뜻풀이의 교육적 활용 - 영어 관사의 정보를 중심으로 -

송효원 한국사전학회 2025 한국사전학 Vol.- No.45

본 연구에서는 국립국어원『한국어ᐨ외국어 학습사전』 중 『한국어ᐨ영어 학습사전』의 영어 뜻풀이를 어떻게 영어 교육에 활용할 수 있을지, 특히 영어 관사의 사용을 중심으로 살펴보고자 하였다. 외국어로서 한국어를 배우는 학습자들뿐만 아니라 한국 모어 화자 중 영어 학습자를 겨냥한 『한ᐨ영 학습사전』의 활용 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 2024년국립국어원에서실시한 『한ᐨ영 학습사전』 의 번역 작업 목록 중 대역어 점검 작업 대상 표제어인 623개 중 명사 표제어를 대상으로 하였다. 416개의 명사 표제어 중 무작위 선택을 통한 명사 목록, 선택된 명사 표제어의 한국어 뜻풀이에 대역이 되는 영어 뜻풀이를 조사하였다. 『한ᐨ영 학습사전』의 영어 뜻풀이에서 영어 부정관사 사용을 살펴보기 위해, 『옥스퍼드 학습자 사전』과 『케임브리지 학습자 사전』을 기준으로 하였다. 영어 부정관사의 사용은 단일어 학습자 사전(옥스퍼드/케임브리지 학습자 사전)에서는 가산성에 따라 대부분 일치하여 사용되는 반면, 『한ᐨ영 학습사전』에서는 가산성과 관사 사용의 일치성이 다소 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 한국어의 경우 가산성 정보보다는 분류사 정보의 중요성이 높기 때문일 것이다. 몇 가지 제언으로는 먼저, 한국어를 외국어로 배우는 학습자, 특히 영어 모어 학습자를 위한 『한ᐨ영 학습사전』의 영어 뜻풀이 활용에 대한 것이다. 그들에게 영어 관사 사용은 너무나 자연스러운 것으로 『옥스퍼드 학습사전』이나 『케임브리지 학습사전』과 비슷한 수준의 가산 정보와 관사 사용의 일치성을 기대할 수 있을 것이다. 이에 『한ᐨ영 학습사전』의 영어 뜻풀이의 관사 사용을 기존의 영어 단일어 학습 사전의 수준과 비슷하게 하여 영어 모어 학습자의 사용성 편의를 제공할 필요는 있다고 제언한다. 또한 한국어 표제어 및 뜻풀이에서 가산 정보의 부재를 영어 뜻풀이와 비교하여 한국어에서 가산 정보의 비중요성을 파악할 수 있을 것이다. 한국어를 모어로 하는 학습자의 경우는 다음과 같다. 한국어 모어 학습자는 한국어 표제어-영어 대역어, 한국어 뜻풀이-영어 뜻풀이 순으로 일반적인 이중어 사전(영어 표제어-한국어 대역어)의 구조가 아닌 한국어 표제어-한국어 뜻풀이-영어 대역어-영어 뜻풀이라는 구조에 노출되게 된다. 이는 아직 한국어 어휘력이 필요한 초, 중, 고등학생에게는 하나의 접근 방법이 될 수 있고, 영어 대역어 및 영어 뜻풀이까지 확인할 수 있다는 것 또한 영어 교육적 측면에서 영어 단일어 사전을 사용하는 효과가 있을 것이다. 영어 관사와 같이 예문과 용법이 다양하게 요구되는 문법적 자질 같은 경우, 영어 뜻풀이 자체가 예문이 되고 활용도가 있을 것으로 판단하여 『한ᐨ영 학습사전』의 영어 뜻풀이에서의 가산성 정보를 통한 영어 교육의 활용적 측면을 제시하였다. 마지막으로 한국어의 가산 정보에 대한 비중요성에 대한 한계점 및 구체적인 교육적 활용을 위한 연구 조사는 향후 연구 과제로 남겨 두었다. This study aims to explore how the English translated definitions in the National Institute of Korean Language’s Korean-Foreign Language Learners’ Dictionary, specifically the Korean-English Learners’ Dictionary, can be utilized in English education, with a particular focus on the use of English articles. This study suggests ways to utilize the Korean-English Learners’ Dictionary not only for learners studying Korean as a foreign language but also for native Korean speakers learning English. The research examines noun entries among the 623 entries selected for translation review in the 2024 Korean-Foreign Language Learners’ Dictionary translation project conducted by the National Institute of Korean Language. There are 416 noun entries out of 623 words, and a random selection of 104 noun entries was made for the data of this study. Their corresponding English definitions, based on their Korean meanings, were investigated. To analyze the use of the English indefinite article in the English translated definitions of the