Effect of Lambda Cyhalothrin (Pyrethroid) and Monocrotophos (Organophosphate) on Cholinesterase Activity in Liver, Kidney and Brain of Rana cyanophlyctis

Khan, M.Zaheer,Zaheer, Maria,Fatima, Farina The Korean Society for Integrative Biology 2003 Korean journal of biological sciences Vol.7 No.2

The present studies investigate the induced effects of two pesticides lambda cyhalothrin (pyrethroid) and monocrotophos (organophosphate) on Rana cyanophlyctis (common skittering frog). Two different concentrations i.e. 0.1 and 1% were used and cholinesterase activity was observed in liver, kidney and brain of these frogs. It was decreased upto 34.6 and 46.3% in liver, 25.08 and 57.1% in kidney and 31.64 and 50.7% in brain under the effect of lambda cyhalothrin. In the case of monocrotophos treatment, cholinesterase decreased upto 37.7 and 57.7% in liver,57.5 and 67.5% in kidney and 47.6 and 65.9% in brain, respectively.

Aerodynamic behaviour of double hinged articulated loading platforms

Zaheer, Mohd Moonis,Hasan, Syed Danish,Islam, Nazrul,Aslam, Moazzam Techno-Press 2021 Ocean systems engineering Vol.11 No.1

Articulated loading platforms (ALPs) belongs to a class of offshore structures known as compliant. ALP motions have time periods falling in the wind excitation frequency range due to their compliant behaviour. This paper deals with the dynamic behavior of a double hinged ALP subjected to low-frequency wind forces with random waves. Nonlinear effects due to variable submergence, fluctuating buoyancy, variable added mass, and hydrodynamic forces are considered in the analysis. The random sea state is characterized by the Pierson-Moskowitz (P-M) spectrum. The wave forces on the submerged elements of the platform's shaft are calculated using Morison's Equation with Airy's linear wave theory ignoring diffraction effects. The fluctuating wind load has been estimated using Ochi and Shin wind velocity spectrum for offshore structures. The nonlinear dynamic equation of motion is solved in the time domain by the Wilson-θ method. The wind-structure interactions, along with the effect of various other parameters on the platform response, are investigated. The effect of offset of aerodynamic center (A.C.) with the center of gravity (C.G.) of platform superstructure has also been investigated. The outcome of the analyses indicates that low-frequency wind forces affect the response of ALP to a large extent, which otherwise is not enhanced in the presence of only waves. The mean wind modifies the mean position of the platform surge response to the positive side, causing an offset. Various power spectral densities (PSDs) under high and moderate sea states show that apart from the significant peak occurring at the two natural frequencies, other prominent peaks also appear at very low frequencies showing the influence of wind on the response.

Effect of Root Pruning on Fruit Quality at Harvest and during Storage for Six Apple Cutivars Growing under Ultra High Density Planting System

Zaheer Ullah Khan,David L. McNeil,Abdul Samad,Sung Do Oh(오성도) 한국원예학회 2002 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.43 No.1

Comparison of Short Versus Long Esophageal Myotomy in Cases With Idiopathic Achalasia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

( Zaheer Nabi ),( Mohan Ramchandani ),( Mahiboob Sayyed ),( Radhika Chavan ),( Santosh Darisetty ),( Rajesh Goud ),( H V V Murthy ),( D Nageshwar Reddy ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2021 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.27 No.1

Background/Aims Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is an established treatment for achalasia. The technique of POEM is still evolving and the impact of length of esophageal myotomy on the outcomes of POEM is not known. In this study, we aim to compare the outcomes of short (3 cm) versus long (6 cm and above) esophageal myotomy in patients undergoing POEM for achalasia cardia. Methods Consecutive patients with idiopathic achalasia (type I and II) were randomized to receive short (3 cm) or long esophageal myotomy (≥ 6 cm). Both groups were compared for clinical success, operative time, adverse events, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Results Seventy-one consecutive patients with type I and II achalasia underwent POEM with short (n = 34) or long (n = 37) esophageal myotomy techniques. Mean length of esophageal myotomy in short and long groups was 2.76 ± 0.41 and 7.97 ± 2.40, respectively (P < 0.001). Mean operative time was significantly shorter in short myotomy group (44.03 ± 13.78 minutes and 72.43 ± 27.28 minutes, P < 0.001). Clinical success was comparable in both arms at 1-year (Eckardt score 0.935 ± 0.929 vs 0.818 ± 0.983, P = 0.627). Improvement in objective parameters including integrated relaxation pressure and barium column height at 5 minutes was similar in both groups. GERD was detected in 50.88% patients with no significant difference in short and long myotomy groups (44.44% vs 56.67%, P = 0.431). Conclusions A short esophageal myotomy is non-inferior to long myotomy with regards to clinical success, adverse events, and GERD in cases with type I and II achalasia. Reduced operating duration favors short esophageal myotomy in these patients. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021;27:63-70)

