 해당하는 운동강도로 1시간의 장시간 사이클링시 전체적인 혈중 젖산농도의 증가율이 산성화 완충능과 관련성을 가지는 것으로 간주되었다. 그러나, 본 연구에서 산출된 산성화 완충능은 피로억제 및 회복능력에는 거의 영향을 미치지 않으며, 암모니아의 변화양상과의 관련성에 대해서도 계속적인 분석이 요구된다. This study made a comparison the cardiorespiratory function, lactacid anaerobic performance, and the relative buffering capacity between road and velodrome male cyclists. And, it was analyzed the relationship between the change of blood lactate and ammonia concentration during I hour submaximal cycling and the relative buffering capacity. The cardiorespiratory function of road cyclists was superior to velodrome cyclists, but the lactacid anaerobic performance was no significant differences between two groups. The relative buffering capacity of velodrome cyclists(18.35±2.56%) showed a significant higher(P<0.05) than road cyclists(12.55±3.45%). Peak value and increasing rate of blood lactate concentration in velodrome cyclists showed a significant higher(P<0.05) than road cyclists during 1 hour submaximal cycling. But the change of blood ammonia concentration during submaximal cycling was no significant differences between two groups. Maximal oxygen uptake was significantly(P<0.05) correlated to the lactate threshold in graded cycling. It was a significant(P<0.05) correlation coefficients among the relative buffering capacity, respiratory compensation threshold, mean power output of 90s supramaximal cycling, and the increasing rate of blood lactate during 1 hour submaximal cycling.In this results, it could be suggested that velodrome cyclists showed the superiority of relative buffering capacity to road cyclists. And the significant relationship showed between the relative buffering capacity and the blood lactate tolerance during 1 hour submaximal cycling. But it could not be suggested the relationship between the relative buffering capacity and inhibitory and recovery capacity to exercise-induced fatigue doting continuous submaximal cycling, and the clear cut relationship of relative buffering capacity with the changes of blood ammonia concentraion during I how submaximal cycling.

A Prediction of Specific Heat Capacity for Compacted Bentonite Buffer

Seok Yoon,Geon-Young Kim,Min-Hoon Baik 한국방사성폐기물학회 2017 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.15 No.3

고준위폐기물을 처분하기 위한 심층 처분시설은 지하 500~1,000 m 깊이의 암반층에 설치된다. 심층 처분시스템의 구성 요 소로는 처분용기, 완충재, 뒷채움 및 근계 암반이 있다. 이 중 완충재는 심층 처분시스템에 있어 필수적인 요소인데, 완충재 는 지하수 유입으로부터 처분용기를 보호하고, 방사성 핵종 유출을 저지한다. 처분용기에서 발생하는 고온의 열량은 완충 재로 전파되기에 완충재의 열물성은 처분시스템의 안정성 평가에 상당히 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 완충재의 열전도도 규명 에 대한 연구는 많이 진행되고 있는 반면, 비열에 대한 연구는 미진한 상태이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내 경주산 압축 벤 토나이트 완충재(KJ-II)에 대한 비열 추정 모델을 개발하고자 하였다. 압축 벤토나이트 완충재의 비열은 이중 탐침법을 이용 하여 다양한 포화도와 건조밀도에 따라 측정하였으며, 총 33개의 실험 데이터를 토대로 회귀분석을 이용하여 경주 압축 벤 토나이트의 비열을 추정할 수 있는 모델을 제시하였다. A geological repository for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste is generally constructed in host rock at depths of 500~1,000 meters below the ground surface. A geological repository system consists of a disposal canister with packed spent fuel, buffer material, backfill material, and intact rock. The buffer is indispensable to assure the disposal safety of high-level radioactive waste, and it can restrain the release of radionuclides and protect the canister from the inflow of groundwater. Since high temperature in a disposal canister is released to the surrounding buffer material, the thermal properties of the buffer material are very important in determining the entire disposal safety. Even though there have been many studies on thermal conductivity, there have been only few studies that have investigates the specific heat capacity of the bentonite buffer. Therefore, this paper presents a specific heat capacity prediction model for compacted Gyeongju bentonite buffer material, which is a Ca-bentonite produced in Korea. Specific heat capacity of the compacted bentonite buffer was measured using a dual probe method according to various degrees of saturation and dry density. A regression model to predict the specific heat capacity of the compacted bentonite buffer was suggested and fitted using 33 sets of data obtained by the dual probe method.

