Adult-onset lichen striatus versus adult blaschkitis from clinicopathological review of adult-onset blaschkolinear dermatosis

( Kyung Muk Jeong ),( Ji Yun Seo ),( Soo Hong Seo ),( Hyo Hyun Ahn ),( Hae Jun Song ),( Young Chul Kye ),( Aeree Kim ),( Jiehyun Jeon ),( Yoo Sang Baek ) 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.2

Background: Since the first description of a case of adult blaschkitis by Grosshands in 1990, the existence of this entity has been a matter of great debate. Furthermore, although there were many arguments to distinguish adult blaschkitis from lichen striatus, clear distinction between the two diseases lacks evidence. Objectives: We aimed to conduct a clinicopathological review of all adult-onset blaschkolinear dermatosis in our institution and to provide readers a more updated understanding of these conditions especially focusing on comparing lichen striatus and adult blashkitis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinicopathological features of all patients who clinically showed linear dermatosis along Blaschko’s lines. Results: After clinicopathological review, 27 cases of lichen striatus, three of adult blaschkitis, eight of linear lichen planus(LPP), and two of linear psoriasis were identified. The differences between lichen striatus and adult blashkitis were insignificant except for age at onset and multiple site involvement. The mean age at onset was younger in lichen striatus and multiple site involvement was more frequent in adult blaschkitis. Conclusion: Considering their overlapping features, the distinction between lichen striatus and adult blaschkitis is not necessary. Therefore, we recommend that clinicians only use the term lichen striatus when describing acquired inflammatory linear dermatosis along Blaschko’s lines after careful exclusion of LLP and linear psoriasis.