Korean-English Learners’ Dictionary, the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary and the Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary were used as reference points. The use of the English indefinite article is consistently used in monolingual Learner’s dictionary (Oxford Learner’s Dictionary and Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary) based on the countability of nouns. However, the Korean-English Learners’ Dictionary shows somewhat lower consistency between countability and article usage. This may be because, in Korean, classifier information is more important than countability information. Several suggestions include, first, the utilization of English definitions in the Korean-English Learners’ Dictionary for learners of Korean as a foreign language, especially native English learners. For them, the use of English articles is very natural, and they can expect a similar level of countability information and consistency in article usage as found in the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary and Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary. Therefore it suggested that the use of articles in English definitions in the Korean-English Learners’ Dictionary should be similar to the level of existing English monolingual learner dictionaries to provide convenience for native English learners. Additionally, by comparing the absence of countability information in Korean headwords and definitions with English definitions, one can understand the insignificance of countability information in Korean. For native Korean learners of English, the suggestion is as follows: Korean native learners, in the Korean-English Learners’ Dictionary, are exposed to a structure of Korean entry-Korean definition-English equivalent-English translated definition, rathe than the typical bilingual dictionary structure, English headword-Korean equivalent. This approach can be advantageous to elementary, middle, and high schoolers who still need to build their Korean vocabulary, as they can check both the English equivalent and the English definition. For grammatical features like English articles, which require diverse examples and usage, the English definition itself can serve as an example and be useful. Therefore, the use of countability information in English definitions in the Korean-English Learners’ Dictionary is suggested for its educational utility in teaching English. Lastly, the limitations regarding the insignificance of countability information in Korean and specific educational applications are left as topics for future research.

