뇌경색증의 위험인자로서의 혈장지질분획 및 Apolipoprotein

배충근 ( Bae Chung Geun ),채성철 ( Chae Seong Cheol ),전재은 ( Jeon Jae Eun ),박의현 ( Park Ui Hyeon ),변영주 ( Byeon Yeong Ju ) 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.44 No.1

Background : Although blood lipids and lipoproteins are closely related to coronary atherosclerosis, their association with cerebrovascular atherosclerosis is less clearly understood. Methods : In order to study the relationship of plasma lipids and apolipoproteins to cerebral infarction, plasma lipid and apolipoprotein levels were measured in 23 male survivors of cerebral infarction and in 39 agematched male healthy controls. Plasma concentrations of lipid were measured by conventional methods and apolipoproteins by Rocket immunoelectrophoresis. Results : The mean values of total cholesterol : 178±28.8mg/dl, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) : 117±31.6mg/dl and aplipoprotein B : 100±21.7mg/dl were significantly higher in the patients group than in the controls respectively, 160±30.3mg/dl, 94±28.9mg/dl and 84±14.5mg/dl (p<0.05, p<0.01 and p<0.01). The concentration of apolipoprotein A-Ⅱ : 59±11.7mg/dl was significantly lower in the group of patients than 70±7.9mg/dl in the controlds (p<0.001). The concentrations of triglyceride, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein A-Ⅰ showed no significant differences between the two groups. The apolipoprotein A-Ⅰ/apolipoprotein A-Ⅱ ratio was significantly higher in the group of patients than in controls, but total cholesterol/LDL-cholesterol ratio and apolipoprotein A-Ⅱ/apolipoprotein B ratio were significantly lower in the group of patients. Conclusions : This study showed the differences in lipid components and apolipoprotein concentration between patients with cerebral infarction and agematched controls. Thus the measurement of apolipoprotein concentration might be a useful parameter in assessing the risk factors of cerebrovascular diseases, expecially cerebral infarction.

Apolipoproteins inhibit the innate immunity activated by necrotic cells or bacterial endotoxin

Cho, Nam-Hyuk,Seong, Seung-Yong Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2009 Immunology Vol.128 No.1

<P>Summary</P><P>We suggested earlier that the <U>hy</U>dro<U>p</U>hobic <U>po</U>rtion<U>s</U> (Hyppos) of molecules, which are normally embedded in the membranes of cells or the core of molecular structures so as to be separated from the aqueous environment, might serve as evolutionarily ancient alarm signals of injury or stress to initiate innate immune responses when they are exposed on the surface. Under normal physiological conditions, the Hyppos released from endogenous or exogenous sources might be handled by ‘Hyppo-quenchers’<I>in vivo</I> to maintain the tissue homeostasis and immune modulation. To test this idea, we selected apolipoproteins, which have been known to transport blood lipids and play a role in a number of pathological inflammatory conditions. We examined their role as Hyppo-quenchers in early immune responses and found that apolipoproteins showed significant inhibition of the nuclear factor-&kgr;B-dependent gene expression in recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and dendritic cells stimulated by necrotic cells or bacterial endotoxin. In addition, our results indicate that apolipoproteins could dramatically abrogate complement fixation on the surface of necrotic cells. These findings suggest that apolipoproteins, besides having known functions in lipid metabolism, also have a role in preventing the initiation of innate immunity, potentially through neutralizing Hyppos from injured cells or exogenous endotoxin.</P>