1920년대 고창지역의 청년운동

김재영 호남사학회 2008 역사학연구 Vol.33 No.-

1920년대 전반 고창지역에는 고창청년회를 비롯한 성송청년회, 무장청년회, 성내청년회, 고수청년수양회 등 모두 7개의 청년단체가 있었다. 이들 가운데 비교적 활발한 활동을 전개한 청년단체는 고창청년회였으며, 핵심인물들은 홍종철, 김승옥, 신기초, 은규선, 이휴열, 양태승 등으로 이들은 모두 지방의 유력자들이었다. 1920년대 중반부터 우리의 민족운동은 사회주의자들이 주도했다고 해도 과언이 아니다. 그러나 고창지역에는 사회주의 사상을 수용한 사회주의자들의 활동이 없었다. 1920년대 후반에는 고창지역 청년운동의 통일을 기하기 위한 고창청년동맹이 조직되었고 산하에 고창지부와 무장지부가 설치되었다. 그러나 청년동맹의 활동을 처음부터 원천적으로 봉쇄하고자 한 일제의 탄압으로 원활한 활동을 전개할 수 없었다. 한편, 청년동맹에서도 각 면의 청년단체를 흡수하지 못하고 일부 청년단체만이 참가함으로써 이후 민족협동전선 운동인 신간회가 결성되지 못하였다. 일제강점기 사회운동은 청년운동에서 신간회에 이르기까지 서로 밀접하게 연관되어 있음에도 고창에서는 이 같은 사회운동과 궤를 같이 하지 못한 것이다. 다음으로 고창지역 청년회에서 전개한 활동을 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 청년회에서는 체력도 민족의 실력으로 생각하여 각종 체육활동을 전개하였다. 둘째, 강연회와 교육활동을 전개했으나 이는 청년회의 비중 있는 사업은 아니었다. 셋째, 몰핀중독 예방과 중독자 치료에 적극적이었다. 넷째, 고창청년회에서는 기근동포를 위한 구제사업과 재난동포를 위한 구난사업을 함께 전개하였다. 다섯째, 1925년 4월에는 당시 사회문제가 되고 있던 ‘흠치교’ 박멸을 결의하였다. 흠치교는 1922년 보천교로 경기도 경찰부에 등록하기 이전에 차경석이 주도한 조직체이다. 당시는 ‘시국대동단’(時局大同團)이 결성되어 보천교가 사이비종교(似而非宗敎)라는 인식이 세간에 널리 퍼져 있을 때였다. 여섯째, 청년회, 소년회, 노동회 등 성격이 다른 청년단체의 대표들이 모여 새로운 사회단체를 만들고자 하였다. 또, 이를 기반으로 새로운 사업을 진행하려는 계획을 세우고 있었다. 그러나 일제의 탄압과 집회금지로 결국 유야무야되고 말았다. 본고는 1920년대 고창지역의 청년운동을 정리했다는 점에서 의의가 있을 수 있으나, 자료의 한계로 인근지역 청년회와의 연결고리를 해명하지 못한 한계를 가지고 있다. 또한 일간지 가운데 동아일보 기사를 중점적으로 인용함으로써 사실관계에서 확인하지 못한 부분도 일정 부분 있을 것으로 판단된다. 이는 추후과제로 남겨 보완할 것을 약속한다. There were seven young adult groups in Go Chang region during the early nineteen twenties-Seong Song young adult group, Mu Jang young adult group, Seong Nae young adult group, Go Su cultivation group and so on. Among them, Go Chang young adult group was the most active in national movement and the main figures are Hong Jong Cheol, Kim Seung Ok, Sin Gi Cho, Eun Gyu Seon, Lee Hyu Yeol and Yang Tae Seung who were very influential in Go Chang region. It is not too much to say that socialists have taken the lead our national movement since the mid nineteen twenties. But there was no movement in Go Chang led by socialists. During the late nineteen twenties, Go Chang young adult alliance was organized and the branches of Go Chang and Mu Jang were set up. Nevertheless, Japan's severe suppression prevented young adult alliances from increasing their range of activities. Meanwhile, Go Chang young adult group could not absorb young adult groups made in each myeon(township) and only several groups took part of national movements. As a result, Sin Gan Hoe -natioanal cooperation front movement- was not organized. Social Movements ranged from young adult movement to Sin Gan Hoe during the Japanese occupation period was closely connected but Go Chang young adult group didn't join in acting with other social movements. The movements developed by Go Chang young adult group were arranged as follows. First, Go Chang young adult group developed many kinds of physical activities thinking that physical strength was a national capacity. Secondly, Go Chang young adult group held lectures and educational activities but those services were not important ones. Thirdly, Go Chang young adult group was very active in the prevention of morphine addiction and treatment of morphine addicts. Fourthly, Go Chang young adult group developed relief movements for famished people and people who suffered a series of misfortunes. Fifthly, Go Chang young adult group decided to exterminate Heum Chi Gyo which was a social problem in the April of nineteen twenty five. Heum Chi Gyo had been an association mainly organized by Cha Gyeong Seok before it was registered as Bo Cheon Gyo in Gyeong Gi province national police agency. At that time, Bo Cheon Gyo was considered as pseudo-religion because Si Guk Dae Dong Dan was formed. Sixthly, the representatives of young adult group, youth association and labor union made an effort to form a new social organization and planed to launch new services. But those trials were in vain because of the Japanese suppression and the ban on assembly. This thesis has a meaning in that it arranges young adult movements happening in the Go Chang region during the nineteen twenties. But this thesis has a limitation in that the connection between Go Chang young adult group and adjacent young adult group doesn't come to light because there isn't enough data. Also, many data are quoted a lot from Dong-A daily newspapers. Therefore, I recognize I don't confirm the validity of some data. I plan to supplement the data.