한국어 학습용 이중 언어화 사전의 편찬 방향과 실제 : 『국립국어원 한국어-외국어 학습사전』을 중심으로

박정아 한국통역번역학회 2016 통역과 번역 Vol.18 No.3

The purpose of this study is to explore the direction and practice of compiling a bilingualised dictionary for Korean learners. For this, first, it reviews the short history of bilingual dictionary compilation for Korean learners from 『Gyerimyusa』 in Goryeo Dynasty. In addition, it extracts two main needs about Korean learners' dictionary from advance research. Finally, this paper explores how to compile and design a bilingualised dictionary for Korean learners at this station focusing on 『Korean Basic Dictionary』 and 『National Institute of Korean Language's Korean-Foreign language Learners' Dictionary』. This study can provide the direction and principles of Korean learners' dictionary.

학습사전으로서의 『보통학교 조선어사전』(1925) 살펴보기

이유원 한국사전학회 2024 한국사전학 Vol.0 No.43

이 글은 일제 강점기 교과서인 『보통학교 조선어독본』를 바탕으로 만든 심의린의 『보통학교 조선어사전』(1925)을 학습사전의 시각으로 분석하며 서평하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 『보통학교 조선어사전』은 교과서에 쓰인 어휘를 바탕으로 만든 사전으로, 지금까지 조사된 결과 한국 사람이 편찬하여 단행본으로 출판한 최초의 한국어 학습사전이라 할 수 있다. 즉, 현재 초등 국어사전에 해당하는 일제 강점기 초등학교 학생들을 위한 학습사전인 것이다. 우선 2장에서는 심의린이 『보통학교 조선어사전』 자서와 범례에서 직접 밝힌 이 사전의 편찬 배경과 목적, 활용 방안에 대해 살펴보았다. 3장에서는 이러한 편찬 목적을 바탕으로 『보통학교 조선어사전』의 표제어와 그 외 미시 구조의 분석을 통해 이 사전이 학습사전으로서 어떤 특징을 가지고 있는지, 그리고 학습사전으로 기능하기 위해 어떠한 장치를 두고 있는지를 검토하였다. 이 사전이 편찬된 당시의 환경을 현대의 사전 편찬 환경과 동등하게 놓고 비교하기는 어렵지만, 편찬자가 직접 학습사전임을 표방하며 그 목적을 밝힌 만큼 학습사전으로 활용되기 위하여 다각도에서 나름의 노력을 취했음을 확인할 수 있다. The purpose of this article is to analyze and review Shim Eui-rin's Joseon Language dictionary of primary school (1925), which was based on the Joseon Language textbook of Primary School』, a textbook from the Japanese colonial period, from the perspective of a learner’s dictionary. Joseon language dictionary of primary school is a dictionary based on the vocabulary used in textbooks, and as a result of the survey so far, it can be said to be the first Korean language learner’s dictionary compiled and published in a book by Koreans. In other words, it is a learner’s dictionary for elementary school students during the Japanese colonial period, which is currently the elementary Korean dictionary. First of all, in Chapter 2, we examined the background, purpose, and application plan of this dictionary, which Shim Eui-rin directly revealed in the autobiography and legend of 『Joseon Language Dictionary of Primary School』. Based on this purpose of compilation, Chapter 3 examines what characteristics this dictionary has as a learner’s dictionary and what other devices it has to function as a learner’s dictionary through the analysis of the heading and other microstructures of 『Joseon Language Dictionary of Primary School』. Although it is difficult to com pare the environment at the time this dictionary was compiled on an equal footing with the modern dictionary compilation environment, it can be confirmed that the compilation company has made its own efforts to be used as a learner’s dictionary as it claims to be a direct learner’s dictionary and has revealed its purpose.

외국인 학습자를 위한 한국어 사전 편찬의 성과와 과제: 올림말

홍종선 ( Jong Seon Hong ) 우리어문학회 2012 우리어문연구 Vol.42 No.-

Recently, as the number of Korean learners are rapidly increasing, the regions and the kinds of organizations where one can learn Korean are being largely enlarged and diversified. Along with the tendency, dictionaries for Korean learners should also be developed in more diversity. In this paper, we examined the entries in the existing Korean Learner s Dictionaries and could not find any notable differences between dictionaries for native speakers and those for Korean learners in terms of selection, arrangement and script of entries. Now the circumstances are well matured for the compilation of a midium-sized dictionary that contains around 50,000 entries for Korean language learners. It would be a dictionary which can support the intermediate and advanced learners and, at the same time, which can play the role of a base dictionary for publishing other diverse Korean Learner s Dictionaries. As today s environments for dictionary users and publishers are fundamentally changed, the use of web-based or application-based dictionaries, compared to paper type, will be largely increased in the future. The capacity of these new dictionaries are also expected to become quite large, so we conceived our dictionary in a way that can be conveniently used by Korean learners even in terms of entries. For example, variants of irregular predicates, commonly used non-standard vocabulary or easily mistaken script forms are also included in the dictionary, and are given superscripts according to their frequency of use. On top of this an eojeol dictionary is proposed in this paper. It includes all the forms such as noun-particle combinations, various conjugations, etc. It means that every eojeol with a certain frequency of use would be an entry so that it allows for Korean language learners to get easy access and obtain the information they want in a very convenient way: all these are totally feasible with the new proposed dictionary.

