Different Oxygen Transmission Rate Packing Films During Modified Atmosphere Storage : Effects on Asparagus Spear Quality

Hyuk Sung Yoon,In-Lee Choi,Ho-Min Kang 한국원예학회 2017 원예과학기술지 Vol.35 No.3

The aim of this study was to determine suitable oxygen transmission rate (OTR) films for modified atmosphere (MA) storage of asparagus spears (Asparagus officinalis L.), and to examine the related changes in asparagus spear quality. Asparagus spears were packed with 10,000, 20,000, 40,000, 70,000, and 100,000 ㏄/㎡·day·atm OTR film treatments for MA storage, and perforated film (conventional storage) was used as the control. The fresh weight loss rate was less than 1% in all OTR film treatments but not in the control. In all OTR film treatments, ethylene content rapidly increased on the first day of storage, and gradually decreased thereafter to 2.0 μL·L<SUP>-1</SUP> by the final storage day. In the 10,000 ㏄ and 20,000 ㏄ OTR film treatments, carbon dioxide content was maintained within the permissible range for asparagus spears under recommended controlled atmosphere (CA) and MA conditions (5-12%). The oxygen content was maintained between 12% and 20% in all OTR film treatments. Hue angles and total chlorophyll content were highest in the 10,000 ㏄ OTR film treatment in both tips and stems. Visual quality was maintained at a saleable level only in the 10,000 ㏄ OTR film treatment until the final storage day (25 days). Based on sensory evaluation, the least off-odor was detected in the 10,000 ㏄ OTR film treatment, and the most in the control treatment. While the soluble solids content decreased with all film treatments, it was maintained at the highest level in the 10,000 ㏄ OTR film treatment. Vitamin C content decreased with all film treatments during storage, but was maintained at higher levels in the 10,000, 20,000, and 40,000 ㏄ OTR film treatments. The firmness of tips and stems increased with storage duration in all film treatments, stems were firmer under the perforated film, 10,000, and 20,000 ㏄ OTR film treatments. Given these results, the 10,000 ㏄ OTR film treatment is considered the most appropriate for MA asparagus spear storage since visual quality and soluble solids content were maintained, and fresh weight loss, vitamin C content, off-odor, and yellowing were suppressed during storage.

Influence of different cultivation systems on bioactivity of asparagus

Ku, Yang Gyu,Kang, Dong Hyeon,Lee, Choung Keun,Lee, Si Young,Ryu, Chan Seok,Kim, Dong Eok,Polovka, Martin,Namieś,nik, Jacek,Gorinstein, Shela Applied Science Publishers 2018 Food chemistry Vol.244 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Evaluation of functional and bioactive compounds of <I>Asparagus officinalis</I> L. growing in conventional and organic greenhouse and conventional open – field farming was the aim of this research. Polyphenols in cladodes grown conventionally were higher than organic. Flavonoids and carotenoids were the highest in cladodes in open field. Organic spears were richer in total phenolics (+6.9% and +19.1%) and flavonoids (+4.7% and 16.8%) and showed higher <I>in vitro</I> averages of antioxidant activities by three radical scavenging assays (+12.5% and+ 22.2%) than conventional. Partial differentiation of organically and conventionally grown samples was proved by multivariate statistics. The binding properties of polyphenols to HSA were relatively high in comparison with other plants. A strong positive correlation of binding properties and bioactivity of asparagus was estimated. All new found aspects for the first time lead to recommendation of inclusion of all investigated asparagus plants into the human diet in a wider scale.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Three cultivation growing systems of <I>Asparagus officinalis</I> L. (<I>AO</I>L) were compared. </LI> <LI> Polyphenols and flavonoids were the highest in conventional growing cladodes. </LI> <LI> The bioactivity of organic spears were higher than in conventional. </LI> <LI> The quenched fluorescence of HSA showed the bioactivity <I>AO</I>L. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Different Oxygen Transmission Rate Packing Films During Modified Atmosphere Storage: Effects on Asparagus Spear Quality

Yoon, Hyuk Sung,Choi, In-Lee,Kang, Ho-Min Korean Society of Horticultural Science 2017 원예과학기술지 Vol.35 No.3

