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Nickel-cobalt oxide/activated carbon composite electrodes for electrochemical capacitors
Sook-Keng Chang,Zulkarnain Zainal,Kar-Ban Tan,Nor Azah Yusof,Wan Mohamad Daud Wan Yusoff,S.R.S. Prabaharan 한국물리학회 2012 Current Applied Physics Vol.12 No.6
Nanostructured synthesis of nickelecobalt oxide/activated carbon composite by adapting a coprecipitation protocol was revealed by transmission electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that nickelecobalt oxide spinel phase was maintained in the pure and composite phases. Cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic chargeedischarge tests and ac impedance spectroscopy were employed to elucidate the electrochemical properties of the composite electrodes in 1.0 M KCl. The specific capacitance which was the sum of double-layer capacitance of the activated carbon and pseudocapacitance of the metal oxide increased with the composition of nickelecobalt oxide before showing a decrement for heavily-loaded electrodes. Utilisation of nickelecobalt oxide component in the composite with 50 wt. % loading displayed a capacitance value of ~59 F g-1. The prepared composite electrodes exhibited good electrochemical stability. Nanostructured synthesis of nickelecobalt oxide/activated carbon composite by adapting a coprecipitation protocol was revealed by transmission electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that nickelecobalt oxide spinel phase was maintained in the pure and composite phases. Cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic chargeedischarge tests and ac impedance spectroscopy were employed to elucidate the electrochemical properties of the composite electrodes in 1.0 M KCl. The specific capacitance which was the sum of double-layer capacitance of the activated carbon and pseudocapacitance of the metal oxide increased with the composition of nickelecobalt oxide before showing a decrement for heavily-loaded electrodes. Utilisation of nickelecobalt oxide component in the composite with 50 wt. % loading displayed a capacitance value of ~59 F g-1. The prepared composite electrodes exhibited good electrochemical stability.
Nano-Encapsulated n-Nonadecane Using Vinyl Copolymer Shell for Thermal Energy Storage Medium
Tumirah Khadiran,Mohd Zobir Hussein,Zulkarnain Zainal,Rafeadah Rusli 한국고분자학회 2015 Macromolecular Research Vol.23 No.7
This study is focused on the preparation and characterisation of n-nonadecane-vinyl copolymer shell nanocapsules for thermal energy storage medium. The n-nonadecane nanocapsules were prepared by a one-step miniemulsion in situ polymerisation method. n-Nonadecane was used as a core while styrene (St) and methylmethacrylate (MMA) was used as a vinyl copolymer shell. The Fourier transform infrared results confirmed that n-nonadecane nanocapsules were successfully synthesised. Morphological characteristic analysis indicates that these nnonadecane nanocapsules that were prepared using St/MMA (4:1) have a spherical shape and a narrow particle size distribution, with an average diameter of 160±11 nm. The maximum encapsulation ratio for n-nonadecane nanocapsules is 45.8 wt%. The DSC result of pure n-nonadecane and n-nonadecane nanocapsules exhibits two different peaks, which are related to their carbon numbers. The temperature and latent heat of melting and freezing of the n-nonadecane nanocapsules were determined to be 33.1 oC, 76.9 J/g and 30.2 oC, 82.0 J/g, respectively. Moreover, n-nonadecane nanocapsules exhibit good thermal and chemical stability, even after 1000 cycles of a thermal cycling test. Based on all of the results, it can be concluded that the n-nonadecane nanocapsules exhibit better energy storage and have good potential for buildings, textiles or other applications.