Comparing adult-onset and pre-adult-onset atopic dermatitis: clinical characteristics and laboratory findings

( Kyung Jae Lee ),( Dong Geon Lee ),( Hye Ree Park ),( Ji Hee Jung ),( Hoon Kang ),( Jung Eun Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1

Background: Diagnosis and treatment for adult-onset AD is challenging. Many attempts have been made to characterize adult-onset AD in order to improve diagnosis, treatment and estimate clinical prognosis. So far, there have been few studies comparing clinical characteristics and laboratory findings in adult-onset and pre-adult-onset AD. Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out characteristics of adult-onset AD by comparing clinical characteristics and laboratory findings between adult-onset and pre-adult-onset AD. Methods: We classified AD patients into two groups with onset before and after 18 years of age. We performed analysis of EASI-score, total immunoglobulin E (IgE), eosinophil ratio, eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP), vitamin D, clinical phenotypes and affected areas. The results were compared between two groups. Results: Among total of 212 AD patients, 66 patients were included in adult-onset group and 146 patients in pre-adult-onset group. Pre-adult onset group with persistent AD revealed higher tendency of extrinsic phenotype and severer manifestations, showing higher total IgE and eosinophil ratio, lower vitamin D value. Patients with pre-adult onset showed more extensively affected area such as face, neck, scalp, ear, eyelid, lip, and flexural area especially ankle and wrist. Conclusion: These data suggest that there may be difference of laboratory findings and clinical characteristics between adult-onset and pre-adult-onset AD, more large-scale study is required.

청소년소설의 장르 용어 고찰

오세란(Oh Se-ran) 한국아동청소년문학학회 2010 아동청소년문학연구 Vol.- No.6

The young adult novel and children’s novel which is similar scope of that was studied in this paper. First of all, the young adult’s realization and developing process was investigated, because it is necessary to recognize the historical interconnection for the formation of ‘young adult’ group. This proved that the period of the young adult was not only biological time but the product of recent times as well as a structure of history and society. What is more, we focused that the group of young adult was not object to educate and enlighten but the subjective and independent existence. In chapter 3, the relationship of the young adult novel and children’s novel was investigated by use of the changing process about children’s novel and the contents of children’s novel genre. In chapter 4, the common point and difference of the young adult novel and the bildungsroman was summarized. The results showed that the young adult novel and the bildungsroman could not be used for same concept. In Conclusion, it is important conditions that are focusing on the young adult after 1990’, new situation on children’s novel and the necessity of the young adult novel genre to establish and develop. And the continuous and active creation of the young adult novel also affects the formation of concept for the young adult novel genre.

