원인 없는 열로 입원한 생후 28일에서 90일 사이 영아들에 대한 임상적 고찰

류민혁,노윤일,이성훈,이선영,허남진,이동진,Rye, Min Hyuk,Noh, Yn Il,Lee, Seong Hun,Lee, Sun Young,Hur, Nam Jin,Lee, Dong Jin 대한소아감염학회 2001 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.8 No.2

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate clinical features of hospitalized infants 28~90 days of age with fever without source and to analyze those of young febrile infants using risk criteria for serious bacterial infection. Methods : The clinical features of 131 infants 28~90 days of age admitted to the Ulsan Dong-Kang General Hospital Pediatric Department because of fever(temperature ${\geq}38^{\circ}C$ rectally) without source, from January 2000 to December 2000, were investigated by retrospective chart review. The clinical features of 131 febrile infants were analyzed using Rochester criteria. Results : Among 131 cases, there were 60 cases(45.8%) of urinary tract infection, 33 cases (25.2%) of aseptic meningitis, 2 cases(1.5%) of bacteremia and 36 cases(27.5%) of no specific diagnosis. Among 131 cases, there were 57 cases(43.5%) in low risk group and 74 cases(56.5%) in not low risk one by Rochester criteria. A significant difference in the incidence of urinary tract infection, aseptic meningitis and no specific diagnosis was not found between both groups. Male to female ratio was 1.8 : 1. Sex ratio between both groups was not significantly different. Most febrile infant were noted in spring(35.1%) and the summer(36.7%). The peak incidence of aseptic meningitis was noted in May and June. The fever subsided mostly within 48~72 hours after administering antimicrobial agents(61.8~83.2%). A significant difference in duration of fever after administering antimicrobial agents was not found between both groups. Conclusion : A selected group of low risk infants 28~90 days of age with fever without source can be managed as outpatients provided that a thorough initial evaluation is performed, that parents can reliably monitor their infant closely at home and that careful follow up can be assured. Because bag collected specimens were more likely to yield indeterminate urine culture result, a suprapubic or catheter obtained urine specimen for culture is a necessary part of the evaluation of all febrile infants 28~90 days of age. The further prospective study on evaluation and management of young febrile infant should be performed in our hospital.

Static Induction Transistor(SIT), Drive signal phase shift control, Induction heating

노채균,김동희,김종해,남승식,정원영,심광열 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1997 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.25 No.1

This paper proposed a novel SIT high frequency resonant inverter having drive signal phase shift control function. Phase control type inverters using SIT can realize a power conversion at the high switching frequency with low switching loss. Especially, the high output power can be obtained by connecting the output terminal of two unit inverters in series. The stability of system using protection circuit for over current and the automatic follow-up control for load variation by using PLL are presented. This inverter produces approximately sinusoidal waveform at a high frequency, ranging from 180 Khz to 220 Khz, and is applied to the 2KW induction heating. The operating characteristics of this inverter circuit are discussed from a theoretical point of view and compared with experimental results.

로손시약과 1,8-디케톤 화합물의 이상 반응

노동윤,이하진,김영윤 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1997 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.9 No.-

The new 1,3-dithiole-2-thione compound fused with diphenyl-containing ?? was synthesized by an unusual reaction of Lawesson's reagent ?? with 1,8-diketone and identified with FT-lR, El-MS and ^l3C-NMR. The reaction of Lawesson's reagent and diketone compounds gives different results depending on the property of functional group at a-position of ketone. This method can be developed as a new synthetic method of multisulfur compound which may be utilized as a precursor of organic conductors. Compound ?? will be a good candidate for the precursor of new TTF derivatives, too.

