제주도에서 잠재덕 먹이원에 따른 저어새 월동지의 보호방안

이시완(Si-Wan Lee),오흥식(Hong-Shik Oh) 한국조류학회II 2006 한국조류학회지 Vol.13 No.2

제주도내에서 겨울철에 도래하는 저어새를 성산포양어장, 종달리 해안 빛 하도리 양어장에서 2003년 10월부터 2004년 6월까지 조사하여, 서식환경 및 분포양상을 파악하였다. 분포요인을 밝히기 위해서 저어새 먹이원인 어류를 비롯하여 저서무척추동물의 조사도 월동기간 중인 2004년 1월 3일~7일에 걸쳐 5개 지역(하도리, 시흥리, 종달리 백만불 수산, 종달리 해안, 성산리 갯벌)의 갯벌에서 수행하였다. 저어새는 숭어류 치자어와 망둑어류를 취식하였으며, 이들 종은 종달리 백만불수산 앞 갯벌과 성산리 갯벌에서 다른 지역보다 상대적으로 많은 개체가 채집되었다. 성산리 갯벌에서 잠재적 먹이원의 밀도가 높게 나타났다. 다른 지역보다는 종달리 백만불수산 앞 갯벌과 성산 갯벌에서 먹이활동을 하는 저어새 개체수가 앞으로 많을 것으로 판단되기에 이 지역에 대한 습지보호지역 지정 및 보전프로그램 등을 마련해서 저어새의 월동지를 보호하여야 할 것이다. From October 2003 to June 2004, we checked places such as Seoungsanpo fish-farming enclosure, Chongdalri coastline and Hadori fish-farming enclosure, in order to examine habitats environment and distribution pattern of Black-faced Spoonbill during the wintering seasons in Jheju Island. To find out distribution condition from January 3, 2004 to January 7 during Black-faced Spoonbill's wintering period, we also researched fish, feeding source of Black-faced Spoonbill, and benthos while checking five tidal flat areas (i.e. HadoRi, SiheungRi, Baegmangul Fisheries in ChongdalRi, ChongdalRi, Seoungsan tidal flats). Black-faced Spoonbill fed young individuals of Mugilidae and Gobiidae. And the number of these kinds were collected relatively more than ones in tidal flats nearby Baegmangul Fisheries and Seoungsan tidal flats. Also, the density of potential preys is higher in Baegmangul Fisheries and Seoungsan tidal flats than another areas. So in stead of other areas, Black-faced Spoonbill will feed in tidal flats nearby Baegmangul Fisheries and Seoungsan tidal flats. Therefore we recommend to protect Black-faced Spoonbill' wintering sites by designating these sites as wetland conservation areas and preparing conservation programs.

공간자료를 활용한 멸종위기종 저어새(Platalea minor)의 적합 번식지 분석 연구

정진우 ( Jung Jin-woo ),김선령 ( Kim Sunryoung ),윤영준 ( Yoon Young-jun ),도재화 ( Tho Jae-hwa ),한영덕 ( Han Yeong-deok ),장래하 ( Jang Rae-ha ) 한국환경복원기술학회 2023 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.26 No.6

This study analyzed potential breeding sites for black-faced spoonbills on 70 non-breeding, uninhabited islands in Incheon, Korea, in order to suggest potential breeding sites for black-faced spoonbills, whose breeding population has recently been increasing. By comparing the environmental characteristics of breeding and non-breeding areas identified through a literature search, we developed a discriminant to identify potential breeding areas for black-faced spoonbills. Among a total of eight environmental variables(Island area, distance from land, distance to mudflat, distance to rice field, distance to sea route, depth of water, mudflat area, rice field area), the variables that influenced the selection of breeding sites for black-faced spoonbills were average water depth, tidal flat area, and paddy field area. As a result of discriminant analysis of breeding islands using these variables, the accuracy was found to be quite high at 80%. As a result of applying the developed discriminant to non-breeding islands located in the Incheon region, a total of 9 islands(Yongrando, Goseokdo, Beolyeom, Joreumseom, Goeriseom, Hambakdo, Moido, Bigajido, Ahyeom) were identified as potential breeding grounds for spoonbills. The research results can be used as basic data for future management of black-faced spoonbill breeding sites and selection of alternative habitats.