노인의 죽음에 대한 인식

이지영(Ji-Young Lee),이가옥(Ka-Oak Rhee) 한국노년학회 2004 한국노년학 Vol.24 No.2

본 연구는 우리나라 노인들은 과연 죽음을 어떻게 이해하고 있고, 어떠한 의미를 부여하는지, 노인의 관점에서 파악하는 것이 연구의 목적이다. 이를 위해 심층면접을 하는 질적 연구 방법을 사용하였다. 60대에서 90대에 이르는 다양한 계층의 14명의 노인들을 심층 면접한 결과, 연구참여자들이 인식한 죽음의 의미는 '삶의 소멸', '삶으로부터의 해방', '삶의 연장' 이 세 가지로 구분되었다. '삶의 소멸'의 하위범주는 '죽음은 무(無)', '죽음은 끝', '죽음은 자연현상'이며, '삶으로부터의 해방'의 하위범주는 '힘든 삶에서의 쉼', '허무한 삶으로부터의 해방', '민망한 삶으로부터의 해방'이며, 마지막으로 '삶의 연장'의 하위범주는 '이승과 연결된 삶', '영원한 삶', '재생하는 삶'이었다. 60대나 70대 초반의 연구참여자들은 죽음에 대한 부정적 인식으로 인하여 죽음을 회피하려는 경향이 강하였는데, 죽음은 회피하면 할수록 자신의 삶을 그대로 수용하지 못하게 만드는 기제로 작용하고 있었다. 따라서 약 60대 초반이나 사회적 역할을 상실하는 은퇴를 전후하여, 노화와 죽음에 대해서 생각해 볼 수 있는 장을 마련하는 것이 매우 필요하다고 하겠다. The aim of this study is how older adult in our country understand and accept death and how the recognition of death is reflected on their lives, from the point of view of theirs not from that of ours. To achieve this aim, we use a phenomenal approach among methods of qualitative study. Based on a method of phenomenal study, we speculate aspects of older adult who lead a life in various situations such as a family and a society where they belonged, without isolating their recognition of it from their lives. In particular, we use Van Manen's analytical method of phenomenal study since we are determined that we can understand it better if we have data where we can see the structure of thought on which human behavior based in the study of death. To achieve this aim, we interviewed 14 older adult of different classes, ranging from in their sixties to in their nineties. The major results from this study are as follows. There are three moments when 14 older adult recognized death. First, when they frequently experienced it around themselves. Second, when they felt physical aging and had a disease resulted from that. And the last one is when they lost a social role which they had held. We see from this study that the attributes of death are so complicated that recognition on it doesn't tend to be identified as one notion and therefore is a complex and ambiguous process. We speculate twofold recognition, in terms of positiveness and negativeness, of four notions related to it: existence of it, fear of it, salvation after it and funeral service. Meaning of death 14 older adult recognized are classified into three: disappearance of life, liberation from life and extension of life. older adult who recognized it as disappearance were relatively young, in their sixties and seventies, and physically in good condition. Lower category of disappearance contains three: death is nothing, an end and a natural phenomenon. older adult who recognized it as liberation from life were poor in social and economic standing or lived alone. Lower category of liberation from life contains: rest from hardships of life, release from a meaningless life and release from a shameful life. older adult who recognized it as extension of life were devout in religion, positively accepted traditional values or had positive self-identity. Lower category of extension of life contains: life connected to this world, eternal life