Salivary Parameters of Buffer Capacity, pH Saliva and pH Plaque Related to Dental Caries Activity in School Student

Risqa Rina Darwita,Peter Andreas 대한예방치과학회 2013 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.9 No.3

Objective: Dental caries is a major worldwide oral disease problem in children. Although caries are known to be influenced by dietary factors, the disease results from a bacterial infection; thus, caries susceptibility may be affected by environment factors such as saliva. This study aimed to determine a possible correlation between caries prevalence and caries risk markers that important factors for caries development in school children age 7-8 year in 5 areas of DKI Jakarta. Methods: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional study which data were collected from 500 school children in DKI Jakarta age 7-8 years old who were received dental examination including dental caries was used score DMF-S, pH saliva, pH plaque and buffer capacity.The screening starts with simple clinical observations, expanding to a diversified pattern of tests to assess the un-stimulated buffer capacity, pH saliva and pH plaque. Results: The results show that the Mean±SD score DMF-Sof school children was 0.193±0.4015. While Mean±SD buffer capacity of un-stimulated saliva was 4.763±2.1628, the pH un-stimulated saliva 6.830±0.4991, the other result shows that pH plaque was 6.246±0.4094. There was significant correlation (R=0.229, p<0.0001) between score DMF-Sand buffer capacity, pH saliva and pH plaque. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the level of buffer capacity, pH saliva, and pH plaque are the importance of screening for caries risk markers.

온도 변화를 고려한 압축 벤토나이트 완충재의 수분흡입력 평가

윤석,고규현,이재완,김건영 한국지반공학회 2019 한국지반공학회논문집 Vol.35 No.11

The compacted bentonite buffer is one of the major components of an engineered barrier system (EBS) for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW), and it is considered the best candidate for the buffer material. The buffer is located between disposal canisters and near-field rock mass, and it interrupts the release of radionuclide from disposal canisters and protect them from the penetration of groundwater. At initial disposal condition, degree of saturation of the compacted bentonite buffer decreases because of high thermal quantities released from the disposal canisters. However, the degree of saturation of the compacted bentonite buffer gradually increases caused by inflow of groundwater. The saturated and unsaturated behavior of the buffer is a very important input data since it can determine the safety performance of EBS. Therefore, this paper investigated water retention capacity (WRC) for the Korean compacted bentonite buffer. The WRC of the compacted bentonite buffer was derived by measuring volumetric water content and water suction when temperature variation was between 24°C∼125°C considering decrease of degree of saturation with respect to temperature increase. The WRC was also derived with the same volumetric water content under the room temperature condition, and it showed 1∼15% larger water suction than high temperature condition.

압축 벤토나이트 완충재의 비열 추정

윤석,김건영,백민훈 한국방사성폐기물학회 2017 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.15 No.3

고준위폐기물을 처분하기 위한 심층 처분시설은 지하 500~1,000 m 깊이의 암반층에 설치된다. 심층 처분시스템의 구성 요 소로는 처분용기, 완충재, 뒷채움 및 근계 암반이 있다. 이 중 완충재는 심층 처분시스템에 있어 필수적인 요소인데, 완충재 는 지하수 유입으로부터 처분용기를 보호하고, 방사성 핵종 유출을 저지한다. 처분용기에서 발생하는 고온의 열량은 완충 재로 전파되기에 완충재의 열물성은 처분시스템의 안정성 평가에 상당히 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 완충재의 열전도도 규명 에 대한 연구는 많이 진행되고 있는 반면, 비열에 대한 연구는 미진한 상태이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 국내 경주산 압축 벤 토나이트 완충재(KJ-II)에 대한 비열 추정 모델을 개발하고자 하였다. 압축 벤토나이트 완충재의 비열은 이중 탐침법을 이용 하여 다양한 포화도와 건조밀도에 따라 측정하였으며, 총 33개의 실험 데이터를 토대로 회귀분석을 이용하여 경주 압축 벤 토나이트의 비열을 추정할 수 있는 모델을 제시하였다. A geological repository for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste is generally constructed in host rock at depths of 500~1,000 meters below the ground surface. A geological repository system consists of a disposal canister with packed spent fuel, buffer material, backfill material, and intact rock. The buffer is indispensable to assure the disposal safety of high-level radioactive waste, and it can restrain the release of radionuclides and protect the canister from the inflow of groundwater. Since high temperature in a disposal canister is released to the surrounding buffer material, the thermal properties of the buffer material are very important in determining the entire disposal safety. Even though there have been many studies on thermal conductivity, there have been only few studies that have investigates the specific heat capacity of the bentonite buffer. Therefore, this paper presents a specific heat capacity prediction model for compacted Gyeongju bentonite buffer material, which is a Ca-bentonite produced in Korea. Specific heat capacity of the compacted bentonite buffer was measured using a dual probe method according to various degrees of saturation and dry density. A regression model to predict the specific heat capacity of the compacted bentonite buffer was suggested and fitted using 33 sets of data obtained by the dual probe method.