스포츠 생리학 : 트레드밀 걷기운동이 혈청 Apolipoprotein 대사에 미치는 영향

나재철(JaeCholNa),김종인(JongInKim) 한국체육학회 1996 한국체육학회지 Vol.35 No.2

With 14(Obesity Group: 7, Control Group: 7) female collegians who has truned 18 years old, the 120-minute treadmill walking exercise was administrated for the purpose of gaining some a basic data of sports medicine and maintaining their physical fitness, The following are the results of the experiment on their serum apolipoproteins metabolism.1. Obesity Group had 31.76% and Control Group 21.16% in %fat.2. During 2-hour walking on the treadmill, the former recorded a mean HR and VO₂of 145beats /min, 1.46 ℓ/min, the latter 131beats/min, 1.21ℓ/min.3. VO₂max(㎖/㎏·min) turned out 34.9㎖ in the former and 44.76㎖ in the latter.4. After exercise, the former group showed an increased in Apo A- I (3%) and Apo A- II non changed.5. After the walking exercise, Obesity Group revealed a decreased in Apo B(1%), both with a statistic significance(p<.01).6. After the treadmill walking, Obesity Group showed a decreased in Apo C-II(9%), Apo C-III (13%).7. After exercise, the former group a decreased in Apo B /Apo A-I ratio(4%).

Effects of Bread with Nigella Sativa on Lipid Profiles, Apolipoproteins and Inflammatory Factor in Metabolic Syndrome Patients

( Alireaz Mohtashami ),( Behzad Mahaki ),( Leila Azadbakht ),( Mohammad Hasan Entezari ) 한국임상영양학회 2016 Clinical Nutrition Research Vol.5 No.2

Nigella sativa (N.sativa) has been used in traditional medicine and many studies have been performed in different communities in order to reveal the effects of it on medical disorders and chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of bread with N. Sativa on lipid profiles, apolipoproteins, and inflammatory factors in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients. A randomized, double-blind, cross-over and clinical trial was conducted in 51 MetS patients of both sexes with age group of 20-65 years old in Chaloos, north of Iran. Patients were randomly divided in two groups. In phase 1, intervention group (A, n = 27) received daily a bread with N. sativa and wheat bran and control group (B, n = 24) received the same bread without N. sativa for 2 months. After 2 weeks of wash out period, phase 2 was started with switch the intervention between two groups. Measuring of lipid profiles, apolipoproteins and inflammatory factor was performed for all patients before and after two phases. In this study, treatment, sequence and time effects of intervention were evaluated and revealed that consumption of bread with N. sativa has no significant treatment and time effects on triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHOL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), apolipoprotein (APO)-A, APO-B and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (p > 0.05). Sequence effect was significant on CHOL, LDL, APO-A, and APO-B (p < 0.05) but was not significant on other parameters (p > 0.05). Consumption of bread with N. sativa has no a significant effect on lipid profiles, apolipoproteins and inflammatory factor in MetS patients.

Isolation, Molecular Phylogeny, and Tissue Distribution of Four cDNAs Encoding the Apolipoprotein Multigene Family in Barred Knifejaw, Oplegnathus fasciatus (Teleostei, Perciformes)

김근용,조영선,김성구,남윤권 한국수산과학회 2008 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.11 No.2

Lipoproteins are complexes of lipids and specific apolipoproteins that are involved in lipid transport and redistribution among various tissues. In this study, we isolated full-length apolipoprotein cDNA sequences encoding apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), apoE, apoC-II, and apo-14 kDa in barred knifejaw, Oplegnathus fasciatus. In addition, we reconstructed phylogenetic trees and investigated mRNA tissue distributions. Alignment analyses of amino acid sequences revealed that secondary structures of the polypeptides apoA-I, apoE, and apoC-II in barred knifejaw are well conserved with their teleostean and mammalian counterparts in terms of characteristic tandem repetitive units forming amphipathic α-helices. Both the sequence alignment data and cleavage sites of apo-14 kDa indicated a clear differentiation between Percomorpha and Cypriniformes. Meanwhile, the phylogenetic trees of apolipoprotein sub-families suggested that the common ancestor prior to the split of the Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) and Sarcopterygii (tetrapods) would have possessed the primordial protein-encoding genes. Tissue distribution of each apolipoprotein transcript determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that barred knifejaw apoA-I transcripts were more or less ubiquitously expressed in the liver, intestines, brain, muscle, spleen, and kidney. The most striking difference from previous observations on barred knifejaw was the ubiquitous expression of apoE across all somatic tissues. Barred knifejaw apoC-II showed tissue-specific expression in the liver and intestines, while the liver and brain were the major sites of apo-14 kDa mRNA synthesis.