and revival of life. It is notable to see that 14 older adult showed a different life style according to how to recognize death. older adult who recognized it as disappearance had focused on keeping themselves healthy as a realistic task since they were scared of physical pain. older adult who recognized it as liberation from life felt that life were void and they had lead a dissipated life. And older adult who recognized it as extension of life had kept positive attitude toward life in an anticipation that their existence could be extended after it. One of the reasons of why they positively accepted it is positive self-identity which had been formed through their lives and it appeared to play a great role.

공공도서관 청소년 서비스의 현황과 과제: 부산·울산·경남지역을 중심으로

이진화,강은영 한국비블리아학회 2022 한국비블리아학회지 Vol.33 No.1

This study aims to investigate the current status of young adult services centering on public libraries in Busan, Ulsan and Gyeongnam, identify problems, and then suggest tasks for service revitalization. The status of young adult services and librarians’ perceptions in the 93 public libraries in Busan, Ulsan, and Gyeongnam that were registered in the 2021 National Library Statistics System and the Busan Metropolitan City Library Portal was investigated. As a result of the survey, 24% of public libraries have a space for young adult, and if there is dedicated space, it was found that the most number of bookshelves for young adult were installed inside the space. Libraries that provide young adult services accounted for 76% of the total, and the age range of the service targets was set between 13 and 18 years of age. The analysis revealed that it was difficult to provide services due to a combination of problems such as poor use and passive participation by young adult, lack of dedicated space, lack of manpower for program operation, and lack of budget. Nevertheless, most librarians agreed on the need to provide young adult-only spaces and young adult services. The tasks to revitalize young adult services in public libraries was suggested; expand young adult participation in the space creation and service planning/operation stage, create a space dedicated to young adult, diversify the contents of youth volunteer activities, secure the professionalism of the librarian in charge, human resource utilization, and expand public relations for services. 이 연구는 부산․울산․경남지역 내 공공도서관을 중심으로 청소년서비스 현황을 조사하고 문제점을 파악한 다음 서비스 활성화를 위한 과제를 제안하고자 하였다. 2021년 기준 국가도서관통계시스템과 부산광역시 도서관포털에 등록된 부산․울산․경남지역 공공도서관 93개관을 대상으로 청소년서비스 현황과 청소년서비스에 대한 사서의 인식을 조사하였다. 조사 결과, 부산․울산․경남 지역 공공도서관에 청소년 공간이 있는 곳이 24%이며, 공간이 있는 경우 공간 내부에 청소년 서가가 가장 많이 설치되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 청소년 서비스를 제공하는 도서관은 76%로 나타났으며, 서비스 대상의 연령대는 만13~18세로 설정하고 있었다. 청소년들의 저조한 이용과 소극적인 참여, 전용 공간의 부족, 프로그램 운영을 위한 인력 부족, 예산 부족 등 문제점이 복합적으로 작용하여 서비스 제공이 쉽지 않은 상황으로 나타났으나, 대부분의 사서들이 청소년 전용 공간과 청소년 서비스 제공의 필요성에 동의하는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 공공도서관 청소년 서비스 활성화를 위한 과제로 공간조성과 서비스 기획/운영 단계에서 청소년의 참여 확대, 청소년 전용 공간 조성, 청소년 봉사활동 내용의 다양화, 담당사서의 전문성 확보와 지역인적자원 활용, 서비스에 대한 홍보 확대 등을 제안하였다.

