著作權과 쉬링크랩 라이선스 상의 S/W Reverse Engineering의 法的 地位

孫承佑 한국지식재산학회 2003 産業財産權 Vol.- No.14

A major fair-access issue has arisen regarding situations where a copyright holder attempts to restrict a reverse engineering right by copyright infringement litigation, contractual shrink-wrap licenses or a protective system that defeats the reverse engineering permissible under the "fair-use" doctrine. Reverse engineering computer software is defined as the process of studying a computer program to obtain useful and detailed insight into the functional mechanisms of the work. Reverse engineering commonly involves copying an original program without the permission of a copyright owner. Indeed, the owners seek to prevent reverse engineering by bringing infringement suits, imposing contractual limitations or installing technological impediments. In the United States, the Digital Millennium Copyright Act ("DMCA") provides a software vendor with extra protection for its protective system, and allows reverse engineering only for the purpose of interoperability. The Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act ("UCITA") makes a shrink-wrap license enforceable even if it contains a term prohibiting reverse engineering. These protectionist measures ensure that a copyright holder can dominate the computer software industryby restricting reverse engineering. Although the Computer Program Protection Act in Korea allows a reverse engineering purporting to achieve interoperability as exception, this is still not enough to strike balance between a copyright owner' interest and public rights to access to a copyrighted work. The current trend toward copyright protectionism undermines the copyright balance thus/ the critical question regarding clarification of the reverse engineering right should be answered by policymakers in terms of reconciliation between copyright, contract and competition policy.

반도체 역공학의 기술사:TV 음향 집적회로의 개발, 1977-1978

유상운 한국과학기술학회 2022 과학기술학연구 Vol.22 No.3

This paper suggests that a historical understanding of reverse engineering is necessary as a window through which one can see the technological history of the electronics and semiconductor industry. Reverse engineering, which consists of a series of procedures of disassembling other companies’ products, referencing their internal structures, and creating products based on them, was not considered an object of inquiry with the label of imitation. This article, however, points out that reverse engineering was the work that provided a historical opportunity for many cases that have been evaluated as innovation. The focus of the analysis is the TV sound integrated circuit developed for the first time in Korea in 1978, which was the result of reverse engineering of foreign products. From this, it will confirm how extensively reverse engineering work has been performed throughout the semiconductor manufacturing industry in the United States, Japan, and Korea, and reveal various technical practices of operators, technicians, and engineers who have participated in reverse engineering of TV sound integrated circuits. This will help provide a clue to view the history of technology in the semiconductor industry as a process of continuous accumulation of experience in reverse engineering. 본 논문은 전자 및 반도체 산업의 기술사를 바라볼 수 있는 하나의 접근으로 역공학(reverse engineering) 사례에 대한 보다 심층적인 이해가 필요함을 제안한다. 타 기업의 완성품을 분해해 내부 구조를 참조하고 이를 반영해 제품을 만들어낸다는 의미의 역공학은 모방이라는 꼬리표와 함께 진지한 탐구의 대상으로 여겨지지 않았다. 그러나 본 논문은 사후적으로 혁신이라 평가받는 여러 사례들에 역사적 계기를 제공한 작업이 바로 역공학이었음을 지적하고 이에 대한 경험 연구로 한 발을 내딛고자 한다. 이를 위해 주목하는 대상은 1978년 국내 최초로 개발된 TV 음향 집적회로로, 이는 외국산 제품들을 역공학한 결과물이었다. 이로부터 미국, 일본, 한국의 반도체 제조 업계 전반에서 역공학 작업이 얼마나 광범위하게 수행됐는지를 확인하고, 역공학 작업물 속에 녹아든 오퍼레이터, 테크니션, 엔지니어들의 다양한 기술적 실천들을 드러내 보일 것이다. 이는 반도체 산업의 기술사를 역공학 경험의 지속적인 축적 과정으로 바라볼 수 있도록 실마리를 제공하는 데 도움을 줄 것이다.

기초적 공학교육을 위한 Reverse-engineering 교수법

김남호 ( Nam Ho Kim ) 한국실천공학교육학회 2011 실천공학교육논문지 Vol.3 No.2

This study proposes a new educational approach to basic engineering education using reverse-engineering. A freshmen level engineering coursework provided by the University, ``Engineering Design``, is to deliver the understanding of the general relationship between their major and its adjacent engineering fields. Students are to understand the identity of their major fields through this effort. There are some limitations, however, to achieving these educational objectives by providing lectures in a classroom environment or practical experience because of the broad nature of the subject. A new educational approach on ``Engineering Design`` has been implemented for past five years to achieve this goal using reverse-engineering techniques and this paper describes it in detail.

