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박진희 한국역사연구회 2003 역사와 현실 Vol.- No.50
In this article, how Korea, U.S, and Japan during the 1960s viewed and accepted the so-called Regional Integration Strategy is examined. Primary objective of this research is to determine the nature and characteristics of the Korea-Japan treaty which was a distinct result of that strategy. How those 3 countries participated in the realization of such strategy, and what roles they were asked to play in the game, are examined here as well. The Regional Integration Strategy of the 1960s was designed to reinforce the bonding among anti-Communist states through economical support and development. Basically, it was dictating the roles that should be respectively played by Korea and Japan, and the result of such dictations was the signing of the Korea-Japan treaty. So the treaty itself not only meant the reopening of diplomatic relationship between those two countries, but also a distinct joining of anti-Communist policies and Economics-driven ideologies throughout the North-Eastern Asian community. In other words, it meant the formation of a new international hierarchy structure in terms of politics, economy and military issues in this region. The U.S. signed mutual defence pacts respectively with Korea and Japan which would benefit the situation in political and military terms, and encouraged Japan to re-arm itself by emphasizing the importance of its role. The newly established situation was going to supposedly benefit every party involved. U.S. was trying to reduce the financial pressure it had to endure in supporting the Korean economy, and the Park Jeong Hi regime of Korea wanted to ensure economical developments in order to stabilize its still shaky political image. And the Japanese capitalism was trying to seize the opportunity to enter the Korean market for their own profits. The economical cooperation between Korea and Japan, and the events happened during (and inside) the Vietnam war were sample cases of this partnership. And in the process Anti-Communist alliance was strengthened throughout the North-Eastern Asian countries. Yet while Korea provided labor workforce at a reasonable price, and Japan provided capital, equipments and technology, Korean economy's subordination to the Japanese economy was reinforced. Reviewing the Korea-Japan treaty, we can see it was not based upon remorse or regret over the past history. And a desirable new future course which should have been pursued and enjoyed by everyone, was not an item that could be produced by the treaty. The treaty was based upon a Cold war sentimentality and economical pragmatism. This kind of treaty was not what the Koreans intended or wanted.
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