성인사이트에서 디지털 성범죄 실태와 대책

김예정(Ye Jeong Kim),송봉규(Bong Gyu Song) 한국범죄심리학회 2022 한국범죄심리연구 Vol.18 No.2

이 연구는 디지털 성범죄에 대응하기 위해 구글웹검색을 통해 조사한 한국어로 서비스하는 성인사이트를 분석하였다. 분석한 결과, ① 한국어로 서비스하는 성인사이트는 270개로 나타났다. ② 검색된 270개 성인사이트에서 접속이 가능한 성인사이트는 100개로 나타났다. ③ 성인사이트는 회원가입 없이 무료로 모든 불법 콘텐츠를 확인할 수 있다. ③ 한국 동영상 전용 게시판이 있는 성인사이트가 55%, 전용 게시판과 상관없이 한국 동영상이 존재하는 성인사이트가 66%로 나타났다. ④ 한국 동영상 전용 게시판에 게시된 동영상은 1개 성인사이트 평균 14,250개이다. ⑤ 해외 아동·청소년 성착취물이 게시된 성인사이트는 77%, 한국 아동·청소년 성착취물이 게시된 성인사이트는 34%이다. ⑥ 성인사이트 36%가 사진 전용 게시판이 있다. ⑦ 100개 성인사이트에서 94개 성인사이트가 첫(메인) 페이지 배너광고, 72개 성인사이트가 동영상 페이지 배너광고, 50개 성인사이트가 동영상 재생시 팝업광고, 61개 성인사이트가 동영상 플레이어 광고가 있다. ⑧ 94개 성인사이트에 있는 첫(메인) 페이지 배너광고는 전체 1,485개로 1개 성인사이트 평균 약 16개이다. 첫(메인) 페이지 배너광고 내용은 불법도박 73.2%, 성매매업소 11.9%로 나타났다. ⑨ 72개 성인사이트에 있는 동영상 페이지 배너광고는 전체 373개로 1개 성인사이트 평균 약 5개이다. 동영상 페이지 배너광고 내용은 불법도박 72.4%, 성매매업소 12.3%로 나타났다. ⑩ 성인사이트에서 동영상 재생시 팝업광고 내용과 플레이어 광고 내용은 동영상을 재생할 때마다 다르게 나타났다. 게임, 온라인 쇼핑몰, 온라인 여행사, 인터넷방송 등 합법적인 기업도 광고되고 있다. 분석한 결과를 바탕으로 디지털 성범죄 대책을 모색하면, ① 성인사이트보다 최대 광고주이며 주요 소득원인 불법도박을 차단, ② 불법도박사이트와 성인사이트 운영에 가담하고 있는 조직범죄자에 대한 집중적인 수사, ③ 성인사이트에서 광고되고 있는 합법적인 사업과 기업 광고에 대한 제재, ④ 디지털 성범죄에 대한 두려움 감소 정책 등이 있다. This study analyzed adult sites serving in Korean that were surveyed through Google Web search to respond to digital sex crimes. As a result of the analysis, There were 270 adult sites that were serviced in Korean. ② From the 270 searched adult sites, there were 100 adult sites that could be accessed. ③ Adult sites can check all illegal content for free without membership. ③ In adult sites, 55% of adult sites have Korean video-only boards, and 66% of adult sites have Korean videos regardless of exclusive bulletin boards. ④ There are an average of 14,250 videos posted on the Korean video-only bulletin board. ⑤ Seventy-seven percent of adult sites posted sexual exploitation of children and adolescents abroad and 34 percent of adult sites posted sexual exploitation of children and adolescents in Korea. ⑥ Thirty-six percent of adult sites have photo-only boards. ⑦ In 100 adult sites, 94 adult sites have first (main) page banner advertisements, 72 adult sites have video page banner advertisements, 50 adult sites have pop-up advertisements when playing videos, and 61 adult sites have video player advertisements. ⑧ The first (main) page banner advertisement on 94 adult sites is 1,485 in total, with an average of about 16 on one adult site. The content of banner ads on the first (main) page was 73.2% for illegal gambling and 11.9% for prostitution businesses. ⑨ There are 373 banner advertisements for video pages on 72 adult sites, an average of about five on one adult site. In the content of banner advertisements on the video page, 72.4% were illegal gambling and 12.3% were prostitution companies. ⑩ When playing a video on an adult site, the content of pop-up advertisements and player advertisements were different each time the video was played. Legal businesses and companies such as games, online shopping malls, online travel agencies, and Internet broadcasting are being advertised. If digital sex crime measures are sought based on the analysis results, illegal gambling sites, which are the largest advertisers than adult sites, should be blocked. ② Measures should be taken against organized criminals who are participating in the operation of illegal gambling sites. ③ Measures are needed for legal business and corporate advertising that are being advertised on adult sites for adults. ④ Policies should be implemented to reduce fears of digital sex crimes.