소중합 디엔체인 1,3-dithiole-2,4,5-trithione의 Diels-Alder 형태의 [2+4] 고리화 첨가 반응에 관한 연구

노동윤,이하진,김영윤 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1997 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.8 No.-

A Diels-Alder type [2+4] cycloaddition reaction of oligomeric diene (1,3-dithiole-2,4,5-trithione : (C3S5)n) with dienophiles containing warious functional groups was studied. Extended multisulfur system was achieved via [2+4] cycloaddition of TTF(1). Quinone(4), dienophiles containing cyanyl group(5-7), triple bond(14-17) and conjugated double bonds (25,26), however, failed to form cycloadducts with (C3S5)n. the reaction of (C3S5)n with dienophiles containing electron withdrawing groups such as -Co2CH3(18), phenyl(19-24), ferrocenyl(27,28), pyridyl(29,32) group was readily achieved. In case of asymmetrical dienophiles such as 19, 27, 29 and 30, the electron withdrawing ability was more efficient than symmetric dienophiles. Dienophiles of 4-vinyl pyridine group(30,32) were more reactive than that of 2-vinyl pyridine group(29,31). This reaction also could be carried out by photoreaction as well as direct thermal reaction. Eventhaugh we observed no reaction between 6 and (C3S5)n by direct thermal method, it yielded some cycloadduct via photoreaction even in very low yield. The cycloadducts, EDT-DTT derivatives, were converted to EDT-DTO derivatives using Hg(OAc)2 in CHCI3. The EDT-DTT(O) DERIVATIVES can be good can-didates as precursors to organic electronic materials.

고도정수처리 공정에서의 천연유기물질 특성변화 및 소독부산물 전구물질의 제거특성 평가

노재순,손희종,박은주,황영도,최동훈,배석문,신판세 慶星大學校 環境問題硏究所 2002 環境硏報 Vol.12 No.1

In this research the movement and apparent molecular weight distribution of hydrophilic/hydrophobic organic matters in advanced water treatment process were investigated using the raw water of Maeri area, located in downstream of Nakdong river, and the variation of the disinfection by-product formation potential was also investigated. In the raw water used in experiments, the content of BDOC (biodegradable dissolved organic carbon) in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was about 39%, and this value is far above a normal, Pre-ozone treatment showed an increase of 40% in the BDOC content, and this means that biodegradability was remarkably increased by ozone treatment BDOC concentration in BAC treated water was 0.09 mg/L, which means 84% of BDOC removal rate compared with that in post-ozone treated water. The variation of chlorine disinfection by-product formation potential in each process unit of water treatment process was analyzed. TOXFP concentration in raw water was 449 ㎍/L, and the contents of THMFP and HAAFP among TOXFP were 24% and 23%, respectively. The removabilities of these materials BAC process had an order of TOXFP > HAAFP > THMFP. BAC process was less effective for THMFP than others. The distribution of hydrophilic organic matters were evaluated in each treatment process. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic matters in the raw water had a ratio of 50 : 50, and the ozone treatment decreased the content of hydrophobic matters. The BAC treatment made the ratio 85:15. These mean that the removal of hydrophilic matters is more difficult than that of hydrophobic materials in water treatment process. In addition the portions of humic and fulvic acid in hydrophobic matters were analyzed. Fulvic acid a large portion among hydrophobic matters in the raw water, and the portion was 78%. Ozone treatment was more effective on the removal of fulvic acid than humic acid. After BAC treatment, the concentration of residual fulvic acid was high than humic acid. Chlorine disinfection by-product formation for hydrophilic and hydrophobic mattrts was compared in each process unit. in the raw water TOXFP and THMFP formation for hydrophobic matter was higher, and HAAFP was highly formated for hydrophobic matter. After post-ozone or BAC treatment, chlorine disinfection by-product formation has high potential for hydrophobic matters. Comparing humic and fulvic acids, chlorine disinfection by-product formation potential was higher for humic acid than for fulvic acid in all processes. In the comparison of the reactivity with chlorine disinfection by-product per unit DOC, THMFP and DOXFP showed higher reactivity with hydrophobic matter than with hydrophilic matter in all processes, and HAAFP was highly reacitive with hydrophilic matter. Apparent molecular weight distributions of organic matters were investigated in each process step.The content of low molecular weight organic matters less than 1000 Da in DOC was high in all processes except raw water, but molecular weight organic matters more than 1000 da was higher than molecular weight organic matters less than 1000 Da in the formation potential of chlorine disinfection by-product.