공간자료를 활용한 멸종위기종 저어새(Platalea minor)의 적합 번식지 분석 연구

정진우,김선령,윤영준,도재화,한영덕,장래하 한국환경복원기술학회 2023 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.26 No.6

This study analyzed potential breeding sites for black-faced spoonbills on 70 non-breeding, uninhabited islands in Incheon, Korea, in order to suggest potential breeding sites for black-faced spoonbills, whose breeding population has recently been increasing. By comparing the environmental characteristics of breeding and non-breeding areas identified through a literature search, we developed a discriminant to identify potential breeding areas for black-faced spoonbills. Among a total of eight environmental variables(Island area, distance from land, distance to mudflat, distance to rice field, distance to sea route, depth of water, mudflat area, rice field area), the variables that influenced the selection of breeding sites for black-faced spoonbills were average water depth, tidal flat area, and paddy field area. As a result of discriminant analysis of breeding islands using these variables, the accuracy was found to be quite high at 80%. As a result of applying the developed discriminant to non-breeding islands located in the Incheon region, a total of 9 islands(Yongrando, Goseokdo, Beolyeom, Joreumseom, Goeriseom, Hambakdo, Moido, Bigajido, Ahyeom) were identified as potential breeding grounds for spoonbills. The research results can be used as basic data for future management of black-faced spoonbill breeding sites and selection of alternative habitats.

구지도, 칠산도 저어새 유조의 행동권 비교 연구

손석준,강정훈,권인기,김달호,이기섭,유정칠 한국환경생태학회 2020 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.34 No.2

철새는 다양한 번식지와 월동지를 이용하며, 특히 멸종위기 종의 번식지와 취식지의 정보를 파악하는 것은 종의 보전과 관리를 위해 매우 중요하다. 저어새는 동아시아 지역에 분포하는 국제적인 멸종위기 종으로 전 세계 번식 개체군의 대부분이 한반도 서해 무인도서에서 번식하며, 대만과 홍콩, 중국 남부 지역, 일본, 제주도 등에서 월동한다. 본 연구에서는 2015년도 인천 구지도에서 번식한 저어새 유조 3개체와 영광 칠산도에서 번식한 저어새 유조 3개체를 대상으로 야생동물위치추적장치를 이용하여 저어새 유조의 행동권을 분석, 비교하였다. 구지도 저어새 유조 3개체의 경우 북한 황해남도와 강령군 등의 해안지역 에서 행동권을 보였으며, 행동권 크기는(Mean±SD) MCP 425.49±116.95 km2, KDE 95% 43.61±18.51 km2, KDE 50% 7.46±3.68 km2이었으며, 칠산도 저어새 유조 3개체의 경우 영광 백수 갯벌 및 부안 새만금 간척 지역에서 MCP 99.38±55.29 km2, KDE 95% 19.87±6.05 km2, KDE 50% 1.16±0.53 km2의 행동권을 보여 구지도 번식 개체가 칠산도 번식 개체에 비해 더 넓은 행동권을 보였다. 본 연구에서 번식지인 구지도, 칠산도에서 이소한 저어새의 행동권은 주로 갯벌 지역이었으며, 이 인근 일대를 보호하기 위해서는 도로, 건설, 인간의 출입 등 인간의 방해를 최소화하는 서식지 보호 노력이 필요하다. Migratory birds use a variety of breeding and wintering sites, and it is particularly important to understand more information on breeding and feeding sites for the conservation and management of endangered species. Black-faced spoonbills (Platalea minor) are an international endangered species distributed in East Asia. The majority of black-faced spoonbills breed on uninhabited islets off the west coast of the Korean Peninsula during the breeding season, and they are distributed in East Asia such as Taiwan, Hong Kong, southern China, Japan, and Jeju island during the winter season. In this study, we used a wild animal location tracking system to analyze and compare home ranges of three black-faced spoonbills spending the post-fledging stage in Gujido islet in Incheon and Chilsando islet in Yeonggwang each in 2015. The tree black-faced spoonbills in Guji islet showed a home range in coastal areas in Hwanghaenam-do and Gangneung-gun. The home range size (mean±SD) was estimated to be 425.49±116.95 km2 using 100% MCP, 43.61±18.51 km2 using KDE 95%, and 7.46±3.68 km2 using KDE 50%. The tree black-faced spoonbills in Chilsando islet showed a home range in the Baeksu tidal flat and the Buan Saemangeum area with a size of 99.38±55.29 km2 using 100% MCP, 19.87±6.05 km2 using KDE 95%, and 1.16±0.53 km2 using KDE 50%. The figured indicated that the tree black-faced spoonbills breeding in Gujido islet had a wider home range than those breeding in Chilsando islet. During the post-fledging stage, the home ranges of black-faced spoonbills were mostly breeding in mudflats. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize human intervention, such as the construction of roads and structures and the human access, to protect the habitats during the period.