어른 교리교육의 중요성과 커뮤니케이션 방법에 관한 소고

박종주(Park, Jong Ju) 광주가톨릭대학교 신학연구소 2012 神學展望 Vol.- No.176

어른 교리교육은 오늘날 그 중요성이 더욱 강조 되고 있음에도 불구하고 한국 교회 안에서는 깊이 있는 연구나 논의가 여전히 부족한 실정이다. 몇몇 교리서에 전적으로 의존하고 있는 어른 교리교육, 구체적으로 어른 신자 재교육은 그 방법이나 내용이 사목자 개인의 결정을 따를 때가 많으며 통일된 교재의 사용은 아직 요원해 보인다. 우리 교회는 교도권이 왜 어른 교리교육이 중요하다고 강조하는 이유를 아직 잘 깨닫지 못하고 있으며, 유아 교리교육의 형태를 반복하는 연장선에서 어른 교리교육을 생각하고 있는 것 같다. 유아 교리교육과 청소년 교리교육, 어른 교리교육은 반드시 서로 달라야 한다. 어른 교리교육이 달라야 하는 이유는 성인들이 갖춘 종교 심리적 특성을 기반으로 교회가 하느님 나라 건설을 위하여 의도하는 구체적인 책임들을 어른들이 수행해야 하기 때문이다. 어른 교리교육은 말씀을 듣고, 묵상하고, 기도하고, 거행하면서 자신이 믿는 신앙을 자신 있게 고백할 수 있도록 도와주어야 한다. 본고는 어른 교리교육이 진정으로 성숙한 어른 교리교육이 되기 위해서 어떠해야 하는지, 그 방향성과 어른들의 심리적 특성에 입각한 커뮤니케이션 방법을 통하여 살펴보았다. 성숙한 교회와 성숙한 신앙인이 조화를 이룰 때 참으로 성숙한 어른 교리교육을 행할 수 있다. 본고의 논의는 어른 교리교육을 위한 절대적인 지침서를 제시하고자 하는 것이 아니라, 어른 교리교육이 나아가야 할 방향성을 거시적, 미시적 관점에서 살펴보고자 한 것이다. 그 중에서도 특히 성인의 종교적 발달 단계와 거기에 따른 커뮤니케이션 방법에 중점을 두었다. In spite of highlighting the importance of catechesis today, Korean parishes still do not offer enough opportunities for the in-depth study and discussion of adult catechesis. Adult catechesis, more specifically the re-education of adult parishioners, which has been strongly dependent on a few catechisms, depends on the decisions of local pastors as regards both methodology and content. There is, as yet, no unified form of adult catechetics. Parishes have failed to recognize the reasons why the magisterium has stressed the importance of adult catechesis. Parish educators seem to think that adult catechesis is only an extended and repeated form of the catechesis given to infants and children. The catechesis of infants and children, as well as that of adolescents, should be distinct from that of adults. The reason why adult catechesis must be different lies in the fact that adults fulfill the concrete responsibilities intended by the Church for the construction of the Kingdom of God on the basis of an adult psychological character. Adult catechesis helps parishioners profess their faith with confidence through a mature listening to the Word, through meditation, and through prayer. This article explores the major elements of a truly mature catechesis for adults by considering a communication method which deals with the direction of catechesis and addresses an adult psychological character. Only when mature church communities and individual parishioners unite with each other can there be a mature catechesis for adults. In this article my arguments do no provide an unchangeable guideline for adult catechesis. Rather, they are an exploration of the directions needed for both a macroscopic and a microscopic point of view regarding adult catechesis. Among my arguments this article pays special attention to the religious developmental stages of adults and their communication methods.

노인교육 관련 연구에 나타난 학습자로서의 노인

전제아,김원경 한국방송통신대학교 미래원격교육연구원 2014 평생학습사회 Vol.10 No.3

The purpose of the present study was to examine the perspectives of the old learners depicting the articles dealing with older adults education in major Korean journals from 1990 to 2014. Four major journals focusing on older adult education were selected to examine 51 articles regarding older adult learners in education. Results revealed three aspects of older adult learners in older adult education. First, the participants in the study of older adult education were mostly selected from the institute of older adult eduction. Second, the educational objectives of older adult learners emphasized affective aspects rather than cognitive or psycho-motor aspects. Third, the characteristics of older adult learner focused on three aspects in terms of physical, psychological, and environmental changes in older adults’ life in education. In conclusion, the perspectives of the older adult learners were someone who were deficient and residual, and then older adult learners were considered homogeneous in terms of participants in some institutional programs for older adults. Therefore, it is suggested that the various aspects of the older adult learners would considered in the study of older adults education regarding psychological, cognitive, and emotional aspects of older adults. 이 연구는 1990년부터 2014년 6월까지 국내 주요 학술지에 게재된 노인교육 관련 논문들이 보여 주는 노인학습자에 대한 시각을 파악하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 노인교육 관련 논문이 가장 많이 게재된 4종의 학술지(『노인복지연구』, 『한국노년학』, 『평생교육학연구』, 『Andragogy Today』) 를 선정하고, 이에 게재된 관련 논문 총 51편을 분석하여 이러한 연구들이 노인학습자에 대한 시각을 어떻게 보여 주는지 탐색하였다. 그 결과, 노인학습자에 대한 연구들은 노화에 따른 신체변화, 심리적 변화 그리고 환경생태학적 변화가 미치는 영향 등을 중심으로 노인학습자의 특징을 파악하고 있다는 점, 노인학습자를 위한 교육의 목표로는 인지적 목표나 심동적 목표보다는 정의적 목표를 강조한다는 점, 노인학습자 가운데서도 특히 기관 이용자를 중심으로 연구 참여자를 선정한다는 점이 밝혀졌다. 이런 결과를 통해 나타난 노인학습자는 결핍된 존재, 새로운 사회적 역할에 적응해야 하는 존재이며, 심리적 안녕감과 같은 정의적 영역의 목표를 위주로 하는 교육을 필요로 하는 존재로 그려지고 있으며, 실제 연구과정에서 기관 이용자를 주요 연구 참여자로 선정함으로써 노인학습자는 매우 동질적인 집단으로 그려지고 있다. 향후 노인학습자 연구를 위해서는 노인학습자를 결핍된 존재로 보는 편향적 시각을 탈피해야 하며, 교육목표를 인지적 영역과 심동적 영역으로 확대할 필요가 있으며, 실제 연구 참여자를 선정하는 과정에서 노인학습자 집단의 다양성을 충분히 반영 할 수 있도록 다각화할 것을 제언하였다.