중거리 및 마라톤선수의 유, 무산소 운동능력 및 상대적 완충능

김기진 대한스포츠의학회 1997 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.15 No.2

The analysis of aerobic-anaerobic performance and buffering capacity in athletes could be consider to the important processing in the suggestion of optimal training program and demanded physical capacity. The aim of the study was to analysis the difference of aerobic-anaerobic performance and relative functional buffering capacity in in middle-distance and marathon runners. Marathon runners showed a significantly higher (P<0.05) VO_2max, time to exhaustion and VO_2-LT than middle-distance runners. Exercise intnesity on the lactate threshold and RCP in marathon runners showed a significantly higher marathon runners showed a significantly lower (P<0.05) the middle-distance runners. In the Wingate test, peak power output in marathon runners showed a significantly lower (P<0.05) the middle-distance runners, but no significant difference showed the other parameters in Wingate test between two groups. Middle-distance runners showed a significantly higher (P<0.05) than marathon runners in recruitment of lactate metabolism. In this results, the significant differences of parameters relation to the aerobic-anaerobic performance showed between elite middle-distance and marathon runners. In addition to, it could be confirmed that relative functional buffering capacity be suggested the important factor for the analysis of specificity between middle-distance and marathon runners.

우식위험도 검사 결과와 유아기 우식증 사이의 상관관계에 대한 예비연구

허선재,신터전,현홍근,김정욱,장기택,이상훈,김영재 대한소아치과학회 2017 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.44 No.3

This study aimed to compare chair-side test results for caries risk assessment and evaluate how well the tests reflect caries experience. The study was conducted on children aged < 6 years in primary dentition. Dental examination of children was conducted to determine the dmft index and subjects were divided into two groups : group Ⅰ (dmft < 6), group Ⅱ (dmft > 6). This study used four kinds of test kits (Plaque-check PH kit, Saliva-check buffer kit, Saliva-check mutans kit, Cytoperio analysis system). Saliva buffer capacity was significantly low in the high caries experience group (dmft > 6) and correlated with dmft index. Saliva pH level correlated significantly with saliva buffer capacity. The results showed that plaque pH and saliva pH levels had no correlation with dmft index. The Streptococcus mutans level measured by using the Saliva-check mutans and Cytoperio analysis system did not correlate with dmft index. 본 연구는 임상에서 사용되는 진단도구들이 소아에서 우식위험도와 상관관계를 가지는지 여부를 확인하고, 소아에서 우식위험도를효과적으로 반영하는 지표가 무엇인지 알아보기 위함이다. 32명의 6세 미만의 소아를 두 군(Ⅰ군 : dmft < 6, Ⅱ군 : dmft > 6)으로 나누었다. Plaque-check PH을 이용해 치태의 pH를 측정하고, Saliva-check buffer를 이용해 타액의 pH와 완충능력를 측정하였다. S. mutans 검출을 위해 Saliva-check mutans와 Cytoperio analysis system을 이용하였다. 타액 완충능력은 두 군에서 유의한 차이를 보이며 dmft와 상관관계를 보였고, 타액의 pH와도 유의한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 두 군 사이에 치태 pH, 타액 pH의 유의한 차이는 관찰되지 않으며 dmft와 상관관계를 가지지 않는 것으로 밝혀졌다. S. mutans 의 단일클론항체를 이용하는 Saliva-check mutans와 real-time PCR에 기반한 Cytoperio analysis system은 dmft와 유의한 상관관계를 가지고 있지 않는 것으로 밝혀졌다.