The aim of this study was to determine suitable oxygen transmission rate (OTR) films for modified atmosphere (MA) storage of asparagus spears (Asparagus officinalis L.), and to examine the related changes in asparagus spear quality. Asparagus spears were packed with 10,000, 20,000, 40,000, 70,000, and $100,000cc/m^2{\cdot}day{\cdot}atm$ OTR film treatments for MA storage, and perforated film (conventional storage) was used as the control. The fresh weight loss rate was less than 1% in all OTR film treatments but not in the control. In all OTR film treatments, ethylene content rapidly increased on the first day of storage, and gradually decreased thereafter to $2.0{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ by the final storage day. In the 10,000 cc and 20,000 cc OTR film treatments, carbon dioxide content was maintained within the permissible range for asparagus spears under recommended controlled atmosphere (CA) and MA conditions (5-12%). The oxygen content was maintained between 12% and 20% in all OTR film treatments. Hue angles and total chlorophyll content were highest in the 10,000 cc OTR film treatment in both tips and stems. Visual quality was maintained at a saleable level only in the 10,000 cc OTR film treatment until the final storage day (25 days). Based on sensory evaluation, the least off-odor was detected in the 10,000 cc OTR film treatment, and the most in the control treatment. While the soluble solids content decreased with all film treatments, it was maintained at the highest level in the 10,000 cc OTR film treatment. Vitamin C content decreased with all film treatments during storage, but was maintained at higher levels in the 10,000, 20,000, and 40,000 cc OTR film treatments. The firmness of tips and stems increased with storage duration in all film treatments, stems were firmer under the perforated film, 10,000, and 20,000 cc OTR film treatments. Given these results, the 10,000 cc OTR film treatment is considered the most appropriate for MA asparagus spear storage since visual quality and soluble solids content were maintained, and fresh weight loss, vitamin C content, off-odor, and yellowing were suppressed during storage.

아스파라거스 부산물 추출물의 숙취 해소 및 통풍완화 효과

서태수,이재훈,임승태,이득찬,한준희,홍민,최다혜,이선엽,이재학,유근형 한국약용작물학회 2022 한국약용작물학회지 Vol.30 No.2

Background: Given the reported pharmacological effects of rutin from asparagus stems and roots, here, we assessed the anti-hangover and anti-gout effects of asparagus stem and root extracts. Methods and Results: We found that rutin amount in ethanol extracts of asparagus stems was 10.15 ㎎/g, and in hydrothermal extracts of asparagus roots it was 3.28 ㎎/g. Alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase activities in asparagus-stem extracts were 80% and 40% of those in the control group, respectively. Following hangover induction in rats using alcohol, an injection of 400 ㎎/㎏ body weight (BW) of the extract significantly reduced the blood alcohol concentration compared to that of the control group. Additionally, blood gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) concentrations measured 5 h after alcohol administration revealed that treatment with 400 ㎎/㎏ BW of extract significantly reduced GGT and GOT concentrations compared to the control group, whereas changes in GPT were not significant. Moreover, xanthine oxidase activity after treatment with hydrothermal extracts of asparagus roots was 44.01 ± 0.32%, showing 53.3% inhibition compared to the positive control (allopurinol; 82.50 ± 4.98%). To assess the anti-gout effect of hydrothermal extracts of asparagus roots, we induced gout in rats by intraperitoneal injection of potassium oxonate and measured blood uric acid, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen concentrations at 3 h post-administration of the extract. The results showed a significant reduction in creatinine and uric acid levels in the treated group compared to the control. Conclusions: These findings demonstrated the potential of asparagus stem and root extracts as functional ingredients.

아스파라거스(Asparagus officinalis L.) 뿌리 추출물의 항염증 및 항통풍 효과

이현주(Hyeon Ju Lee),한준희(Joon-Hee Han),홍민(Min Hong),최다혜(Da-Hye Choi),김종희(Jong-Hui Kim),박가희(Ka-Hee Park),박연희(Yeon-Hee Park),이재희(Jae Hee Lee),강해주(Hae Ju Kang),권태형(Tae-Hyung Kwon),안용조(Yong Jo Ahn) 한국식품과학회 2022 한국식품과학회지 Vol.54 No.6

