인구고령화와 의료비

정형선 ( Hyoung Sun Jeong ),송양민 ( Yang Min Song ),이규식 ( Kyu Sik Lee ) 한국보건경제정책학회 2007 보건경제와 정책연구 Vol.13 No.1

The elderly population in most OECD countries is rapidly growing because of declining death rates and increasing life expectancy. Population aging has caused concerns about the burden of health care expenditures. Future health care expenditures are, particularly, expected to soar as the baby boom generation is going to retire in the near future. There has been a wide belief that there is a mechanistic relationship between the population aging and the rapid growth of national health spending. However, many domestic studies on both healthy aging and death-related costs have shown some reservations to such a belief. This study based on cross-country comparison shows the possibility of a decline of disability in developed countries, compared with the increased life expectancy(healthy ageing hypothesis). This study also showed that the relationship between age and health expenditure was weak and possibly inverse once proximity to death was controlled for. Death ratio was more important as a determinant of health costs than age itself(death-related cost hypothesis). The results of this study cast two suggestions among others. Firstly, simple projections based on age-specific health expenditure will be misleading. Healthy aging and death-related costs should be taken into account in projections of future health care costs to avoid overestimation. The longer life expectancy of baby-boom generation may not bring as great an increased burden for the health care costs as many fear. Secondly, if we can postpone the time of death to higher ages through healthy aging, we can put a brake on the health care costs for the elderly. Health promotion and investment for health, therefore, would contribute not only to the health of population but also to mitigation of the cost increase for health care.

A Causal Model for Successful Aging

Bo Sun Koh 한국노인복지학회 2010 International Journal of Welfare for the Aged Vol.23 No.-

The purpose of this research is to test causal relationships among health status, self-esteem, mental health, and successful aging in the social activity participated elderly and the non-participated elderly. Major results of this study was as follow; First, the social activity participated elderly had higher health status, self-esteem, mental health, and successful aging than the non-participated elderly. Second, self-esteem and mental health were exposed as important variable for all of the two groups to improve the successful aging. But, the strongest predictor of the successful aging appeared as two groups differ. Self-esteem was the strongest predictor of the successful aging for the social activity participated elderly. Otherwise, mental health was the strangest predictor of the successful aging for the non-participated elderly. Third, the strangest total causal effect of successful aging was health status in social activity participated elderly, while self-esteem was the greatest total causal effect of it in the non-participated elderly. Health status had higher indirect effect of successful aging than direct effect of it in both of them. This result support this hypothesized model. Fourth, the greatest total effect of successful aging was mental health in the non-participated elderly. Otherwise, in case of the social activity participated elderly, self-esteem was the strangest total effect of it.

노인의 건강증진행위가 성공적 노후에 미치는 영향: 성공적 노화인식과 생활만족도 매개효과 중심

장홍영 대한산업경영학회 2023 산업융합연구 Vol.21 No.5

The purpose of this study is to look into how elderly people’s health promoting behaviors influence their successful aging, to realize how their perception of successful aging and their life satisfaction have the mediating effect on the path from health promotion behaviors to successful aging, and to find the significant influence of successful aging perception and life satisfaction on successful aging. This researcher conducted a questionnaire survey with elderly people using a senior welfare center in Gyeonggio-do, and analyzed 250 copies that. For data analysis, SPSS Win 25 was applied to conduct frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and correlation analysis. Mediating effect analysis was made to verify the causal relations between health promoting behaviors and successful aging, and to validate the mediating effect of successful aging perception and life satisfaction on the causal relations. As a result, elderly people’s health promoting behaviors influenced their perception of successful aging, their life satisfaction, and their successful aging. Their perception of successful aging had the mediating effect on health promotional behaviors and successful aging, but life satisfaction did not so. This study has the following implications: it is necessary to train persons specializing in support for health promoting, to develop an efficient health promotional model and program, and to provide an opportunity of education. It is necessary to come up with a support policy in consideration of tangible or intangible factors. It is necessary to establish a policy in line with economic levels and health conditions of elderly people. 본 연구의 목적은 노인의 건강증진행위가 성공적 노후에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고, 건강증진행위가 성공적 노후로 가는 경로에 성공적 노화 인식과 생활만족도가 어떠한 매개역할을 하는지를 구체화하고 성공적 노화 인식과 생활만족도가 성공적 노후에 유의미한 영향에 관해 알아보고자 하는 것이었다. 경기도 노인복지관을 이용하는 노인을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 최종 250부를 분석에 사용하였다. 자료분석은 SPSS Win 25를 활용하여 빈도분석, 기술통계, t-test와 일원배치분산분석, 상관분석을 실시하였다. 매개효과분석을 통해 건강증진행위와 성공적 노후 간에 설정한 인과 관계를 검증하고 나아가 성공적 노화 인식과 생활만족도가 이러한 인과관계에 매개효과가 있는지를 검증하였다. 연구 결과 노인들의 건강증진행위는 성공적 노화인식, 생활만족도, 성공적 노후에 영향을 주었고, 노인들의 성공적 노화 인식은 건강증진행위와 성공적 노후간에 매개 역할을 하였으나 생활만족도는 건강증진행위와 성공적 노후 간에 매개 역할을 하지 못했다. 함의는 건강증진 지원전문가, 모델 및 프로그램 개발, 홍보 및 교육기회 제공이 필요하다. 노인의 다양한 유·무형적 요인을 고려한 지원이 필요하고, 경제 및 현재 건강 수준에 맞게 정책이 마련되어야 한다.