Injection mold design of reverse engineering using injection molding analysis and machine learning

황순환,김종선 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.8

Plastic composites are used in vehicle components to improve fuel efficiency. Thus, the warpage of injection-molded plastic parts has become a quality issue. Factors, such as product shape and thickness, resin, and other injection molding conditions, can be modified to improve the warpage problem. However, if these factors are set with no possible adjustments, reverse engineering may be required. Reverse engineering is a difficult process that requires many trials and errors; thus, it is only used as a last resort. With respect to the warpage issue, reverse engineering considers the following: (1) Predicting and (2) modeling the warpage in opposite directions. Autodesk Moldflow Insight accommodates these key considerations, but many researchers are reluctant to use it. Although existing injectionmolding analysis programs are mainly used to predict qualitative results, computer-aided engineering (CAE) for reverse engineering requires quantitative analysis. Hence, the considerations are different from the existing analyses. An error in warpage prediction may lead to a costly mold modification because of the molds' complex structures. Quantitative warpage prediction for reverse engineering depends on process variables; thus, understanding how warpages are affected by uncertain process variables is important to improve the reliability of reverse engineering. Moreover, even if appropriate process variables are set, they cannot be applied due to tolerance in lengths. For this reason, mold shrinkage must be identified before designing a mold. This study conducted injection molding analysis for a radiator tank that uses glass fiber-reinforced plastic using Autodesk Moldflow Insight 2018.2. Data for warpage prediction were generated in accordance with five process variables to identify the relationship between the level of warpage and process variables. CAE also showed the level of mold shrinkage that can reduce warpage. In addition, a predictive model was created using the multilayer perceptron (MLP)-supervised learning technique, which is a deep learning method for artificial neural networks. The predictive model was compared with typical regression models, such as polynomial regression (also known as response surface model), EDT and RBF, to determine the optimal approximation model. The real modeling time for a radiator tank product is 1 h, but the MLP approximation model required only 1 min and 8 s to perform 8530 iterations with a similar reliability.

Geometrical Compensation of Injection-Molded Thin-Walled Parts in Reverse Engineering

Kim Yeun Sul,Lee Hi Koan,Huang Jing Chung,Kong Young Sik,Yang Gyun Eui Korean Society for Precision Engineering 2005 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.6 No.2

A geometric compensation of thin-walled molded parts in reverse engineering is presented. Researches in reverse engineering have focused on the fitting of points to curves and surfaces. However, the reconstructed model is not the geometric model because the molded parts have some dimensional errors in measurements and deformation during molding. Geometric information can give an improved accuracy in reverse engineering. Thus, measurement data must be compensated with geometric information to reconstruct the mathematical model. The functional and geometric concepts of the part can be derived from geometric information. LSM (Least square method) is adopted to determine the geometric information. Also, an example of geometric compensation is given to improve the accuracy of geometric model and to inspect the reconstructed model.

New Geometric modeling method: reconstruction of surface using Reverse Engineering techniques

Jihan Seo 대한안전경영과학회 1999 대한안전경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.1999 No.11

In reverse engineering area, it is rapidly developing reconstruction of surfaces from scanning or digitizing data, but geometric models of existing objects unavailable many industries. This paper describes new methodology of reverse engineering area, good strategies and important algorithms in reverse engineering area. Furthermore, proposing reconstruction of surface technique is presented. A method find base geometry and blending surface between them. Each based geometry is divided by triangular patch which are compared their normal vector for face grouping. Each group is categorized analytical surface such as a part of the cylinder, the sphere, the cone, and the plane that mean each based geometry surface. And then, each based geometry surface is implemented infinitive surface. Infinitive average surface's intersections are trimmed boundary representation model reconstruction. This method has several benefits such as the time efficiency and automatic functional modeling system in reverse engineering. Especially, it can be applied 3D scanner and 3D copier.