건선 환자에서 혈청 지질 및 지질단백 검사 소견에 대한 연구

권경술 ( Kyung Sool Kwon ),서경형 ( Kyung Hyung Seo ),장호선 ( Ho Sun Jang ),정태안 ( Tae Ahn Chung ) 대한피부과학회 1996 大韓皮膚科學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with psoriasis may have an increased risk of contacting a variety of noncutaneous diseases, including arterial and venous occlusive diseases. Changes in plasma lipid and lipoprotein composition in patients with psoriasis may be the reason for the increased risk of atherosclerosis in these patients. Objective : This study was carried out to investigate the differences of serurn lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein levels between the psoriasis patients and control groups and to suggest which are related with atherogenic risk in the psoriasis. Methods : Serum lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein levels were measured in 100 patient with psoriasis and in 30 healthy people. Results : In the serum lipids study total cholesterol, TG, LDL-C and VLDL-C levels were lower and HDL-C level was higher in the psoriasis group than in the control group. Statistical significant differences were noticed in total cholesterol levels between the female psoriasis patients and the female control groups. In the serum lipoproteins study apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein (a) levels were higher and apolipoprotein A I level was lower in the psoriasis group than in the control group, and statistical significant differences of apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein (a) levels were noticed in the atherogenic risk group and severe psoriasis group compared with the control group. Conclusion : These findings suggest that the atherogenic risk in psoriasis is related with the high level of apolipoproteins especially apolipoprotein B, and is not related with serum lipid. (Kor J Dermatol 1996;34(1): 102-108)

제2형 당뇨병환자에서 관상동맥 석회화와 혈중 아포지방단백 A-1과의 관련성

서현애 ( Hyun Ae Seo ),최연경 ( Yeon Kyung Choi ),전재한 ( Jae Han Jeon ),이정은 ( Jung Eun Lee ),정지윤 ( Ji Yun Jeong ),문성수 ( Seong Su Moon ),이인규 ( In Kyu Lee ),김보완 ( Bo Wan Kim ),김정국 ( Jung Guk Kim ) 대한당뇨병학회 2009 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.33 No.6

연구배경: 제2형 당뇨는 해마다 증가하고 있으며 제2형 당뇨병환자의 사망률은 매우 높다. 관상동맥 석회화는 심혈관질환의 예측인자로 알려져 있고 관상동맥 석회화와 연관된 위험인자를 줄임으로써 제2형 당뇨병환자의 주요 사망원인인 심혈관질환은 예방될 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 관상동맥 석회화의 위험인자, 그 중 혈중 지질 및 아포지방단백에 주목하여 관상동맥 칼슘수치와의 관계에 대해 조사하였다. 방법: 경북대학교병원을 방문한 제2형 당뇨병환자 254명(남자 113명, 여자 141명)을 대상으로 multi detector-row computed tomography (MDCT)를 이용하여 관상동맥 칼슘수치를 측정하였다. 키, 몸무게, 혈압, 당화혈색소, C-peptide, 혈중지질, 아포지방단백을 함께 측정하였다. 결과: 제2형 당뇨병환자에서 Agatston 수치는 아포지방단백 A-1과 음의 상관관계를 보이며 남자, 여자 모두에서 유의한 상관관계를 보였다(남 P=0.015, 여 P=0.007). 나이와 성별을 통제변수로 하여 보정한 결과에서도 유의한 상관관계를 보였다(P=0.022). Agatston 수치를 독립변수로 하여 혈중 지질, 아포지방단백과의 연관성을 다중회귀분석으로 살펴보았을 때 아포지방단백 A-1은 독립적으로 연관성이 있는 인자였다(β coefficient=-0.047, 95% CI=-0.072 to -0.021, P<0.001). 결론: 본 연구 결과 아포지방단백 A-1은 관상동맥 칼슘수치와 독립적으로 연관성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 아포지방단백 A-1은 관상동맥 석회화를 예측하는 지표 중 하나로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. Background: The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing annually and patient mortality is high. Coronary artery calcification is a predictor of coronary artery disease. Cardiovascular events, which are the main cause of death in type 2 diabetes patients, may be preventable by addressing risk factors associated with coronary artery calcification. We examined the relationships between coronary artery calcification, lipid profiles, and apolipoprotein levels. Methods: We calculated the coronary calcium scores (CCS) of 254 subjects with type 2 diabetes (113 males, 141 females) via multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT). Height, body weight, blood pressure, HbA1c, c-peptide, lipid profile and apolipoprotein were assessed concurrently. Results: In patients with type 2 diabetes, Agatston score and apolipoprotein A-1 were significantly negatively correlated in both males and females (males P=0.015, females P=0.021). The negative correlation between Agatston score and apolipoprotein A-1 was retained for the entire patient sample after adjustments for age and sex (P=0.022). Stepwise multiple regression anaylses with the Agatston score as the dependent variable indicate that apolipoprotein A-1 is a independent predictor (β coefficient=-0.047, 95%CI=-0.072~-0.021, P<0.001) of coronary artery calcification. Conclusion: The results of our study suggest that apolipoprotein A-1 is a useful independent indicator of coronary artery calcification. (Korean Diabetes J 33:485-493, 2009)