건강증진프로그램 참여가 건강증진 생활양식과 성공적 노화에 미치는 영향

김현수(Kim, Hyun-Su),황향희(Hwang, Hwang-Hee),이유진(Lee, Yu-Jin) 한국체육과학회 2014 한국체육과학회지 Vol.23 No.5

The purpose of this study recognize effecting of participation in health improvement programs against health improvement lifestyle and successful aging. Health improvement programs developed by Walker, Sechrist & Pender (1987) which are a questionnaire to the Yonsei University, Center for Health Promotion (2006) used the tool in analysis was based on successful aging Dong bae Kim(2008), based on a tool developed to target the Korean. Elderly for the purposes of this study, modify, supplement use, and then the 79 people targeted health improvement program participants and successful aging, lifestyle the difference is aimed. And survey data using the program SPSS 19.0 for Window analytical purposes was based on the computational processing. General characteristics of the subjects to assess the frequency analysis was carry out, the measurement tool for verification of the validity and reliability, exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach’s coefficient for the validation of the reliability was calculated. The health promotion program participation before and after the wellness lifestyle and successful aging for verification of the differences were analyzed by paired t-test and analysis of data related to these methods, the following conclusion was obtained. Firstly, according to the health improvement before and after participation in the program, depending on the health effects of lifestyle stress (social and psychological analysis of perception, self-satisfaction, medical care, health care, regular physical activity, diet, self-management had a positive effectiveness. Secondly, the health promotion program participation before and after the successful aging, according to the analysis of the effect on family life satisfaction, self-completion-oriented, autonomous life, active life, participating accommodate others, showed positive effects in health promotion.

중년 성인의 건강증진행위, 자기효능감, 부부친밀감과 성공적 노화

천경인(Cheon, Kyung-In),신윤희(Shin, Yun Hee) 기본간호학회 2020 기본간호학회지 Vol.27 No.3

Purpose: This study is a descriptive research that aimed to investigate the degree of successful aging, health promotion behavior, self-efficacy and marital intimacy, and to identity the factors affecting their successful aging. Methods: The subjects in this study were 110 middle-aged. Data were analyzed using Independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and Multiple Linear Regression. Results: Participants scored 81.7±12.25 on health promotion behavior, 29.1±2.64 on self-efficacy, 53.6±9.29 on marital intimacy and 73.8±8.51 on successful aging. There were significant positive relationships between successful aging and health promotion behavior (r=.59, p<.001), and self-efficacy (r=.31, p=.002), and marital intimacy (r=.34, p=.001). Factors influencing successful aging were perceived health status (β=4.59), health promotion behavior (β=0.34). The explanation power of this regression model was 44% and it was statistically significant (F=20.68, p<.001). Conclusion: The perceived health status and health promotion behavior may help the successful aging of middle-aged. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the health status and health promotion behavior of middle-aged in order to prepare their successful aging.

