영상미디어 이용환경에 따른 유아의 미디어 이용조절 차이: 물리적 · 상황적 · 부모 요인을 중심으로

김윤경,김창숙 한국아동학회 2022 아동학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the differences in preschooler self-regulation of media use depending on screen media use environments (physical, situational, and parental factors). Methods: A total of 989 parents of 4-6-years-olds were surveyed to identify the differences in media use self-regulation depending on the environmental factors. An analysis of covariance was performed, controlling for the sex and age of preschoolers. Results: The self-regulation of media usage scores ordered by type was: TV, Tablet PC/Personal Computer/Laptop, and Smartphone. The self-regulation of media use scores by platform was: OTT, IPTV, terrestrial TV, cable TV, and YouTube. Regarding whether or not preschooler have channel selection, it was found that the group with channel seledtion for preschooler had lower self-regulation score than the group without it. The group viewing screen media with their mothers exhibited the highest screen media use self-regulation score. In contrast, the group viewing with grandparents showed the lowest screen media use self-regulation score. Concerning parental factors, self-regulation scores were lower in the infant-centered low-motivation group than in the high-motivation group. For parent-centered motivation, the opposite result was found. Fathers’ media usage time-high group had lower selfregulation scores than the low group. Conclusion: The appropriate preparation of the screen media use environment is an essential factor in improving the self-regulation of preschooler screen media use. Specifically, it is necessary to create an appropriately controlled media use environment to improve preschooler self-regulation of media use.

건강신념모델을 적용한 치매 선별검사 수행에 영향을 미치는 요인

유리,김광숙 한국보건간호학회 2017 韓國保健看護學會誌 Vol.31 No.3

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate factors affecting the dementia screening test based on the health belief model. Methods: The survey was conducted with structured questionnaires assessing the knowledge of dementia, health beliefs, self-efficacy and cue to action for dementia screening. Study participants were 156 older adults and data from 121 respondents were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, frequency percentage, chi-squared (χ2) test, t-test and logistic regression analysis were conducted using SPSS version 23.0. Results: Factors influencing the dementia screening test were found to be gender, self-efficacy on dementia screening, and the presence of family or friends who underwent dementia screening. Older adults who were female (OR=4.92, p=.003), showed an increasing average score of self-efficacy for dementia screening (OR=2.85, p=.002), and had family members or friends who underwent dementia screening (OR=4.60, p=.003) were more likely to receive dementia screening. Conclusion: This study showed that education and programs enhancing self-efficacy associated with the dementia screening test, as well as utilizing the network of family or friends are necessary to increase the rate of dementia screening.

자궁경부암 검진이행 수준에 따른 건강 통제위 및 자기 효능감에 관한 연구

김미향 최신의학사 2003 最新醫學 Vol.46 No.11-12

사회불안과 자기초점적 주의 및 상태불안의 관계: 자기화상이미지의 조절된 매개효과

엄태호,김미리혜,김정호 대한스트레스학회 2022 스트레스硏究 Vol.30 No.4

Background: This study examined how seeing one’s own image during video communication affects the cognitive process of social anxiety. Methods: Fifty-two university students were recruited and assessed for social anxiety and dispositional self-focused attention. They were randomly assigned to different exposure and size settings of self-images on a screen (none, middle, big). Subsequently, a simulated video interview was conducted. During the experiment, changes in state anxiety (subjective anxiety, heart rate) and state self-focused attention were assessed. Results: First, self-focused attention mediated the effect of social anxiety on subjective anxiety. Second, the mediation effect of state self-focused attention on social anxiety’s influence on subjective anxiety was not moderated by the exposure and size of the self-image on the screen. Third, the mediation effect of dispositional self-focused attention on social anxiety’s influence on subjective anxiety was moderated by the exposure and size of the self-image on the screen. The moderated mediation effects of the exposure and size of the self-image on the screen were significant for middle and big sizes. Conclusions: These findings suggest that dispositional self-focused attention—a cognitive characteristic of social anxiety—can interact with the exposure and size of a self-image on a screen, causing higher anxiety. 본 연구는 자신의 모습을 보게 되는 화상소통의 특징이 사회불안의 인지적 과정에 어떻게 작용하는지관찰해 보았다. 대학생 52명을 모집하여 사회불안 및 자기초점적 주의 성향을 측정한 뒤, 자기화상이미지의 노출 여부와 크기에 따라 없음, 중형, 대형에 무선 배정하여, 모의화상면접을 실시하였다. 진행 과정에서상태불안(주관적 불안수준, 심장박동수)의 변화 및 상태 자기초점적 주의를 측정하였다. 연구 결과 사회불안이 주관적 불안에 미치는 영향에 대한 자기초점적 주의 성향의 매개효과와 자기화상이미지의 노출여부와크기에 의해 조절된 매개효과가 유의하였다. 이는 사회불안의 인지적 특성인 자기초점적 주의 성향과 화면속 자신의 이미지가 상호작용하여, 더 높은 불안을 유발할 수 있음을 시사한다.