Association of Apolipoprotein B/Apolipoprotein A1 Ratio and Coronary Artery Stenosis and Plaques Detected by Multi-Detector Computed Tomography in Healthy Population

정창희,Jenie Yoonoo Hwang,신미선,유지희,김은희,배성진,양동현,강준원,박중열,이우제,김홍규 대한의학회 2013 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.28 No.5

Despite the noninvasiveness and accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT),its use as a routine screening tool for occult coronary atherosclerosis is unclear. We investigated whether the ratio of apolipoprotein B (apoB) to apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), an indicator of the balance between atherogenic and atheroprotective cholesterol transport could predict occult coronary atherosclerosis detected by MDCT. We collected the data of 1,401 subjects (877 men and 524 women) who participated in a routine health screening examination of Asan Medical Center. Significant coronary artery stenosis defined as > 50% stenosis was detected in 114 subjects (8.1%). An increase in apoB/A1 quartiles was associated with increased percentages of subjects with significant coronary stenosis and noncalcified plaques (NCAP). After adjustment for confounding variables, each 0.1increase in serum apoB/A1 was significantly associated with increased odds ratios (ORs) for coronary stenosis and NCAP of 1.23 and 1.18, respectively. The optimal apoB/A1 ratio cut off value for MDCT detection of significant coronary stenosis was 0.58, which had a sensitivity of 70.2% and a specificity of 48.2% (area under the curve, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.58-0.63, P < 0.001). Our results indicate that apoB/A1 ratio is a good indicator of occult coronary atherosclerosis detected by coronary MDCT.

Isolation, Molecular Phylogeny, and Tissue Distribution of Four cDNAs Encoding the Apolipoprotein Multigene Family in Barred Knifejaw, Oplegnathus fasciatus (Teleostei, Perciformes)

Kim, Keun-Yong,Cho, Young-Sun,Kim, Sung-Koo,Nam, Yoon-Kwon The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2008 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.11 No.2

Lipoproteins are complexes of lipids and specific apolipoproteins that are involved in lipid transport and redistribution among various tissues. In this study, we isolated full-length apolipoprotein cDNA sequences encoding apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), apoE, apoC-II, and apo-14 kDa in barred knifejaw, Oplegnathus fasciatus. In addition, we reconstructed phylogenetic trees and investigated mRNA tissue distributions. Alignment analyses of amino acid sequences revealed that secondary structures of the polypeptides apoA-I, apoE, and apoC-II in barred knifejaw are well conserved with their teleostean and mammalian counterparts in terms of characteristic tandem repetitive units forming amphipathic ${\alpha}$-helices. Both the sequence alignment data and cleavage sites of apo-14 kDa indicated a clear differentiation between Percomorpha and Cypriniformes. Meanwhile, the phylogenetic trees of apolipoprotein sub-families suggested that the common ancestor prior to the split of the Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) and Sarcopterygii (tetrapods) would have possessed the primordial protein-encoding genes. Tissue distribution of each apolipoprotein transcript determined by semi-quantitative RTPCR showed that barred knifejaw apoA-I transcripts were more or less ubiquitously expressed in the liver, intestines, brain, muscle, spleen, and kidney. The most striking difference from previous observations on barred knifejaw was the ubiquitous expression of apoE across all somatic tissues. Barred knifejaw apoC-II showed tissue-specific expression in the liver and intestines, while the liver and brain were the major sites of apo-14kDa mRNA synthesis.