소득수준이 주관적 건강상태에 미치는 영향의 연령대별 차이: 2001, 2005년 서울시민보건지표조사 자료의 분석 결과

정연,오주환,조영태,Jung, Youn,Oh, Ju-Hwan,Cho, Young-Tae 대한예방의학회 2007 예방의학회지 Vol.40 No.5

Objectives: This study was conducted in order to determine how the association between socioeconomic position(SEP) and health status changes with age among Seoul residents aged 25 and over. Methods: We utilized the 2001 and 2005 Seoul Citizens Health Indicators Surveys. We used self-rated 'poor' health status as an outcome variable, and family income as an indicator of SEP. In order to characterize the differential effects of socioeconomic position on health by age, we conducted separate multivariate analyses by 10-year age groups, controlling for sociodemographic covariates. In order to assess the relative health inequality across socioeconomic groups, we estimated the Relative Index of Inequality (RII). Results: The risk of 'poor health' is significantly high in low family income groups, and this increased risk is seen at all ages. However, the magnitude of relative socioeconomic inequality in health, as measured by the odds ratio and RII, is not identical across age groups. The difference in health across income groups is small in early adulthood (ages 25-34), but increases with age until relatively late in life (ages 35-64). It then decreases among the elderly population (ages more than 65). When the RII reported in 2005 is compared to that reported in 2001, RII can be seen to have increased across all ages, with the exception of individuals aged 25-34. Conclusions: The magnitude of health inequality is the greatest during mid- to late adulthood (ages 45-64). In addition, health inequalities have worsened between 2001 and 2005 across all age groups after economic crisis.

웰에이징을 위한 노인 구강건강과 삶의 질 및 교육 요구도에 관한 연구

김설희,김광환,김용하,임효남 한국산학기술학회 2022 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.23 No.5

This study aims to provide basic data for developing an oral health education plan for the elderly's well-aging by examining their oral health-related quality of life and educational needs. In particular, this study surveyed 110 people aged 65 and over through interviews by Gallup Korea in September and October 2021. This survey's parameters were the respondents' general characteristics, oral health-related quality of life, and oral health knowledge and education requirements. Subsequently, the survey data were analyzed using the PASW Statistics 21.0 statistical program. Notably, this analysis showed that the oral health-related quality of life was low among the surveyed elderly who were low educated, medical care-governed, and living alone. In addition, the oral health education needs were investigated highly by focusing on the oral health treatment and examination methods. Meanwhile, the surveyed elderly's knowledge of the oral diseases' causes was the highest, followed by their respective knowledge of the oral diseases' symptoms, prevention, and association with systemic diseases in the same order. Notably, 60.9 % of the surveyed elderly considered oral health education necessary for their well-aging. In addition, 45.5 % of these elderly who realized the said necessity were willing to acquire knowledge through oral health education, with dental-medicine institutions and lectures-with-practicals as their preferred oral health educational institutions and methods, respectively. Since the fraction of the elderly who wanted to participate in oral health education among those who recognized their well-aging's need for this education was low, oral health education and policy proposals are required to expand the oral health education awareness and consider the socioeconomics of the elderly. 본 연구는 노인의 구강건강, 삶의 질 및 교육 요구도를 조사하여 웰에이징을 위한 구강건강 교육안을 개발하는데 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 2021년 9-10월 한국갤럽의 면담조사를 통해 65세 이상 노인 110명을 조사하였다. 연구내용은 일반적 특성, 구강건강 관련 삶의 질, 구강보건 지식, 구강보건 교육 요구도를 조사하였다. 조사 자료는 PASW Statistics ver 21.0 통계 프로그램으로 분석하였다. 구강건강 관련 삶의 질은 저학력자, 의료보호, 독거노인이 낮게 나타났다. 구강보건 교육요구도 분석결과 치료법과 검사법이 높게 조사되었다. 노인의 구강보건지식 분석결과 구강질환 원인이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 그 다음으로 증상, 예방 순서였다. 웰에이징을 위한 구강보건교육이 필요하다는 응답은 60.9% 이었고, 구강보건교육 희망자는 45.5%, 교육희망기관은 치과 의료기관, 교육 희망 방법은 강의+체험이 이었다. 교육필요성 인식대비 교육 참여희망 노인비율이 낮아 구강보건교육 인식 확대방안 및 사회경제적 수준을 고려한 구강보건교육과 정책안이 요구되었다.

한국 중년기 남녀의 건강상태 및 건강 관리 행동 : 성별, 연령집단별 차이를 중심으로 Focused on Gender and Age-group Differences

한경혜,이정화,Ryff. C.,Marks. N.,옥선화,차승은 대한가정학회 2003 Human Ecology Research(HER) Vol.41 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine the health status and health behavior of middle-aged Korean men and women. Even though there has been increased concern about extremely high mortality rate of Korean middle-aged men and mental health problems of middle aged women, there is a dearth of empirical studies which examine the health status and health behavior of middle-aged men and women in Korea. This study atternpts to frll these gaps. Data gathered from 1,667 men and women aged between 30-59 are analyzed to examine the level of physical health, mental health, perceived health and health behavior and to explore the gender and age group differences in these aspects. The results show that there exist gender difference and age group difference in health status: Women are less healthy than men and as age increased health status declined. Women at their 50s are least healthy and most unhappy suggesting age and gender interaction in health status. There exist a gender difference in health behavior: Mne have regular check-ups more frequently than women and exercise more. These results are discussed in terms of the gender difference in the experiences, social roles and life styles over the life course.

