초등과학영재들의 창의성 유형 분석 : Creativity Styles of Elementary Science Gifted Students

박신규,정원우,박영관,홍순천,박경미,김중욱 韓國英才學會 2011 영재교육연구 Vol.21 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 TTCT 도형 검사를 통해 초등과학영재들의 창의성 유형(style)을 알아보는 것이다. 이를 위해 영재학생 206명을 대상으로 TTCT도형 검사를 실시하였으며 Kim (2006)의 이론에 의해 창의성의 2가지 유형이 나타나는지 알아보기 위해 요인분석을 실시하였다. 이를 바탕으로 지역별, 학년별, 성별에 따른 창의성 유형 비율과 창의성 유형별 성에 따른 창의성 수준 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다. 연구 결과 TTCT 도형 검사는 창의성 수준(level)뿐만 아니 라 창의성 유형 즉 적응적 유형과 혁신적 유형의 2가지로 분류할 수 있었다. 창의성 유형 비 율을 보면 지역별, 학년별, 성별에 관계없이 적응적 유형이 혁신적 유형보다 많았다. 지역별 의 경우 대도시일수록 적응적 유형이 많고 읍면지역일수록 혁신적 유형이 많았으며 학년일 경우 6학년은 적응적 유형이 많았고 5학년은 혁신적 유형이 많았다. 성별일 경우 여학생은 적응적 유형이 남학생은 혁신적 유형이 많았다. 적응적 유형일 경우 여학생이 남학생보다 유 의미하게 높았으며 혁신적 유형일 경우 유의미하지 않았지만 여학생이 남학생보다 높게 나타 나 여학생이 남학생보다 창의성 수준이 높게 나타났다. 창의성 유형 분석을 통해 개인의 강 점과 제한점을 알고 참여도를 높일 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study is to examine creativity styles of elementary science gifted students through the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT). For this study, the TTCT-Figural Form A was used, with data form 206 elementary science gifted students, which included 56 urban students, 115 suburban students, and 35 rural students. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to examine a two-factor model of creativity styles based on Kim’s (2006). Level of creativity was analyzed on the basis of the creativity styles and the numbers of creativity styles were analyzed according to region, grade, and gender. The results are as follows: Factor innovative was loaded by fluency and originality; factor adaptive loaded by elaboration, abstractness of titles, and creative strength; and both factor innovative and factor adaptive loaded by resistance to premature closure. The percentage of adaptive styles is higher than the innovative styles. Urban had more adaptors than rural. There were more adaptors in 6th grade than 5th grade. Gifted female adaptors had significantly higher creative potential than gifted male adaptors and gifted female innovators also showed higher creative potential than gifted male innovators. Creativity styles can give more information about individuals' strengths and weakness so that do an important role in understanding characteristics of gifted students.

Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Transparent Shielding of Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) Interleaved Structure Fabricated by Electrophoretic Deposition

Kim, Sanghoon,Oh, Joon-Suk,Kim, Myeong-Gi,Jang, Woojin,Wang, Mei,Kim, Youngjun,Seo, Hee Won,Kim, Ye Chan,Lee, Jun-Ho,Lee, Youngkwan,Nam, Jae-Do American Chemical Society 2014 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.6 No.20

<P>Here we introduce the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE) of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets interleaved between polyetherimide (PEI) films fabricated by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Incorporating only 0.66 vol % of RGO, the developed PEI/RGO composite films exhibited an electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) at 6.37 dB corresponding to ∼50% shielding of incident waves. Excellent flexibility and optical transparency up to 62% of visible light was demonstrated. It was achieved by placing the RGO sheets in the localized area as a thin film (ca. 20 nm in thickness) between the PEI films (ca. 2 μm) to be an interleaved and alternating structure. This unique interleaved structure without any delamination areas was fabricated by a successive application of cathodic and anodic EPD of both RGO and PEI layers. The EPD fabrication process was ensured by an alternating deposition of the quarternized-PEI drops and RGO, each taking positive and negative charges, respectively, in the water medium. We believe that the developed facile fabrication method of RGO interleaved structure with such low volume fraction has great potential to be used as a transparent EMI shielding material.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2014/aamick.2014.6.issue-20/am503893v/production/images/medium/am-2014-03893v_0009.gif'></P>