성년후견제도의 도입논의와 영국의 정신능력법의 시사점

제철웅(Je Cheol-Ung),박주영(Park Ju-Young) 한국가족법학회 2007 가족법연구 Vol.21 No.3

  Self-decision-making and communication with others are the key point of a person’s life. Therefore, the Adults who lose mental ability or have incompetent mental ability( = incapacitated adults) need special guardianship in order to live an integrative life as a member of society. The guardianship of korean Civil Code(KCC) provides safeguards by allowing guardian to administer the property and affairs of incapacitated adults. But, the guardianship of KCC focuses mainly on the protection of mental-disordered adults. Therefore Stigma accompanies the guardianship. In addition, the matters concerning personal welfare of incapacitated adults are our of protection. So a new guardianship system and a kind of lasting power of attorney system are necessary to protect wholly the incapacitated adults.<BR>  This article explains the main features and contents of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 of England, which is supposed to substitute the Enduring Powers of Attorney Act(EPAA) 1985 and the Part 7 of the Mental Health Act(MHA) 1985. Compared to EPAA and MHA, this Act enlarges the protection scope of incapacitated adults to the personal welfare matters. In addition, it provides various protection means such as a deputy, a independent mental capacity advocate and a lasting power of attorney. The Aim of Mental Capacity Act which has been enforced since 2007 is to help the incapacitated adults make their own decision. When someone needs to do an act or make a substituted decision instead of an incapacitated adult, she or he should do or make it in the best interest of an incapacitated adult. According to this Act(Sec. 4 (6)),  then, the hope, feelings, beliefs and values of an incapacitated adult should be taken into full consideration. It aims at helping an incapacitated adult live the same or similar life as usual even when she or he loses mental ability or has incompetent mental ability. The implication of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 of England to the reform discussion on our Adult Guardianship System is under what ideology and aim we should organize Adult Guardianship System. The most important part exists in helping the incapacitated adults make themselves their own decision. In addition, in the part of reality, Adult Guardianship System focusing on “human" and respecting self-decision - making of the incapacitated adults should be institutionalized instead of legal incompetence system focusing on just “property". Under this aim, the way, realm and content of guardianship should be judged.<BR>  First, in the aspect of the realm of guardianship, many things that have drawn little attention in the discussion of present Adult Guardianship System should be discussed such as a remedy under the emergency which limits decision-making, the continuance of life in coma, the way to respect decision made even when forced to be treated as a psychic patient.<BR>  Second, in the aspect of the method of guardianship, diverse forms guardianship should be provided in accordance of the needs of incapacitated adults and their family members who take care of them. More than anything else, even when family members take care of the incapacitated adults without selecting legal adult guardian, appropriate statutory protective system should be provided. In addition, legal adult guardianship system should be compatible with a kind of lasting power of attorney system and diversity of content is needed as well.<BR>  Third, in the aspect of the content of guardianship, the guardianship that respects the decision of the incapacitated adults should be provided. To sum up, it should be kept in mind that the bottom-line of Adult Guardianship System which we expedite the enactment of lies not in property but in the respect of decision-making.