반도체소자의 고속마킹검사를 위한 vision system 개발

노영동,주효남,김주식 湖西大學校 工業技術硏究所 2005 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.24 No.-

In this paper, we propose the high speed making/surface inspection algorithm, that use adaptive automatic acquisition algorithm and real time matching algorithm of model data. The proposed automatic acquisition algorithm to obtain the adaptive model data extracts the interesting regions to fit in semiconductor characteristics, and create models of several semiconductor regardless of position and type. The proposed teal time matching algorithm uses geometrical pattern matching method to minimize effect of external environment of making/surface and only use semiconductor characteristic information. The proposed system has faster processing time than the conventional method. Also the proposed one has a good performance.

반월, 시화공단 악취물질의 안산지역 확산 연구

송동웅,송창근,김영노 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 2003 環境科學論文集 Vol.24 No.-

안산지역은 인근 반월, 시화공단에서 발생하는 악취 및 부유물질로 인한 민원이 그치지 않고 있으며 그 동안 지속적인 악취저감대책에도 불구하고 근원적 해결이 안 되고 있다. 특히, 안산지역은 구지풍인 해륙풍의 영향을 강하게 받는 연안도시로 해풍의 유입과 관련한 오염물질의 이동과 확산과정을 시뮬레이션함으로써 악취민원 발생지역의 범위 예측과 고농도 발생일의 원인규명들을 위한 과학적이고도 정확한 분석이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 반월, 시화공단에서 배출되는 악취물질이 해륙풍등의 국지순환에 의하여 이동, 확산되는 과정을 규명하기 위해 대기확산모델링을 실시하였으며 모니터링자료를 이용하여 모델의 재현성을 평가하였다. There have been persistent civil appeals in Ansan area against the odor and aerosols emitted from nearby Banwol/Sinhwa industrial complex. A fundamental solution for the good air quality has not been addressed yet in spite of the continuous counterplan to reduce odor emission. A systematic and scientific study is needed to examine the reason for the odor episode and to predict the impact coverage of odor pollution. An approach by computational simulation is considered to be adequate to investigate the transportation and the dispersion processes of air pollutants blown by sea breeze toward the coastal city, Ansan. This study has employed various dispersion models to simulate the transportation and the dispersion processes of odor pollutants by a local circulation between land/sea breeze using the data set of emission rates of odorous species from the Banwol/Sihwa industrial complex.

MX₄-형 유무기 혼성화물의 구성 성분인 TTF-아민 유도체에 대한 연구

강선영,이수경,노동윤 서울여자대학교 2010 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.22 No.-

TTF derivatives containing alkylamine moieties, which are to be used in the design of MX_(4)-type organic-inorganic hybrid, are plotted to be synthesized via a protection of amine moiety with the tert-butoxycarbonyl (Boc) group. Boc-BMTTTF and (Boc)_(2)-BMTTTF were characterized by FT-IR and (1)^H-NMR. The cyclic voltammetry of Boc-BMTTTF indicated the presence of TTF moiety in this compound and showed the same two one-electron redox cycles (E1/2^(1) = 0.590 V and E1/2^(2) = 0.866 V) as those of TTF (E_(1/21)^1 = 0.426 V, E_(1/2)^2= 0.795 V). The Boc derivatives of TTF can be used directly for the preparation of MX_(4)-type organic-inorganic hybrid after the one-step deprotection of Boc group using TsOH.