Mechanical versus Bioprosthetic Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients Aged 50 to 70 Years

Youngkwan Song,Ki Tae Kim,Soo Jin Park,Hong Rae Kim,Jae Suk Yoo,Pil Je Kang,Sung-Ho Jung,Cheol Hyun Chung,Joon Bum Kim,Ho Jin Kim The Korean Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular 2024 Journal of Chest Surgery (J Chest Surg) Vol.57 No.3

Background: This study compared the outcomes of surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) in patients aged 50 to 70 years based on the type of prosthetic valve used. Methods: We compared patients who underwent mechanical AVR to those who underwent bioprosthetic AVR at our institution between January 2000 and March 2019. Competing risk analysis and the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method based on propensity score were employed for comparisons. Results: A total of 1,580 patients (984 patients with mechanical AVR; 596 patients with bioprosthetic AVR) were enrolled. There was no significant difference in early mortality between the mechanical AVR and bioprosthetic AVR groups (0.9% vs. 1.7%, p=0.177). After IPTW adjustment, the risk of all-cause mortality was significantly higher in the bioprosthetic AVR group than in the mechanical AVR group (hazard ratio [HR], 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.80; p=0.014). Competing risk analysis revealed lower risks of stroke (sub-distributional hazard ratio [sHR], 0.44; 95% CI, 0.28-0.67; p<0.001) and anticoagulation-related bleeding (sHR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.23-0.53; p<0.001) in the bioprosthetic AVR group. Conversely, the risk of aortic valve (AV) reintervention was higher in the bioprosthetic AVR group (sHR, 6.14; 95% CI, 3.17-11.93; p<0.001). Conclusion: Among patients aged 50 to 70 years who underwent surgical AVR, those receiving mechanical valves showed better survival than those with bioprosthetic valves. The mechanical AVR group exhibited a higher risk of stroke and anticoagulation-related bleeding, while the bioprosthetic AVR group showed a higher risk of AV reintervention.

Synthesis of CZTS Nanoparticles for Low-Cost Solar Cells

Kim, Donguk,Kim, Minha,Shim, Joongpyo,Kim, Doyoung,Choi, Wonseok,Park, Yong Seob,Choi, Youngkwan,Lee, Jaehyeong American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.16 No.5

<P>In this work, uniformly sized Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) nanoparticles with easy control of chemical composition were synthesized and printable ink containing CZTS nanoparticles was prepared for low-cost solar cell applications. In addition, we studied the effects of synthesis conditions, such as reaction temperature and time, on properties of the CZTS nanoparticles. For CZTS nanoparticles synthesis process, the reactants were mixed as the 2:1:1:4 molar ratios. The reaction temperature and time was varied from 220 degrees C to 320 degrees C and from 3 hours to 5 hours, respectively. The crystal structure and morphology of CZTS nanoparticles prepared under the various conditions were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used for compositional analysis of the CZTS nanoparticles.</P>

Optimization of CdS Buffer Layer for High Efficiency CIGS Solar Cells

Kim, Donguk,Jang, Yong-Jun,Jung, Ho-Sung,Kim, Minha,Baek, Dohyun,Yi, Junsin,Lee, Jaehyeong,Choi, Youngkwan American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.16 No.5

<P>In present work, effects of the thickness on the structural and optical properties of chemically deposited CdS thin films were investigated. In addition, we fabricated Cu(In, Ga)Se-2 solar cells with various thicknesses of CdS buffer layer and optimized the thickness for a high efficiency. When the CdS thin films were thicker, the crystallinity improved but the transmittance decreased. The short-circuit current density (J(sc)) and the fill factor are the major efficiency limiting factors for the CIGS solar cells. As the thickness of the CdS buffer layer, the open-circuit voltage (V-oc) and the fill factor increased, whereas the J(sc) slightly decreased. The improvement of the fill factor and thus efficiency resulted from larger shunt resistance. For the solar cells without a high resistive intrinsic ZnO layer, the highest efficiency was acquired at the thickness of 89 nm. With further increasing the thickness, the Jsc decreased significantly, resulting in poor efficiency.</P>