Relationships between Self-Efficacy and Pap Smear Screening in Iranian Women

Majdfar, Zahra,Khodadost, Mahmoud,Majlesi, Freshteh,Rahimi, Abbas,Shams, Mohsen,Mohammadi, Gohar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.no.sup3

Cervical cancer is the fourth common cancer among women worldwide. Pap smear screening has resulted in deceasing incidence of cervical cancer in developed countries but low uptake of Pap smear screening among women in developing countries is still a public health challenge. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship between self-efficacy and timely uptake of Pap smear among Iranian women. A total of 580 married women referred to primary health care centers covered administratively by Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran were administered a questionnaire by trained staff. Data were analyzed with SPSS (version 16) software, using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. The mean age for participants was $33.1{\pm}8.8years$. There was a significant association between self-efficacy and Pap smear screening (P<0.01). There was also a positive correlation between duration of marriage and husband's education with Pap smear uptake (P<0.01). In univariate analysis, there was a significant association between Pap smear uptake and level of selfefficacy (OR = 15.3 for intermediate and OR=7.4 for good level), duration of marriage (OR = 5.7 for 5-14 years and OR=10.4 for more than 15), age (OR =2.7 for 27-34 years and OR=7.4 for more than 35 years) and husband education level (OR=2.3 for more than 12 years of education). In multivariate analysis, significant associations persisted between Pap smear uptake and self-efficacy (OR = 23.8; 95% CI: 8.7, 65.5), duration of marriage (OR = 5.9; 95% CI: 2.8, 12.2), age (OR = 3.9; 95% CI: 1.2, 12.9) and husband's education (OR = 2.5; 95% CI: 2.0, 10.3). Efforts are needed to increase women's knowledge about cervical cancer and improve their self-efficacy and perceptions of the Pap smear screening in order to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates.

Self-Sampling Versus Physicians' Sampling for Cervical Cancer Screening - Agreement of Cytological Diagnoses

Othman, Nor Hayati,Zaki, Fatma Hariati Mohamad,Hussain, Nik Hazlina Nik,Yusoff, Wan Zahanim Wan,Ismail, Pazuddin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.7

Background: A major problem with cervical cancer screening in countries which have no organized national screening program for cervical cancer is sub-optimal participation. Implementation of self-sampling method may increase the coverage. Objective: We determined the agreement of cytological diagnoses made on samples collected by women themselves (self-sampling) versus samples collected by physicians (Physician sampling). Materials and Methods: We invited women volunteers to undergo two procedures; cervical self-sampling using the Evalyn brush and physician sampling using a Cervex brush. The women were shown a video presentation on how to take their own cervical samples before the procedure. The samples taken by physicians were taken as per routine testing (Gold Standard). All samples were subjected to Thin Prep monolayer smears. The diagnoses made were according to the Bethesda classification. The results from these two sampling methods were analysed and compared. Results: A total of 367 women were recruited into the study, ranging from 22 to 65 years age. There was a significant good agreement of the cytological diagnoses made on the samples from the two sampling methods with the Kappa value of 0.568 (p=0.040). Using the cytological smears taken by physicians as the gold standard, the sensitivity of self-sampling was 71.9% (95% CI:70.9-72.8), the specificity was 86.6% (95% CI:85.7-87.5), the positive predictive value was 74.2% (95% CI:73.3-75.1) and the negative predictive value was 85.1% (95% CI: 84.2-86.0). Self-sampling smears (22.9%) allowed detection of micro-organisms better than physicians samples (18.5%). Conclusions: This study shows that samples taken by women themselves (self-sampling) and physicians have good diagnostic agreement. Self-sampling could be the method of choice in countries in which the coverage of women attending clinics for screening for cervical cancer is poor.