벤토나이트 완충재의 열물성이 온도 변화에 미치는 영향

김민준,이승래,윤석,전준서,김민섭 한국지반공학회 2018 한국지반공학회논문집 Vol.34 No.1

A buffer in a geological disposal system minimizes groundwater inflow from the surrounding rock and protects the disposed high-level waste (HLW) against any mechanical impact. As decay heat of a spent fuel causes temperature variation in the buffer that affects the mechanical performance of the system, an accurate estimation of the temperature variation is substantial. The temperature variation is affected by thermal and material properties of the system such as thermal conductivity, density and specific heat capacity of the buffer, and thus these factors should be properly included in the design of the system. In particular, as the thermal properties are variable depending on the density and water content of the buffer, consideration of the effects should be included in the analysis. Hence, in this study, a numerical model based on finite element method (FEM) which is able to consider the change of density and water content of the buffer was established. In addition, using the numerical model, a parametric study was conducted to investigate the effect of each thermal property on the temperature variation of the buffer.

상수 서비스 시간을 갖는 m-노드 유한버퍼 일렬대기행렬 망에서의 최적 버퍼크기 결정

서동원 경희대학교 기업경영연구소 2007 기업경영연구 Vol.13 No.-

In this study, we determine the optimal buffer capacities in m-node tandem queues with deterministic(or constant) service times at each node. The queueing network has a Poisson arrival process and consists of m nodes in series. Each node except the first node has a finite waiting line(queue), and its service discipline is a FIF0(First-In First-Out) rule. In these stochastic networks, we consider two blocking policies: communication blocking(blocking before service) and manufacturing blocking(blocking after service). The explicit expressions for stationary waiting times in all areas were driven as functions of finite buffer capacities. Then, an optimization problem was considered in which by using these explicit expressions the optimal buffer capacities were determined with respect to the tail probability of waiting times at each node, like a quality of service(QoS).

20대 여대생을 대상으로 한 치아우식활성검사 연구

윤미숙,윤혜정 한국치위생과학회 2010 치위생과학회지 Vol.10 No.6

This study surveyed salivary flow rate, salivary viscosity, and salivary buffering capacity in order to intensively analyze salivary factors among factors of occurrence in dental caries for finding mutually different factors that function in occurrence of dental caries depending on each individual. Even the acid body within dental plaque has great influence upon dental caries. Thus, the comparative analysis was carried out by surveying the hydrogen ion concentration in dental plaque. The following results were obtained in this study. 1. The average decayed teeth in the survey subjects stood at 1.67 piece. The extracted teeth caused by dental caries stood at 0.47 piece. The filled teeth were indicated to be 6.31 pieces. Accordingly, the average permanent dental caries experience teeth were surveyed to be 8.44 pieces. 2. The results according to dental caries activity test method were indicated to be 12.56±4.15ml for the average stimulated salivary flow rate, 3.89±1.83ml for non-stimulated salivary flow rate, 1.49±0.69 for salivary viscosity, and 8.51±2.44 for salivary buffering capacity. The hydrogen ion concentration test in dental plaque was indicated to be 5.62±0.50 for before brushing teeth, 5.23±0.58 for 5 minutes after brushing teeth, 5.25±0.56 for 10 minutes after brushing teeth, 5.29±0.62 for 15 minutes after brushing teeth, 5.34±0.58 for 20 minutes after brushing teeth, 5.40±0.53 for 25 minutes after brushing teeth, and 5.61±0.59 for 30 minutes after brushing teeth. 3. Stimulated salivary and non-stimulated salivary flow rate,salivary viscosity, and salivary buffering capacity were indicated to be higher in group with non-caries than group with caries. However, it was statistically insignificant. The hydrogen ion concentration in dental plaque showed wholly statistical significant in the relationship with people with dental caries under progression. However, people without dental caries were indicated to be higher than people with dental caries. 4. As for correlation between caries activity test methods, the stimulated salivary flow rate had significantly positive correlation with non-stimulated salivary flow rate(p<0.001). Non-stimulated salivary flow rate showed negative correlation with salivary buffering capacity(p<0.01). The hydrogen ion concentration test in dental plaque showed positive correlation according to the passage of time after brushing teeth. However, there was no significant correlation with salivary viscosity and salivary buffering capacity(p>0.05).