Ellagic acid, a functional food component, ameliorates functionality of reverse cholesterol transport in murine model of atherosclerosis

Park Sin-Hye,Kang Min-Kyung,Kim Dong Yeon,Lim Soon Sung,Kang Il-Jun,Kang Young-Hee 한국영양학회 2024 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.18 No.2

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES High levels of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol are an important determinant of atherosclerotic lesion formation. The disruption of cholesterol efflux or reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) in peripheral tissues and macrophages may promote atherogenesis. The aim of the current study was to examine whether bioactive ellagic acid, a functional food component, improved RCT functionality and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function in diet-induced atherogenesis of apolipoproteins E (apoE) knockout (KO) mice. MATERIALS/METHODS Wild type mice and apoE KO mice were fed a high-cholesterol Paigen diet for 10 weeks to induce hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, and concomitantly received 10 mg/kg ellagic acid via gavage. RESULTS Supplying ellagic acid enhanced induction of apoE and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter G1 in oxidized LDL-exposed macrophages, facilitating cholesterol efflux associated with RCT. Oral administration of ellagic acid to apoE KO mice fed on Paigen diet improved hypercholesterolemia with reduced atherogenic index. This compound enhanced the expression of ABC transporters in peritoneal macrophages isolated from apoE KO mice fed on Paigen diet, indicating increased cholesterol efflux. Plasma levels of cholesterol ester transport protein and phospholipid transport protein involved in RCT were elevated in mice lack of apoE gene, which was substantially reduced by supplementing ellagic acid to Paigen diet-fed mice. In addition, ellagic acid attenuated hepatic lipid accumulation in apoE KO mice, evidenced by staining of hematoxylin and eosin and oil red O. Furthermore, the supplementation of 10 mg/kg ellagic acid favorably influenced the transcriptional levels of hepatic LDL receptor and scavenger receptor-B1 in Paigen diet-fed apoE KO mice. CONCLUSION Ellagic acid may be an athero-protective dietary compound encumbering diet-induced atherogenesis though improving the RCT functionality. BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES High levels of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol are an important determinant of atherosclerotic lesion formation. The disruption of cholesterol efflux or reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) in peripheral tissues and macrophages may promote atherogenesis. The aim of the current study was to examine whether bioactive ellagic acid, a functional food component, improved RCT functionality and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function in diet-induced atherogenesis of apolipoproteins E (apoE) knockout (KO) mice. MATERIALS/METHODS Wild type mice and apoE KO mice were fed a high-cholesterol Paigen diet for 10 weeks to induce hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, and concomitantly received 10 mg/kg ellagic acid via gavage. RESULTS Supplying ellagic acid enhanced induction of apoE and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter G1 in oxidized LDL-exposed macrophages, facilitating cholesterol efflux associated with RCT. Oral administration of ellagic acid to apoE KO mice fed on Paigen diet improved hypercholesterolemia with reduced atherogenic index. This compound enhanced the expression of ABC transporters in peritoneal macrophages isolated from apoE KO mice fed on Paigen diet, indicating increased cholesterol efflux. Plasma levels of cholesterol ester transport protein and phospholipid transport protein involved in RCT were elevated in mice lack of apoE gene, which was substantially reduced by supplementing ellagic acid to Paigen diet-fed mice. In addition, ellagic acid attenuated hepatic lipid accumulation in apoE KO mice, evidenced by staining of hematoxylin and eosin and oil red O. Furthermore, the supplementation of 10 mg/kg ellagic acid favorably influenced the transcriptional levels of hepatic LDL receptor and scavenger receptor-B1 in Paigen diet-fed apoE KO mice. CONCLUSION Ellagic acid may be an athero-protective dietary compound encumbering diet-induced atherogenesis though improving the RCT functionality.