외국인 학습자를 위한 한국어 사전 편찬의 성과와 과제: 올림말

홍종선 우리어문학회 2012 우리어문연구 Vol.42 No.-

Recently, as the number of Korean learners are rapidly increasing, the regions and the kinds of organizations where one can learn Korean are being largely enlarged and diversified. Along with the tendency, dictionaries for Korean learners should also be developed in more diversity. In this paper, we examined the entries in the existing Korean Learner s Dictionaries and could not find any notable differences between dictionaries for native speakers and those for Korean learners in terms of selection, arrangement and script of entries. Now the circumstances are well matured for the compilation of a midium-sized dictionary that contains around 50,000 entries for Korean language learners. It would be a dictionary which can support the intermediate and advanced learners and, at the same time, which can play the role of a base dictionary for publishing other diverse Korean Learner s Dictionaries. As today s environments for dictionary users and publishers are fundamentally changed,the use of web-based or application-based dictionaries, compared to paper type, will be largely increased in the future. The capacity of these new dictionaries are also expected to become quite large, so we conceived our dictionary in a way that can be conveniently used by Korean learners even in terms of entries. For example, variants of irregular predicates, commonly used non-standard vocabulary or easily mistaken script forms are also included in the dictionary, and are given superscripts according to their frequency of use. On top of this an eojeol dictionary is proposed in this paper. It includes all the forms such as noun-particle combinations, various conjugations, etc. It means that every eojeol with a certain frequency of use would be an entry so that it allows for Korean language learners to get easy access and obtain the information they want in a very convenient way: all these are totally feasible with the new proposed dictionary. 최근 들어 한국어 학습자의 수가 급격히 늘어나면서 한국어를 교육하는 지역 및 기관도 다양하게 확대되고 있다. 이에 따라 한국어 학습자 사전도 다양하게 개발되어야 한다. 본고는 이전에 나온 학습자 사전들에서 올림말 문제를주로 살피었는데, 올림말의 선정과, 배열, 표기 등에서 내국인용 사전과 큰 차이가 없는 경우가 많았다. 이젠 한국어 교육 분야에서도 5만 개 정도의 올림말을 갖는 중사전을 편찬해야 할 때가 되었다. 중·고급 학습자까지 감당하는 사전인데, 이는 다양한한국어 학습자 사전을 편찬하기 위한 기반 사전 역할을 하기도 한다. 앞으로사전의 편찬과 사용의 환경은 크게 달라져, 종이 사전보다는 전자 사전이나 웹사전, 앱 사전 등의 이용이 늘어날 것이다. 이들 새로운 매체의 사전은 용량이엄청나게 늘어날 수 있으므로, 올림말 영역에서도 좀더 학습자가 쉽게 이용하도록 사전을 구상할 수 있다. 가령 불규칙 용언의 변이 어간, 널리 사용되는비표준어나 잘못 쓰기 쉬운 표기 형태 등도 올림말에 수용하며, 사용 빈도순에따라 어깨번호를 매기는 등이다. 여기에 더하여 본고에서는 어절 사전 을 제안하였다. 명사와 조사가 결합한형태들, 동사의 다양한 활용형 등을 모두 포괄하는 것이다. 말뭉치에서 일정빈도 이상을 가진 어절이 다 올림말이 되는 것으로, 이는 한국어 학습자들이부담 없이 사전에 접근하여 원하는 정보를 아주 쉽게 얻을 수 있게 한다. 이는새로운 대용량 매체의 사전에서 얼마든지 가능한 것이다.

한국어 학습사전의 현황과 과제 - 국립국어원 『한국어기초사전』을 중심으로 -

이윤미(Lee, Yoonmi) 한국사전학회 2023 한국사전학 Vol.- No.41

이 글의 목적은 첫째, 국립국어원 『한국어기초사전』을 기존에 이루어진 한국어 학습사전의 요건에 대한 논의와 비교하여 분석하는 것이고, 둘째는 분석한 것을 바탕으로 앞으로 한국어 학습사전에서 고려되어야 할 점이 무엇인가를 짚어보는 것이다. 이를 위해 먼저 『한국어기초사전』의 거시 구조와 미시 구조를 면밀히 분석하였다. 이때 한국어 학습사전의 요건에 대하여 다룬 기존의 논의를 살피며 이 요건에 얼마나 부합하는지를 확인하였다. 특히 미시 구조에서 뜻풀이와 용례를 일반 국어사전인 『표준국어대사전』과 비교하여 분석하였다. 끝으로 『한국어기초사전』의 거시 구조와 미시 구조를 분석한 내용을 바탕으로 앞으로 한국어 학습사전을 편찬할 때 고려해야 할 점을 살펴보았다. The purpose of this article is, first, to compare and analyze National Institute of Korean Language Basic Korean Dictionary with existing discussions on the requirements of Korean learner’s dictionaries, and second, based on the analysis, what should be considered in future Korean learner’s dictionaries. To this end, the macro- and micro-structures of the Basic Korean Dictionar y were analyzed closely. At this time, by examining the existing discussions on the requirements of Korean learner’s dictionaries, it was confirmed how well they met these requirements. In particular, the definitions and usage examples in the microscopic structure were compared and analyzed with Standard Korean Dictionary , a general Korean language dictionary. Lastly, based on the analysis of the macro- and micro-structures of the Basic Korean Dictionary , we looked at the points to be considered when compiling a Korean learning dictionary in the future.