Changes in T Cells and Cytokine mRNA after Treatment of rIL-18 and rIL-32α,β in the pig-to-mouse Kidney Cellular Xenotransplantation Model

KIM, YoungKwan,LEE, KwangSu,KIM, EumMi,SHIM, JungHyun,KANG, HyungSik,YOUN, DoYoung,MYUNG, PyungKeun 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2007 논문집 Vol. No.10

ErbB3 binding protein 1 contributes to adult hippocampal neurogenesis by modulating Bmp4 and Ascl1 signaling

Youngkwan Kim,Hyo Rim Ko,Inwoo Hwang,안지인 생화학분자생물학회 2024 BMB Reports Vol.57 No.4

Neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult hippocampus divide infrequently;the endogenous molecules modulating adult hippocampalneurogenesis (AHN) remain largely unknown. Here,we show that ErbB3 binding protein 1 (Ebp1), which plays importantroles in embryonic neurodevelopment, acts as an essentialmodulator of adult neurogenic factors. In vivo analysisof Ebp1 neuron depletion mice showed impaired AHN with alow number of hippocampal NSCs and neuroblasts. Ebp1 leadsto transcriptional repression of Bmp4 and suppression of Ascl1promoter methylation in the dentate gyrus of the adult hippocampusreflecting an unusually high level of Bmp4 and lowAscl1 level in neurons of Ebp1-deficient mice. Therefore, ourfindings suggests that Ebp1 could act as an endogenous modulatorof the interplay between Bmp4 and Ascl1/Notch signaling,contributing to AHN.

Regulation of IL-18 by CRH in mouse microglial cells

Pyungkeun Myung,Youngkwan Kim,Yunsil Choi,Yoolhee Yang,Eunsil Hahm,Youngin Kim,Jaeseung Kang,Wangjae Lee,Innoc Han,Daeho Cho,Hyunjeong Park,Hyungsik Kang 대한약학회 2004 大韓藥學會 總會 및 學術大會 Vol.2004 No.2

문헌 기록으로 본 마한의 대외교류와 익산

김영관(Youngkwan Kim) 원광대학교 마한백제문화연구소 2023 馬韓, 百濟文化 Vol.41 No.-

마한이 교류한 세력은 지리적으로 인접한 三韓 내부의 辰韓과 弁韓이 있었고, 바다 건너의 洲胡와 倭도 있었다. 중국과는 後漢과 曹魏, 西晉 조정과도 직접 교류하면서, 樂浪郡, 帶方郡 등과도 교류했다. 그리고 조위와 서진의 동부도위와도 교류했다. 교류는 사신 파견이라던가 朝貢, 전쟁 등의 형식으로 이루어졌고, 물자의 공적, 사적 교류를 동반하였다. 마한 諸國은 맹주국인 目支國을 중심으로 대외교류를 추구하기도 했지만, 小國들도 개별적으로 대외교류를 추진했다. 서진과 교류한 마한은 馬韓聯盟體를 대표하는 百濟일 가능성이 있지만, 교류 관련 기록을 분석하면 아직 백제에 병합되지 않은 마한 소국이나 新彌國과 같은 세력이 교류의 주체였을 가능도 충분하다. 특정 세력이나 맹주국 중심의 교류만이 아니라 개별적인 교류도 있었다. 익산지역에 자리 잡은 마한 소국 역시 주변 소국들과 교류에 나섰고, 마한연맹체가 형성된 이후에는 마한 전체를 대표하는 맹주국이나 지역을 대표하는 세력으로 대외교류에 참여했을 것이다. 이런 교류는 익산지역이 백제에 완전히 병합되는 4세기 전반기까지 계속되었을 것이다. The Mahan Confederacy pursued external relations centered around the powerful state of Mokji, but smaller states also pursued individual external relations. Therefore, Mahan, which interacted with West Jin, may have been Baekje representing the Mahan Confederacy. However, it is also possible that forces such as Mahan small states or the Shinmi state, which have not yet been merged into Baekje, were the main agents of the relations. The Mahan confederacy had interacted with neighboring states within the Three Han Primitive States(Samhan) region such as the Jinhan and Byeonhan, as well as with neighboring states across the sea such as Juho and Wa(Japan). They also had direct interactions with China such as the Later Han(25-220 CE), Cao Wei(220-266 CE), and Western Jin(265-316 CE) dynasties, and had relations with Lolang and Daifang counties. These interactions took various forms, such as sending envoys, tribute, or engaging in warfare, including official and unofficial goods exchanges. The Mahan smaller states, which were located in the Iksan area, also engaged in an exchange with surrounding small states. After the formation of the Mahan Confederacy, it would have participated in foreign exchanges as a powerful country representing the entire Mahan or as a regional power. Such exchanges would have continued until the early 4th century when the Iksan area was fully integrated into Baekje.