Screening in the Era of Economic Crisis: Misperceptions and Misuse from a Longitudinal Study on Greek Women Undergoing Benign Vacuum-assisted Breast Biopsy

Domeyer, Philip John,Sergentanis, Theodoros Nikolaos,Katsari, Vasiliki,Souliotis, Kyriakos,Mariolis, Anargiros,Zagouri, Flora,Zografos, George Constantine Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.9

Background: To evaluate knowledge about screening tests and tests without proven screening value in a Greek Breast Unit population undergoing benign vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB). Materials and Methods: This study included 81 patients. Three knowledge-oriented items (recommended or not, screening frequency, age of onset) were assessed. Regarding screening tests two levels of knowledge were evaluated: i). crude knowledge (CK), i.e. knowledge that the test is recommended and ii). advanced knowledge (AK), i.e. correct response to all three knowledge-oriented items. Solely CK was evaluated for tests without proven screening value. Risk factors for lack of knowledge were assessed with multivariate logistic regression. A second questionnaire was administered 18 months after VABB to assess its impact on the performance of tests. Results: Concerning screening tests considerable lack of AK was noted (mammogram, 60.5%; Pap smear, 59.3%; fecal occult blood testing, 93.8%; sigmoidoscopy, 95.1%). Similarly lack of CK was documented regarding tests without proven screening value (breast self-examination, 92.6%; breast MRI, 60.5%; abdominal ultrasound, 71.6%; barium meal, 48.1%; urine analysis, 90.1%; chest X-Ray, 69.1%; electrocardiogram, 74.1%; cardiac ultrasound, 75.3%). Risk factors for lack of AK were: place of residence (mammogram), age (Pap smear), personal income (sigmoidoscopy); risk factors for lack of CK included number of offspring (breast MRI, chest X-Ray), BMI (abdominal ultrasound), marital status (urine analysis), current smoking status (electrocardiogram). VABB's only effect was improvement in mammogram rates. Conclusions: A considerable lack of knowledge concerning screening tests and misperceptions regarding those without proven value was documented.

Sequence-based screening for self-sufficient P450 monooxygenase from a metagenome library

Kim, B.S.,Kim, S.Y.,Park, J.,Park, W.,Hwang, K.Y.,Yoon, Y.J.,Oh, W.K.,Kim, B.Y.,Ahn, J.S. Published for the Society for Applied Bacteriology 2007 Journal of applied microbiology Vol.102 No.5

<P>Abstract</P><P>Aims: </P><P>Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) are useful catalysts for oxidation reactions. Self-sufficient CYPs harbour a reductive domain covalently connected to a P450 domain and are known for their robust catalytic activity with great potential as biocatalysts. In an effort to expand genetic sources of self-sufficient CYPs, we devised a sequence-based screening system to identify them in a soil metagenome.</P><P>Methods and Results: </P><P>We constructed a soil metagenome library and performed sequence-based screening for self-sufficient CYP genes. A new CYP gene, <I>syk181</I>, was identified from the metagenome library. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that SYK181 formed a distinct phylogenic line with 46% amino-acid-sequence identity to CYP102A1 which has been extensively studied as a fatty acid hydroxylase. The heterologously expressed SYK181 showed significant hydroxylase activity towards naphthalene and phenanthrene as well as towards fatty acids.</P><P>Conclusions: </P><P>Sequence-based screening of metagenome libraries is expected to be a useful approach for searching self-sufficient CYP genes. The translated product of <I>syk181</I> shows self-sufficient hydroxylase activity towards fatty acids and aromatic compounds.</P><P>Significance and Impact of the Study: </P><P>SYK181 is the first self-sufficient CYP obtained directly from a metagenome library. The genetic and biochemical information on SYK181 are expected to be helpful for engineering self-sufficient CYPs with broader catalytic activities towards various substrates, which would be useful for bioconversion of natural products and biodegradation of organic chemicals.</P>

유방암 조기검진에 대한 단계별 행동과 관련 요인 -국가암조기검진 대상자를 중심으로-

손효경,감신,박기수,김장락,김록범,박선균,Son, Hyo-Kyung,Kam, Sin,Park, Ki-Soo,Kim, Jang-Rak,Kim, Rock-Bum,Park, Sun-Kyun 대한예방의학회 2009 예방의학회지 Vol.42 No.2