본 연구에서는 ARW의 항염증 및 항통풍 효능을 평가하였다. LPS가 처리된 RAW 264.7 대식 세포에서 독성을 보이지 않았으며, ARW는 NO 생성 비율을 250 μg/mL 농도에서 87.3±3.3%, 500 μg/mL 농도에서 73.5±4.7%으로 NO 생성을 억제하였다. 또한 LPS를 단독 처리한 군의 경우 iNOS, COX-2 mRNA 발현이 증가하였고 LPS 및 ARW 500 μg/mL 처리한 농도군에서 COX-2 및 iNOS의 mRNA와 단백질 발현 수준이 감소함을 확인할 수 있었다. MSU를 주입하여 통풍을 유도한 마우스 발 부종은 ARW를 섭취한 군과 비교하여 감소하였다. 통풍 유도 마우스의 혈중요산, creatinine 및 BUN의 농도를 측정한 결과 ARW 투여군에서 creatinine과 요산이 감소하였으며, 마우스 신장에서 URAT1과 GLUT9의 mRNA와 단백질 발현 분석 결과 또한 감소하였다. HLPC를 이용하여 ARW의 지표성분 분석 결과 caffeic acid 함량은 1.25 mg/g, 루틴 함량은 0.08 mg/g으로 측정되었다. 국내에서 아스파라거스는 순 부위만 식용으로 사용하고 뿌리 등은 식품 원료로 등록되지 않아 모두 폐기되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 ARW의 기능성 소재로서의 개발 가능성을 확인하였고, 향후 독성 평가 및 원료의 특성 분석 등을 통하여 한시적식품원료 등록 및 기능성 소재로서의 개발에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-gout effects of asparagus root water extract (ARW). ARW was not cytotoxic up to 500 μg/mL and effectively inhibited nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. It was confirmed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of COX-2 and iNOS decreased at an ARW concentration of 500 μg/mL. We also explored the anti-gout effects using a monosodium urate-induced mouse model. Decreased concentrations of uric acid, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen were observed at an ARW concentration of 400 μg/mL. The mRNA and protein expression of URAT1 and GLUT9 in the mouse kidney decreased to the level of the positive control (allopurinol 50 μg/mL) at an ARW concentration of 400 μg/mL. We analyzed the caffeic acid and rutin contents in the ARW using HLPC; the results obtained were 1.25 and 0.08 mg/g, respectively. We suggest that ARW can be used as a functional materials agent, for its anti-inflammatory and anti-gout properties.

Actue toxictiy study of Asparagus officinalis L. root extracts in Sprague Dawley rats

Jae Hee Lee,Kyung Dae Kim,Ki Yeon Lee,Eun Ha Jang,Jin Gwan Ham 한국실험동물학회 2022 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.7

Different Oxygen Transmission Rate Packing Films During Modified Atmosphere Storage: Effects on Asparagus Spear Quality

윤혁성,최인이,강호민 한국원예학회 2017 원예과학기술지 Vol.35 No.3

The aim of this study was to determine suitable oxygen transmission rate (OTR) films formodified atmosphere (MA) storage of asparagus spears (Asparagus officinalis L.), and toexamine the related changes in asparagus spear quality. Asparagus spears were packed with10,000, 20,000, 40,000, 70,000, and 100,000 cc/m2·day·atm OTR film treatments for MAstorage, and perforated film (conventional storage) was used as the control. The fresh weightloss rate was less than 1% in all OTR film treatments but not in the control. In all OTR filmtreatments, ethylene content rapidly increased on the first day of storage, and gradually decreasedthereafter to 2.0 μL·L-1 by the final storage day. In the 10,000 cc and 20,000 cc OTR filmtreatments, carbon dioxide content was maintained within the permissible range for asparagusspears under recommended controlled atmosphere (CA) and MA conditions (5-12%). Theoxygen content was maintained between 12% and 20% in all OTR film treatments. Hue anglesand total chlorophyll content were highest in the 10,000 cc OTR film treatment in both tips andstems. Visual quality was maintained at a saleable level only in the 10,000 cc OTR film treatmentuntil the final storage day (25 days). Based on sensory evaluation, the least off-odor was detectedin the 10,000 cc OTR film treatment, and the most in the control treatment. While the solublesolids content decreased with all film treatments, it was maintained at the highest level in the10,000 cc OTR film treatment. Vitamin C content decreased with all film treatments duringstorage, but was maintained at higher levels in the 10,000, 20,000, and 40,000 cc OTR filmtreatments. The firmness of tips and stems increased with storage duration in all film treatments,stems were firmer under the perforated film, 10,000, and 20,000 cc OTR film treatments. Giventhese results, the 10,000 cc OTR film treatment is considered the most appropriate for MAasparagus spear storage since visual quality and soluble solids content were maintained, andfresh weight loss, vitamin C content, off-odor, and yellowing were suppressed during storage.

