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Genome-wide Association Study for Leaf Morphological Traits in Pear (Pyrus spp.)
Yunju Hwang,Sewon Oh,Yumi Kim,Do Yeong Kim,Daeil Kim 한국원예학회 2021 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2021 No.10
Leaves are the place for photosynthesis and leaf shape affects plant growth. Therefore, searching for the gene underlying leaf development is important to increase the photosynthetic efficiency of crops. Genome-wide association study (GWAS), which is a method for detecting genes based on the association between genome-wide markers and phenotypes. A total of 202 pear cultivars were used for GWAS analysis. Eight leaf morphological traits were measured (Leaf length, Leaf width, Length-width ratio, Widest location, Petiole length, Apex, Margin, Base). Pyrus bretschneideri ‘DangshanSuli’ Genome Assembly v1.1 was used as the reference genome. After filtering, 46,961 SNPs were used for analysis. The GWAS was performed through the Genomic Association and Prediction Integrated Tool (GAPIT) package version 3 with general linear model (GLM) in R. We detected SNPs related to margin located on three chromosomal regions which are chromosomes 2, 3, and 14. One of the SNPs in chromosome 3, S3_8191731, is related to a gene that functions as structural constituent of ribosome. Its function may affect formation of margin in pear leaves. Significant SNPs identified in this study could be used as basic data for research about morphological traits of pear leaves.
Analysis of the Sleep Mode in the IEEE802.16e WMAN
Yunju Park,Gang Uk Hwang 한국산업응용수학회 2006 한국산업응용수학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1 No.1
In this study, we consider the sleep mode operation in IEEE802.16e Wireless Metropolitan Access Network (WMAN) for the power saving of Mobile Station (MS). An MS begins the sleep mode at pre-negotiated time. In the sleep mode, it wakes temporary to check whether there is the traffic for it or not. If there is a traffic addressed to the MS, it begins the wake mode. Otherwise, it goes back to the sleep mode with the sleep interval which has twice the length of the previous one. To analysis this sleep mode operation, we consider the M/GI/1/K queuing system with multiple vacations, exhaustive service and setup time. The turnoff percentage is derived to measure the power saving of an MS. Furthermore, we obtain the distribution function of a busy period and blocking probability.
EFFECTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT SCHEMES FOR THE SLEEP MODE IN IEEE802.16E WMAN
Yunju Park,Gang Uk Hwang 한국산업응용수학회 2007 한국산업응용수학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.3 No.2
In this study, we propose three power management schemes based on the sleep-mode operation in IEEE802.16e, - the threshold scheme, the modified threshold scheme and the timeout scheme. For the analysis of three power management schemes, we use the discrete time queueing system and derive the power consumption per unit time and the blocking probability as performance measures. Also, we compare three schemes with each other from the power management point of view.