‘찾아가는 저어새 자연학교’가 참여 학생들의 생물다양성 보전에 대한 인식과 태도에 끼치는 영향

남미리(Miri Nam),윤순진(Sun-Jin Yun),남선정(Sun-Jeong Nam) 한국환경교육학회 2017 環境 敎育 Vol.30 No.3

생물다양성 보전에 대한 국제사회의 관심이 높아지면서 대중 인식 향상을 위한 생물다양성 교육 활동도 확대되고 있다. 하지만 생물다양성 교육은 학생들의 일상생활과 동떨어진 활동으로 이루어지고 있는 경우가 많다. 이 연구는 인천 지역의 초·중등학생을 대상으로 학생들의 일상생활과 연계한 10∼11차시의 생물다양성 교육사업인 인천 저어새 네트워크의 찾아가는 저어새 자연학교 교육 프로그램의 효과를 평가하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 이 프로그램에 참가한 초․중등학생 279명을 대상으로 프로그램 전․후의 생물다양성 인식과 태도, 실천 의지의 변화를 살펴보았다. 연구 결과, 교육 활동에 참여한 학생들의 생물다양성에 대한 인식, 태도, 실천 의지가 교육 활동 전보다 향상되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 학생들은 그들이 살고 있는 인천에서 번식하는 멸종위기 종인 저어새를 통해 생물다양성에 대해서 인식하고, 인간과 자연의 연계성을 인식하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 그리고 찾아가는 저어새 자연학교 교육 프로그램이 끝난 후에도 저어새와 습지, 생물다양성 보전을 위해 학생들이 할 수 있는 일을 찾아 지속적인 활동을 계획하고 실행했다. 찾아가는 저어새 자연학교 교육 프로그램은 생물다양성 교육을 학교 교육과정에 통합할 수 있는 한 사례로서 의미 있는 시사점을 제공하였다. As international concerns for the loss of biodiversity are increased, biodiversity education to raise public awareness has been improved. However, there are many cases of biodiversity education composed of activities apart from everyday life of students. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the Mobile Black-faced Spoonbill Nature School of Incheon black-faced spoonbill network, which has been promoted as a part of the school-community collaboration project composed of 10∼11 lessons classes connected with students’ everyday life and biodiversity targeting elementary and middle school students. This study examines changes in the awareness, attitude and willingness to act of participants (279 elementary and secondary school students) with regard to biodiversity. Study results show that students’ awareness, attitude and willingness to act about the biodiversity have improved. Students recognized the issues on biodiversity through understanding of the black-faced spoonbill as endangered species living in Incheon where they live and figured out the connection between humans and the nature. After participating in the mobile black-faced spoonbill nature school, students planned and conducted continuous activities they can do to conserve the biodiversity. The mobile black-faced spoonbill nature school offers meaningful implication as a case incorporating biodiversity into the school curriculum.

Nesting of the black-faced spoonbill (Platalea minor) (Pelecaniformes: Threskiornithidae) and the hybrid partner on the coasts of Khanka Lake (the Russian Federation)

Ivan Tiunov 국립중앙과학관 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.14 No.1

At the east coast of Khanka Lake (Russian Federation) on May 15, 2020, an unusual pair of spoonbill wasobserved. One of the partners was a black-faced spoonbill; the second partner included features of boththe black-faced spoonbill and the Eurasian spoonbill, which can be regarded as a hybrid. This pair had anest with two eggs, which later hatched one chick with signs of a black-faced spoonbill.

Breeding and wintering home ranges of the black-faced spoonbill Platalea minor

손석준,강정훈,이성경,김인규,유재평 국립중앙과학관 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.13 No.1

It is important to the study sites for breeding, wintering, and stopovers of migratory birds to understandtheir habitat characteristics. Black-faced spoonbills Platalea minor are an internationally endangeredmigratory bird. The majority of the population breeds on uninhabited islets off the west coast of theKorean Peninsula. By using GPS wildlife tracker on five black-faced spoonbill individuals, this studycompared the home ranges of black-faced spoonbills in the postfledging stage and investigated the homeranges of their wintering sites. In the postfledging stage, all five black-faced spoonbill individualsoccupied home ranges in the coastal area before migrating to wintering sites. The home range sizes(mean SD) were estimated to be: 65.81 25.20 km2 using 100% minimum convex polygon, 43.44 11.97km2 using 95% KDE and 8.09 2.98 km2 using 50% Kernel density estimation. At the wintering sites, thehome ranges included the coastal areas and inland areas of China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. This studycould not directly compare the home ranges of postfledging stage individuals and the home ranges ofwintering sites. It was evident, however, that efforts should be made to protect the habitats by minimizinghuman disturbances in the areas near the home ranges of the breeding and wintering sitesdescribed in this study.