Variations of Bioactive Compound Contents and Antioxidant Capacity of Asparagus Seedlings in 23 Varieties

엄향란,이태규,Sae-Jin Hong,박남일 한국원예학회 2020 원예과학기술지 Vol.38 No.2

Antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS), bioactive compounds (total phenolic content, totalflavonoid content, rutin, and nicotiflorin), and free amino acids were analyzed in 23 asparagus(Asparagus officinalis L.) varieties at the seedling stage 1 month after sowing. Except for nicotiflorin,the antioxidative activity and bioactive compound content were similar among five varieties(‘MAM’, ‘UC7’, ‘TEM’, ‘POM’, and ‘HEM’). ‘MAM’, ‘HEM’, ‘UC7’, ‘TEM’, and ‘GRM’ containedthe most nicotiflorin among the 23 varieties. Rutin was strongly correlated with antioxidantactivity, especially ABTS activity. The major amino acids in asparagus seedlings were proline,GABA, aspartic acid, and alanine. ‘ASM’, ‘GUM’, ‘MOO’, ‘AVM’, and ‘PUP’ showed the highestfree amino acid contents, and they were different from the varieties with high antioxidant activity. Interestingly, the free amino acid content of ‘MAM’ was the lowest, even though this variety hadthe highest antioxidant activity and bioactive compound content. In contrast, ‘ASM’ showed thehighest free amino acid content, while the antioxidant capacity and rutin and nicotiflorin contents inthis variety were the lowest. The differences in major efficacy among the varieties of asparagus maybe a main factor in variety selection by producers.

Comparative Studies on Bioactive Compounds in Different Varieties of Asparagus officinalis L.

Yingyan Han,Shuangxi Fan,Jie Fu 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

아스파라거스의 모의 유통 과정에서 예냉 방법과 포장 조건이 품질에 미치는 영향

윤혁성(Hyuk Sung Yoon),최인이(In-Lee Choi),한수정(Su Jung Han),김주영(Ju Young Kim),강호민(Ho-Min Kang) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2018 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.27 No.1

본 연구는 아스파라거스의 모의 수출 온도 조건에서 예냉 처리 및 MA 포장이 생체중 감소 및 색 변화와 같은 품질 변화에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 예냉 처리는 공랭식, 수랭식, 그리고 대조구인 예냉무처리를 두었다. MA 포장은 산소투과도가 10,000cc·m<SUP>-2</SUP>·day<SUP>-1·</SUP>atm<SUP>-1</SUP> OTR 필름을 사용하였고 유공 필름(관행 처리)으로 포장한 대조구를 두었다. 모든 처리는 양구에서 일본의 시모노세키까지 수출 시 모의 유통 온도 조건을 적용하여 8℃에서 20시간 처리 후 저장 종료일까지 4℃로 두었다. 아스파라거스의 예냉은 수랭식에서 빠르게 진행되었는데, 반 냉각 시간은 공랭식에서 12분, 수랭식에서 15초였다. 예냉 처리 후 호흡률과 에틸렌 발생률은 수랭식에서 가장 낮았다. 저장 중 생체중 감소율은 관행저장 예냉 무처리에서 약 11%로 가장 높았고, MA 포장에서는 모든 처리가 0.5% 미만이었다. 포장 내 이산화탄소와 산소 농도는 공랭식과 수랭식에서 아스파라거스의 적정 CA/MA 조건을 유지하였다. 필름 포장 내 에틸렌 농도는 예냉 처리에서 낮았다. 줄기의 경도는 MA포장의 수랭식에서 가장 낮았다. 외관상 품질, 이취, 그리고 hue angle 값은 MA 포장의 수랭식에서 가장 우수하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 수랭식 및 MA 포장의 복합 처리는 수출 유통 과정에서 품질 유지에 효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다. This study was conducted to determine effects of precooling and storage methods on asparagus spears’ quality such as changes of fresh weight and color during simulated export distribution. Two types of precooling methods, air cooling and hydrocooling, were applied prior to packaging by comparing with no precooling as a control. Asparagus spears were packed with oxygen transmission rate (OTR) film for modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and perforated (PF) film for a conventional packaging. All treatments were stored at 8℃ for 20 hours, and subsequently at 4℃ by final storage day, which is simulated distribution temperature condition from Yanggu, Korea to Shimonoseki, Japan. The half cooling time was 12 minutes for air cooling and 15 seconds for the hydrocooling, indicating precooling process of asparagus spears faster with the hydrocooling. Rates of respiration and ethylene production were lowest with hydrocooling. Fresh weight loss was higher, approximately 11%, at the control condition in conventional storage, compared with the MAP, less than 0.5%. Carbon dioxide and oxygen content in the MAP was in the permissible ranges for asparagus spears under recommended CA/MA conditions under both the air cooling and hydrocooling. Ethylene content in the film package was lower with the precooling treatment. Firmness of stems was lowest with the hydrocooling prior to the MAP. Visual quality, off-odor, and hue angle value were best with hydrocooling prior to the MAP. In conclusion, the combination of hydrocooling with the MAP is effective in preserving quality during the export distribution process.