웅진시대 백제의 한강유역 영유권 연구-문헌과 고고학 자료의 재검토를 통한 이해 서설-

김영관 ( Youngkwan Kim ) 공주대학교 백제문화연구소 2015 백제문화 Vol.1 No.52

웅진시대 한강유역의 영유권에 대해서는 문헌과 고고학 자료를 이용해 많은 연구가 이루어졌다. 그러나 많은 연구에도 불구하고 『삼국사기』 백제본기와 지리지 간의 괴리를 극복하지 못하고 있다. 이를 극복하기 위해 지명이동설과 사료조작설 등이 대두되었지만, 원사료에 대한 자의적인 선택과 이용이라는 점에서 비판을 면하기 어렵다. 그리고 백제와 고구려 군현조의 기록이 어느 때의 영역인지 가려내야 한다. 웅진시대 백제와 고구려의 영역을 기준으로 한 것이라는 근거를 찾든지, 사비시대 말기를 기준으로 한 것인지, 아니면 시차 구분 없이 뒤섞여진 자료인지 등등의 문제에 대한 연구를 통해 합리적인 해결이 필요하다. 한강 이남의 고구려 또는 고구려계 유적의 편년과 유물의 국적에 대해서도 재고해야 한다. 고구려의 남진에 대해서도 다면적인 이해가 필요하다. 한강 이남 경기 남부지역에서 발굴된 고구려 고분과 출토 유물들만으로 웅진시대 고구려가 한강유역을 장기적으로 점유했고 지배했다는 근거로 내세우기에는 어렵다. 지금까지 알려진 고구려 유적과 유물만으로 고구려가 한강유역을 장기적으로 지배했다고 보는 것은 무리이다. 마찬가지로 웅진시대 백제의 한강유역 경영을 기록한 『삼국사기』 백제본기의 기록을 마냥 조작과 오류라고만 몰아붙일 수도 없다. 오히려 백제본기의 기록을 존중할 필요가 있다. The Han River and its surrounding area have played a central role in Korean history in particular in the Three Kingdoms Period. This paper critically explores previous scholarships on Baekje``s domination over the Han River Basin during Ungjin 熊津 Era(475~538 C.E.) and tries to present my own opinion on this issue. A lot of studies on the matter based on ancient texts and modern archaeological discoveries have been conducted. However, they cannot even explain disjunctions between in “Baekje Bongi(Annals of Baekje) 百濟本紀” and “Jiriji(Treatises of Geography) 地理志” in Samguksagi(History of the Three Kingdoms) 三國史記. To solve the problem ideas that the place name was moved or the historical records were fabricated were presented by some scholars, which are criticized as selecting and using the historical sources. In order to resolve the problem, there should be clarified if the territory mentioned in “Records of Counties and Prefectures of Baekje and Goguryo” in Samguksai is belonged to Ungjin Era or late Era of Sabi(538~660 C.E.) 泗비 or otherwise the documents are mixed in terms of time frame. There also should be reconsidered when and where the relics discovered south of the Han River 漢江, were made, Baekje or Goguryo. Southward advance of Goguryo should be viewed from various aspects. Goguryo tombs and artifacts excavated south of the Han River are weak as grounds for the idea that Goguryo ruled the Han River Basin for a long time in Ungjin Era. For the same reason, Baekje Bongi in Samguksagi, which writes Baekje ruled the Han River Basin in Ungjin Era should not be regarded as fabrications and errors but rather should be respected.