두 가지 CET-EDTTTF 동질이상 화합물의 구조 비교

권선영,노동윤 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2005 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.17 No.-

CET-EDTTTF was synthesized and crystallized (CH_(2)Cl_(2)/CH_(3)CH_(2)OH) in monoclinic system with P2(1) space group and the cell parameters: a = 5.0570(15)Å, b = 20.702(5)Å, c = 14.759(3)Å, beta = 90.30(2)°. CET-EDTTTF molecules arranged in bc-plane are stacking along the a-axis. There is no intermolecular S···S interaction shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii of sulfur atom(3.70Å). When CET-EDTTTF was reacted with AgCF_(3)SO_(3), black single crystals of (CET-EDTTTF)·(solv) were obtained after crystallization. It crystallized in triclinic system with P-1 space group and the cell parameters: a = 6.5962(14)Å, b = 9.123(2)Å, c = 15.545(3)Å, alpha = 77.491(3)°, beta = 87.646(3)°, gamma = 69.332(3)°. CET-EDTTTF molecules form dimers with head-to-tail fashion, which are stacking along b-axis. The molecular sheets formed in ab-plane are separated by the solvated molecules. The CET-EDTTTF molecules in this sheet are connected by the intermolecular S···S interactions shorter than 3.70Å.

새로운 TIF 유도체의 합성 및 특성 분석

권선영,노동윤 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2004 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.16 No.-

금속배위 화합물의 리간드로 사용하기 위하여, 시안기, 히드록시기, 포스포네이트기를 갖는 새로운 4가지 TTF 유도체, (4-(cyanoethylthio)-4', 5'-(ethylenedithio) tetrathiafulvalene (CET-EDTTTF), 4-(hydroxyethylthio)-4', 5'-(ethylenedithio) tetrathiafulvalene (HET. EDTTTF), 4-[(3'-diethoxyphosphinyl) propyl] thio-4', 5'-(ethylenedithio) tetrathiafulvalene (EPPT-EDTTTF), 4, 4'-bis(cyanoethylthio) tetrathiafulvalene (BCET-TTF)) 를 포스파이트를 이용한 짝지음 반응으로 합성하여 분석하였다. 4개의 TTF 유도체들은 [TTF] ⇔ [TTF]^(+) ⇔ [TTF]^(2+) 과정에 해당하는 두 쌍의 산화-환원 피이크가 측정되었고, 이들의 첫 번째 산화전위 (Eox¹) 는 작용기들이 전자를 당기는 능력에 따라서 히드록시 (0.704V) <모노시안 (0.777V) <디시안(0.781V) <포스포네이트 (0.792V)의 순으로 증가하였다. X-선 결정구조 분석에 의하면 trans-BCET-TTF는 삼사정계이며 P-1 결정군에 속한다. 단위세포 파라미터는 a=5.050(4) Å, b = 10.605 (4)Å, C = 15.478 (9)Å, alpha = 77.27(4)°, beta=88.63(6)°, gamma=89.63(5)˚ 이다. Four TTF derivatives containing mono- and di-cvano, hydroxyl and diethylphosphonate groups, (4-(cyanoethylthio)-4', 5'-(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (CET-EDTTTF), 4-(hvdroxyethvlthio)-4', 5'-(ethvlenedithio) tetrathiafulvalene (HET-EDTTTF), 4-[(3'-diethoxyphosphinyl)propyl] thio-4', 5'-(ethylenedithio) tetrathiafulvalene (EPIT-EDTTTF), 4, 4'-bis(cyanoethylthio) tetrathiafulvalene (BCET-TTF)) have been synthesized, by the phosphite-based coupling method, and spectroscopically characterized. They showed two pairs of redox peaks corresponding to the processes of [TTF] ⇔ [TTF]^(+) ⇔ [TTF]^(2+). The first oxidation potentials (E' ox) are differentiated depending on the electron-withdrawing ability of the functional group such as 0.777 V (CET-EDTTTF), 0.704 V (HET-EDTTTF), 0.792 V (EPIT-EDTTTF) and 0.781 V (BCET-TTF). According to X-ray structure analysis data of trans- BCET-TTF, it crystallized in triclinic system with P~1 space group and cell parameters: a = 5.050 (4) Å, b = 10.605 (4) Å, c = 15.478 (9) Å, alpha = 77.27 (4)˚, beta = 88.63 (6)˚, gamma = 89.63 (5)˚.