Endoscopic management of Zenker’s diverticulum

Zaheer Nabi,Duvuur Nageshwar Reddy 소화기인터벤션의학회 2020 Gastrointestinal Intervention Vol.9 No.2

Zenker’s diverticulum (ZD) is a rare condition that predominantly effects elderly population. Dysphagia and regurgitation are the common presenting symptoms in patients with ZD. Flexible endoscopic diverticulotomy (FED) of the cricopharyngeal septum is the mainstay of management in symptomatic ZD. The outcomes of FED compare favorably to open surgical and trans-oral rigid endoscopic treatment methods. Moreover, FED is associated with relatively fewer morbidities as compared to surgery. Bleeding and micro-perforation are the most commonly reported immediate adverse events. Majority of the adverse events are mild and severe adverse events are rare with FED. Recurrence of symptoms remain the most important long-term concern after FED. Nevertheless, majority of the recurrences respond to a repeat session of endoscopic treatment. Lately, new electrosurgical knives and novel endoscopic techniques of cricopharyngeal myotomy have been evaluated for the treatment of ZD. Novel techniques include double incision with snare resection and submucosal tunneling endoscopic septum division. The proposed advantage with these techniques is possible reduced incidence of recurrences after endoscopic treatment. Randomized comparison studies are required between new and conventional flexible endoscopic techniques. In addition, standardized reporting of clinical success, and adverse events is required in future studies.

Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy in Children with Achalasia Cardia

( Zaheer Nabi ),( Mohan Ramchandani ),( D Nageshwar Reddy ),( Santosh Darisetty ),( Rama Kotla ),( Rakesh Kalapala ),( Radhika Chavan ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2016 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.22 No.4

Background/Aims Achalasia cardia (AC) is a motility disorder, characterized by impaired lower esophageal sphincter relaxation and absence of esophageal peristalsis. AC is rare in children with unclear optimum management strategies. Per oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a novel technique for management of achalasia with encouraging results in adult patients. The efficacy and safety of POEM is not known for pediatric AC. The aim of our study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of POEM in children with achalasia cardia Methods The data of all children (< 18 years) who underwent POEM at our center was retrospectively analysed. Symptoms were analysed using a validated score (Eckardt score) at regular predefined intervals. Objective parameters including high-resolution manometry, timed barium swallow and esophagogastroduodenoscopy were assessed before the procedure and at 1-year follow-up. Clinical success was defined as an Eckardt score ≤ 3. Results A total of 15 children underwent POEM during the specified period. Ten out of 15 (10/15) completed 1-year follow-up. Median operative time was 100 (38-240) minutes. Mean pre and post procedure LES pressure were 36.64 ± 11.08 mmHg and 15.65 ± 5.73 mmHg, respectively (P = 0.001). Mean Eckardt score before and after the POEM was 7.32 ± 1.42 and 1.74 ± 0.67, respectively (P = 0.001). Mean percentage improvement in barium emptying at 5 minutes was 63.70 ± 4.46%. All children had complete resolution of symptoms at 1 year. Median weight gain of children at 1 year was 0.65 kg (range, 0.0-4.6). Conclusions POEM is safe and effective for children and adolescents with achalasia. Future trials with larger sample size are warranted to establish its efficacy in pediatric AC.