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the relationships between psychosocial characteristics and changes in the stage of breast cancer screening behavior. Methods : The 474 study subjects were randomly sampled from 21,459 women(age range, 40-70 years) who were eligible for the Korean National Cancer Screening Program in 2006 in Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do. The information, including behaviors and sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes, subjective norms and self-efficacy, was collected by trained interviewers via home visits. The breast cancer screening stages were grouped as precontemplation, contemplation, action, maintenance and relapse, according to Rakowski. Results : Of the 474 women, 18.8% were in the precontemplation stage, 23.3% were in the contemplation stage, 13.1% were in the action stage, 36.6% were in the maintenance stage, and 8.2% were in the relapse stage. The distribution of stages was associated with attitude, subjective norms and self-efficacy(p for trend<0.01). To investigate the overall relationship between the variables, we conducted a linear structural equation model analysis based on the theory of planned behavior. The subjective norms and self-efficacy influenced the stage of the women's screening behavior. Conclusions : We should target on self-efficacy about the screening behavior of women by performing timely, thoughtful interventions. The support from family members, friends and other people is crucial for women to undergo breast cancer screening and to improve the breast cancer screening rate.

입학사정관전형 준비 여부에 따른 고등학생의 진로 자아인식과 진로성숙도 및 진로진학결정에 관한 연구

조동헌,김혜원,박삼철 한국직업교육학회 2012 職業 敎育 硏究 Vol.31 No.4

The purpose of this study is to investigate career self-recognition, career level, career-entrance decision, and the variables about career-entrance exploration of high school students according to admissions officer screening preparation. For this purpose, 3,199 high school students who were 1st and 2nd graders were recruited. The researchers conducted offline written questionnaire survey to the students. The results indicated that the students preparing admissions officer screening showed high career self-recognition, high career level, high career-entrance decision level compared with the students not preparing admissions officer screening. Also, the students preparing admissions officer screening were affected more by the individual variables(personal character, physical condition), school variables(type of high school, course contents, club activity), and consulting about entrance program compared with the students not preparing admissions officer screening. The variables affecting the students preparing admissions officer screening were an interest in major, the name value of a university, and employment rate of university graduate. This study implicates that the high school students need more customized career education and guidance program. Also, a instructor pooling system and educational quality management of guidance and career education experts are needed to help high school students 최근 대학 입시에서 입학사정관제의 도입에 따라 기존의 대학입학 선발 방식이 성적 중심에서 학생의 적성, 특기, 인성, 진로활동 등을 중심으로 입학전형이 다양화 되어가고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 현 고등학교에 재학하고 있는 학생들 중에서 입학사정관전형을 준비하는 학생과 미준비 학생들의 진로 자아인식, 진로성숙도, 진로진학결정수준을 비교해 보고 변인들을 분석하는데 있다. 모집단은 2011년 11월 고등학교 1, 2학년 학생들이다. 총 3,710명을 표본으로 선정하여 우편조사를 실시하였으며, 회수된 자료 중 불성실한 응답과 무응답한 자료를 제외한 3,199부를 활용하였다. 자료 분석 결과, 첫째, 입학사정관전형 준비 학생이 미준비 학생에 비해 진로 자아인식이 높은 수준이었다. 둘째, 입학사정관전형 준비 학생이 미준비 학생에 비해 진로성숙도와 진로진학결정이 높았다. 셋째, 입학사정관전형 준비 학생이 미준비 학생에 비해 진로성숙도와 진로진학결정에 미치는 각 변인들과 진로진학탐색프로그램이 미치는 효과가 높았다. 넷째, 회귀분석을 통해 진로성숙도와 진로진학결정에 미치는 영향에서 전공흥미도의 영향이 매우 큰 것으로 나타났다. 입학사정관전형 준비 학생이 미준비 학생에 비해 진로 자아인식, 진로성숙도, 진로진학결정이 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 제시된 제언은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 시․군․구 단위별로 진로체험기간을 설정하고 학생 개인에 맞추어진 개별 맞춤형 진로진학프로그램 운영이 필요하다. 둘째, 전문가 및 교수 진로 특강이 학생들에게 도움이 될 수 있도록 강사 인력풀을 구성하고 교육의 질 관리를 할 필요가 있다. 셋째, 학생들의 전공흥미도와 진로진학결정을 높일 수 있도록 프로그램 개발과 운영이 필요하다.