한국어 학습자 사전의 용례 기술 방법에 대한 연구

원미진(Won Mijin) 한국사전학회 2011 한국사전학 Vol.- No.18

In a learner's dictionary, the function of examples can be classified into various functional categories. This study focuses on three categories such as (1) semantic, (2) grammatical(morpho-syntactic) and (3) pragmatic functions by a major fuctional category in a Korean learner's dictionary. Compared to other dictionaries for native speakers of Korean, editorial examples are the appropriate types of examples in terms of productive use of a dictionary for learning Korean. For considering a semantic function, examples clarify the meaning and definition and gives a sense of differentiation as well. For a grammatical function, examples specify construction of words and collocations with various types of inflection. The pragmatic aspect of functions involves several statuses of the words used in the formal and informal, the degree of politeness, and written and oral forms of language. The Korean learner's dictionary should contain three types of examples in order to serve these functions by presenting phrasal, sentence and dialogue examples to effectively assist Korean learners.

학습자 사전에서의 고유명사 표제어 선정의 문제

김선혜(Kim Sun-hye),한승규(Han Seungkyu) 한국사전학회 2011 한국사전학 Vol.- No.17

This research, as making a suggestion to improve Korean learner’s dictionary, discussed about selecting of proper noun entries for learner’s dictionary and its criteria. First, the significance of learning proper nouns to Korean language students in advanced levels was examined. On the basis of the educational significance of proper nouns, the need for proper noun entries in learner’s dictionary was discussed. After examining that the criteria for selecting proper noun entries should be different from general word entries in learner’s dictionary, the study carefully considered for a desirable plan regarding how to select proper noun entries and describe it. As an example of a desirable plan for describing a proper noun entry, the study also presented the change in the significance by different types of proper nouns, and suggested the types of proper nouns that are qualified as an entry in learner’s dictionary. In the future, the selected proper noun entries may contribute to the Korean language students in advanced levels who are using learner’s dictionary.

중국어권 화자를 위한 한국어 학습사전에 대한 연구

임형재 한국언어문화교육학회 2010 언어와 문화 Vol.6 No.3

According to Bae(2009), the Korean dictionary for foreigners has a long history of 900 years or so, if ‘鷄林類事’(1104) is considered the first of them, however, according to ‘Korean learner's dictionary for Foreigner’ (2006), it has just few years history. As shown, the history of modern Korean learner's dictionary(hereafter KLD) is indeed short. The trend of the flow of globalize society and internationalize Hangul emphasizes the need of KLD for each language. The KLD using L1 has been learner’s selection in the past learning process and is still requested by many students. However, due to the nature of making dictionary, it is difficult to satisfy the needs of the learners in short time by making a dictionary. It is very important to develop KLD for bilingual. Especially, as the number of Chinese students in Korea is increasing day by day, the need of KLD for Chinese-speakers are no need to be explained. The research has organized headwords, definition, phonetic transcriptions, usage examples, grammar and idioms for development and configuration of KLD for Chinese-speakers.

한국어 학습자 오류 사전 개발 모형 연구 -사례 분석과 사전의 미시구조 설계를 중심으로-

홍혜란 ( Hong Heyran ),유소영 ( Yoo Soyoung ),강현화 ( Kang Hyounhwa ) 한국언어문화교육학회 2021 언어와 문화 Vol.17 No.2

This study is based on the premise that the microstructure of the Korean learner’s common errors dictionary. For this purpose, theoretically, it was reviewed the importance of learner’s errors and were analyzed the dictionaries of learner’s common errors published in both domestic and abroad. The results showed that there is a fundamental difference in the contents of the dictionary and the description method according to the user of the dictionary and the purpose of use. In this study, Korean language teachers and researchers were included as main users, and upper-intermediate and advanced learners as second users. This work proposes a microstructured design model of the learner's dictionary, which consists of language knowledge, error information about the items and reference information for teaching and learning. In conclusion, although the research so far has been the result of error studies by Korean learners which have accumulated only theoretical results, this study extends to practical discussions for the development of common error dictionaries for Korean learners. (Yonsei University)