Effect of diameter of MWCNT reinforcements on the mechanical properties of cement composites

Zaheer, Mohd Moonis,Jafri, Mohd Shamsuddin,Sharma, Ravi Techno-Press 2019 Advances in concrete construction Vol.8 No.3

Application of nanotechnology can be used to tailor made cementitious composites owing to small dimension and physical behaviour of resulting hydration products. Because of high aspect ratio and extremely high strength, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are perfect reinforcing materials. Hence, there is a great prospect to use CNTs in developing new generation cementitious materials. In the present paper, a parametric study has been conducted on cementitious composites reinforced by two types of multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) designated as Type I CNT (10-20 nm outer dia.) and Type II CNT (30-50 nm outer dia.) with various concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.5% by weight of cement. To evaluate important properties such as flexural strength, strain to failure, elastic modulus and modulus of toughness of the CNT admixed specimens at different curing periods, flexural bending tests were performed. Results show that composites with Type II CNTs gave more strength as compared to Type I CNTs. The highest increase in strength (flexural and compressive) is of the order of 22% and 33%, respectively, compared to control samples. Modulus of toughness at 28 days showed highest improvement of 265% for Type II 0.3% CNT composites. It is obvious that an optimum percentage of CNT could exists for composites to achieve suitable reinforcement behaviour and desired strength properties. Based on the parametric study, a tentative optimum CNT concentration (0.3% by weight of cement) has been proposed. Scanning electron microscope image shows perfect crack bridging mechanism; several of the CNTs were shown to act as crack arrestors across fine cracks along with some CNTs breakage.

Aerodynamic response of articulated towers: state-of-the-art

Zaheer, M. Moonis,Islam, Nazrul Techno-Press 2008 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.11 No.2

Wind and wave loadings have a predominant role in the design of offshore structures in general, and articulated tower in particular for a successful service and survival during normal and extreme environmental conditions. Such towers are very sensitive to the dynamic effects of wind and wind generated waves. The exposed superstructure is subjected to aerodynamic loads while the submerged substructure is subjected to hydrodynamic loads. Articulated towers are designed such that their fundamental frequency is well below the wave frequency to avoid dynamic amplification. Dynamic interaction of these towers with environmental loads (wind, waves and currents) acts to impart a lesser overall shear and overturning moment due to compliance to such forces. This compliancy introduces geometric nonlinearity due to large displacements, which becomes an important consideration in the analysis of articulated towers. Prediction of the nonlinear behaviour of these towers in the harsh ocean environment is difficult. However, simplified realistic mathematical models are employed to gain an important insight into the problem and to explore the dynamic behaviour. In this paper, various modeling approaches and solution methods for articulated towers adopted by past researchers are reviewed. Besides, reliability of articulation system, the paper also discussed the design, installation and performance of articulated towers around the world oceans.

Interdisciplinary Approaches to Strengthening Flood Resilience: Integrating Machine Learning with Hydrology, Engineering, and Social Sciences

( Zaheer Abbas ),( Seunghwan Myeong ) 한국행정학회 2024 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2024 No.-

Floods are highly destructive natural disasters with significant implications for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). lhis study focuses on developing flood forecast and prediction models to contribute to SDGs, specifically regarding risk reduction, policy formulation, minimizing loss of life, and mitigating property damage. The research primarily concentrates on predicting and forecasting the Chenab River's annual discharge, precipitation, and temperature data over (1950-2022) years. The Levenberg Marquardt algorithm (LM), a highly effective neural network training technique, is employed to capture the nonlinear relationships in the data. The model's performance is evaluated using the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Coefficient of determination (R'), Mean Average Error (MAE), Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency coefficient, and Kling-Gupta efficiency, which measures its resilience. The model's training, validation, and testing phases yield a best-fit regression with R-values of 0.98, 0.86, and 0.98, R' values of 93.76, 90.37, and 93.96, MSE of 24.61, 34.43, and 10.45, NSE values of 0.96,0.94, and 0.95, and KGE values of 0.87.0.97, and 0.94, respectively, indicating a strong correlation between input and output values. These parameters serve as indicators for the effectiveness of flood mitigation measures. The proposed mitigation strategies demonstrate strong connections to sustainability's social, economic, and environmental dimensions, thereby minimizing the adverse effects of floods on achieving SDGs. Moreover, recommendations for flood prevention and adaptable practices are provided, aiming to mitigate the detrimental impact of floods on food security.

Quantification of Esophageal Angulation in Sigmoid Achalasia: Are We There Yet?

( Zaheer Nabi ),( D Nageshwar Reddy ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2020 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.26 No.4