사진을 이용한 역설계 기법의 회전익분야 적용 사례

김재원,신필권,정상원,양준호 한국항공우주학회 2014 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.11

역설계란 현실적으로 획득하기 어렵거나 불가한 데이터를 추정하여 특정 목적으로 활용하기 위한 엔지니어링 기법을 말한다. 오래 전부터 다양한 역설계 기법이 개발되어 적용되고 있지만 자료 획득의 용이성으로 인해 사진을 활용한 역설계 기법이 널리 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 사진을 이용한 역설계의 필수기법인 사진 자료 획득 방법과 후처리 기법을 제시하고, 회전익 분야의 다양한 활용사례를 통해 사진을 활용한 역설계의 가능성과 한계를 확인 하였다. 역설계에 사용된 도구로는 CATIA V5를 사용하였다. In case of limitation of acquiring data, reverse engineering can be applicable for estimation data as a reliable reference. Even though it had been studied and developed method of reverse engineering already, this paper describes how to apply reverse engineering with photo. Especially, this paper focuses on how to get and modify photo with various application cases. Moreover this paper shares the aerodynamic analysis result for Light Armed Helicopter with Photo Reverse engineering method. CATIA V5 had been used to study photo reverse engineering.

역설계를 통해 BIM 구축시에 3D 모델링에 대한 세밀도(LoD) 정립

채재현(Chae, Jae-Hyun),이지영(Lee, Ji-Yeong) 한국BIM학회 2018 KIBIM Magazine Vol.7 No.4

When it comes to set up the BIM through the reverse engineering, the level of detail(LoD) required for finalized outcomes is different from each purpose. Therefore, it is necessary to establish some concrete criteria which describe the definition of LoDs on 3D modeling for the purpose of each reverse engineering. This research shows the criteria of the 1) positional accuracy, 2) generalization level , 3) scale level, 4) scope of description, and 5) the area available for application by classifying LoD from 1 to 6 on 3D modeling for each purpose of reverse engineering. Moreover, through applying those criteria for the 3D point cloud dataset of building made by terrestrial LiDAR, this research finds out the working hour of 3D modeling of reverse engineering by each LoDs according to defined LoD criteria for each level. It is expected that those findings, how those criteria of LoD on reverse engineering are utilized for modeling-workers to decide whether the outcomes can be suitable for their budget, applicable fields or not, would contribute to help them as a basic information.

Reverse engineering of mechanical parts: A template-based approach

Buonamici, Francesco,Carfagni, Monica,Furferi, Rocco,Governi, Lapo,Lapini, Alessandro,Volpe, Yary Society for Computational Design and Engineering 2018 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.5 No.2

Template-Based reverse engineering approaches represent a relatively poorly explored strategy in the field of CAD reconstruction from polygonal models. Inspired by recent works suggesting the possibility/opportunity of exploiting a parametric description (i.e. CAD template) of the object to be reconstructed in order to retrieve a meaningful digital representation, a novel reverse engineering approach for the reconstruction of CAD models starting from 3D mesh data is proposed. The reconstruction process is performed relying on a CAD template, whose feature tree and geometric constraints are defined according to the a priori information on the physical object. The CAD template is fitted upon the mesh data, optimizing its dimensional parameters and positioning/orientation by means of a particle swarm optimization algorithm. As a result, a parametric CAD model that perfectly fulfils the imposed geometric relations is produced and a feature tree, defining an associative modelling history, is available to the reverse engineer. The proposed implementation exploits a cooperation between a CAD software package (Siemens NX) and a numerical software environment (MATLAB). Five reconstruction tests, covering both synthetic and real-scanned mesh data, are presented and discussed in the manuscript; the results are finally compared with models generated by state of the art reverse engineering software and key aspects to be addressed in future work are hinted at.

Reverse engineering of mechanical parts: A template-based approach

Francesco Buonamici,Monica Carfagni,Rocco Furferi,Lapo Governi,Alessandro Lapini,Yary Volpe 한국CDE학회 2018 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.5 No.2

Template-Based reverse engineering approaches represent a relatively poorly explored strategy in the field of CAD reconstruction from polygonal models. Inspired by recent works suggesting the possibil-ity/opportunity of exploiting a parametric description (i.e. CAD template) of the object to be recon-structed in order to retrieve a meaningful digital representation, a novel reverse engineering approach for the reconstruction of CAD models starting from 3D mesh data is proposed. The reconstruction process is performed relying on a CAD template, whose feature tree and geometric constraints are defined accord-ing to the a priori information on the physical object. The CAD template is fitted upon the mesh data, opti-mizing its dimensional parameters and positioning/orientation by means of a particle swarm optimization algorithm. As a result, a parametric CAD model that perfectly fulfils the imposed geometric relations is produced and a feature tree, defining an associative modelling history, is available to the reverse engineer. The proposed implementation exploits a cooperation between a CAD software package (Siemens NX) and a numerical software environment (MATLAB). Five reconstruction tests, covering both synthetic and real-scanned mesh data, are presented and discussed in the manuscript; the results are finally compared with models generated by state of the art reverse engineering software and key aspects to be addressed in future work are hinted at.