Current Status and Management of Black-faced Spoonbills in Wintering Site of Jeju Island, Korea

Hong-Shik Oh(오홍식),Byoung-Soo Kim(김병수),Wan-Byoung Kim(김완병),Min-Ho Chang(장민호),Si-Wan Lee(이시완) 한국조류학회II 2009 한국조류학회지 Vol.16 No.1

제주도에서 월동하는 저어새의 현황을 파악하기 위하여 1994년부터 2009년까지 15년간(11월부터 이듬해 3월까지 5개월간) 조사하였다. 조사결과, 1994년 이후 매해 14개체 이상의 저어새가 안정적으로 머물렀고, 2002년 1월에 가장 많은 25개체가 월동하였다. 저어새는 월동기간 동안 이용할 수 있는 먹이원이 풍부하고, 위협을 덜 받는 곳에서 활동하는 것으로 나타났다. 제주도에서의 월동지 이용을 살펴보면 휴식처는 성산포 지역을, 취식장소는 성산포 내만과 종달리 갯벌을 이용하고 있었으며, 혹독한 추위에서 몸을 피하는 곳으로는 하도리 갈대밭을 선호하는 경향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 성산포와 종달리 갯벌에서 먹이활동을 하는 저어새의 개체수는 앞으로 더 증가할 것이 예상되어 이 지역을 습지보호지역으로 지정하고, 보존프로그램 등을 마련해서 저어새의 월동지를 보호해야 할 것이다. In this study, surveys running for 5 months each year from November to March, have been conducted for 15 years (from 1994 to 2009), in order to acquire an overall picture of the wintering behavior of black-faced spoonbills in Jeju Island, Korea. Over 14 individuals were observed to have flown over and stayed each year on a steady basis since 1994, reaching a peak of 25 wintering individuals in January of 2002. It was also confirmed that they were nestling in locations in which an abundant source of prey was available, and they were less threatened during their wintering period. Observing their behavior in making use of the wintering sites, they were observed to frequent Sunsanpo for a rest, and the interior bay and tidal flats in front of Jongdal-ri, Sungsanpo for feeding, while at the same time preferring to take shelter in the reedy field next to Hado-ri village when it is extremely cold. As more individual black-faced spoonbills are expected to be actively feeding in the tidal flats located in front of Jongdal-ri and Sungsanpo, it appears imperative to designate the area as a swamp conservation area, to devise a program for their conservation, and to protect their wintering sites.

Plastic debris as nesting materials of endangered species Black-faced Spoonbill (Platalea minor) in South Korea

Kisup Lee,Yong Chang Jang,Sunwook Hong,Jongmyoung Lee,In Ki Kwon 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2014 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5

Disturbance on marine wildlife is one of the serious negative impacts of marine debris. In this study, the ratio of Black-faced Spoonbills" nests that includes plastic marine debris was surveyed in an islet. The ratio of Black-faced Spoonbills’ nests containing plastic marine debris decreased from 71% in 2011 to 37% in 2011 after natural materials were provided. The total number of nests increased from 28 in 2010 to 38 in 2011. We need to pay more conservation efforts to prevent further negative impacts.

경기만 일대에서 번식하는 저어새(Platalea minor)의 포란 행동에 영향을 미치는 요인

박종현,이기섭,권인기,정훈 한국해양과학기술원 2019 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.41 No.3

Our study was conducted to examine differences in incubation behavior among breeding sites and the relationship between factor affecting environmental change and incubation behavior of the Blackfaced Spoonbill (Platalea minor). We set up the remote sensor cameras at three breeding sites (Mae-do, Namdongji, Guji-do) to observe incubation behavior in Gyeonggi Bay, South Korea from 2015 to 2018. We analyzed effects of breeding year, day of incubation started, day of incubation, the time of incubation exchanges and sex on incubation bout length. Mean incubation bout length of females (Mae-do: 7.19 ± 0.23 hours, Namdongji: 6.08 ± 0.23 hours, Guji-do: 7.96 ± 0.30 hours) was longer than males (Mae-do: 6.14 ± 0.21 hours, Namdongji: 5.45 ± 0.28 hours, Guji-do: 7.38 ± 0.29 hours). Mean incubation bout length was longer in Guji-do than other study sites. Incubation bout length tended to increase with the clutch initiation date. Males incubated their eggs at day time while female did at night time, these tendencies were observed more clearly in Guji-do. The proportion of time spent incubating of females was higher than males. Males’ proportion increased as incubation progressed and increased rate in Guji-do was higher than other study sites. Our results showed that incubation rhythm of the Black-faced Spoonbill differed among breeding sites and varied with the environmental cycle.