농촌노인의 지각된 건강상태, 사회적 지지, 건강증진행위가 성공적 노화에 미치는 영향

정혜윤,정혜민 한국자료분석학회 2016 Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society Vol.18 No.4

The purpose of this study aimed to find the effect of perceived health status and society support and health promotion behaviors on successful aging of the elderly in rural area. The date were collected by structured questionnaires to objects who agreed with subject of this study. And 172 cases were analysis finally, the date analysis using SPSS18.0 program. The results of this study showed a 3.24 out of 5 to perceived health status, 3.46 out of 5 to social support, 2.67 out of 5 to health promoting behaviors, 3.29 out of 5 to successful aging. Successful aging was positive correlation perceived health status, social support and health promoting behaviors. Perceived health status, social support and health promoting behaviors, age were a significant predictor of successful aging of the elderly in rural area. Their explanatory power was 62.8%. To improve successful aging of the elderly in rural area should identify perceived health status, social support and health promoting behaviors. Ultimately perceived health status maintain a positive, establishment of social support system, health promoting behaviors program for elderly in rural need to be developed to practice. 본 연구는 농촌 노인의 지각된 건강상태, 사회적 지지, 건강증진행위와 성공적 노화를 확인하고, 성공적 노화에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하고자 실시하였다. 본 연구의 대상자는 전라남도에 거주하는 65세 이상 농촌 노인으로 연구의 목적을 설명하고 서면동의를 얻은 후 설문지를 배부하고 회수하였다. 총 172부를 최종분석 하였고, 수집된 자료는 SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 지각된 건강상태는 5점 만점에 2.67점, 사회적 지지는 5점 만점에 3.29점, 건강증진행위 5점 만점에 3.46점, 성공적 노화 5점 만점에 3.24점으로 나타났다. 성공적 노화는 지각된 건강상태, 사회적 지지, 건강증진행위와 정적 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 연구대상자의 성공적 노화에 영향을 미치는 요인은 지각된 건강상태, 사회적 지지, 건강증진행위, 월수입으로 나타났고 설명력은 62.8%였다. 농촌 노인의 성공적 노화를 향상하기 위해서 노인 개인의 지각된 건강상태를 긍정적으로 유지하고 사회적 지지 체계를 바탕으로 한 건강증진행위 프로그램 개발이 필요하다.

중년여성의 가족건강지키기 경험에 대한 근거이론적 접근

김정희,문현숙,강현임,신미경 지역사회간호학회 2005 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.16 No.4

Grounded Theory Apporoach to Middle-aged Women's Experience in Family Health Care Purpose: The purpose oh this study is to survey health requirements of middle-aged women and their families and to provide guidelines for developing nursing interventions by describing the process of family health maintenance experienced by middle-aged women and its conceptual system. Method: To get saturated data, each of four of researchers conducted two or three times of in-depth interview with eight middle-aged women aged between 40-64 years old and living in Seoul and Chuncheon from the 10th to the 30th of October 2004 and each interview was continued one or two hours. The Grounded theory adopted by Strauss 7 Corbin (1998) is a substantive theory that can explain the experiencing process of middle-aged women. Method: We found that the casual condition of family health maintaining by middle-aged women was "confidence of health belief", and "pouring by body moving" was found to be its phenomenon. a textual condition that might respond to the phenomenon was "fatal roles acceptance", and intervening conditions that promote their family health were "retracing" and "gathering health information". These intervening condition impacted middle-aged women's confidence in family health and led them to take actions interactions such as "being a model of health", "adapting to circumstances", "do-it-myself", "taking-care" "harmonious mind" and "the pursuit of cleanness". These action/interactions produced results such as "being stronger", "being unmanageable" and "being fruitful". Conclusion: Health confidence and practical health behaviors were observed in the process that the middle-aged female participants experienced unmanageable circumstances but they accepted their roles and responsibilities and recognized that they must be get stronger. The behaviors of health-together-with were divided into enthusiastic type, adaptation type and self-sacrificing type. Therefore middle-aged women with the understanding of family health maintaining process as well as the theoretical system and practical principle needs to implement the intervention in acceptable level of family health process of preventing psychological and physical problems. Key words : Family, Health, Middle-aged Women