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      • 주파수 영역에서 다변수 제어 분석

        유삼현,이종원 중앙대학교 생산공학연구소 1998 생산공학연구소 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

        본 연구는 2개 이상의 입력과 출력으로 표현되는 다변수 시스템의 제어에 필요한 설계 요구 조건을 주파수 영역에서 분석하여 시스템에 적용하는 방법에 대하여 알아본다. 설계 요구 조건은 정상편차, 절점 주파수(cross-over frequency), 다변수에 의한 최대 및 최소 특이 값(singular value), 그리고 교란 및 잡음제거 등이며 목표 루프(target loop)는 Kalman 필터가 적용된다. 이러한 설계 요구 조건을 만족시키는 제어장치를 설계하는 주파수 영역에서의 분석은 LQG/LTR(Linear-Quadratic-Gaussian with Loop-Transfer-Recovery) 기술을 근거로 적용된다. 제어장치를 적용한 시스템의 폐루프 및 민감도 전달함수에 대한 특이 값을 주파수에 영역에서 분석하고 시간 영역에서 입력과 출력의 과도응답의 정확성과 반응속도에 대하여 알아본다. The main purpose of this study is an analysis of multi-variable control in frequency domain. This analysis is based on LQG(MBC)/LTR methodology. Target loop is designed by Kalman filter which includes the design specifications such as cross-over frequency, identification of maximum and minimum singular values, rejection of sensor noise in high frequency domain and disturbance in low frequency domain. Closed loop and sensitivity transfer function are analyzed by singular values in frequency domain and transient responses of input and output are also analyzed in time domain.

      • KCI등재SCOPUS

        양막대에 의한 제대감돈으로 인한 태아사망 1 례

        최순미(SM Choi),유용균(YK Yoo),이병석(BS Lee),이창희(CH Lee),이국(K Lee) 대한산부인과학회 1995 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.38 No.6

        The amniotic band syndrome(ABS) is the triad of amnion-denuded placnta ;fetal attachment to or entanglement by amniotic remnants ; and fetal deformation, malformation or disruption. Nearly 10% of amniotic bands include umbilical cord strangulation. Cord entanglement may occur before or after other damage to the fetus by amniotic bands and, encountered at near-term pregnancy. Because of the apparent rarity of this condition, the following case is reported. We had experinced a case of intrauterine fetal death at term caused by strangulation of umbilical cord by amniotic band and presented with a brief review of literatures.

      • KCI등재

        진통시 태아심박동 변이지수의 임상 적용

        유정옥(JO Yoo),정건숙(GS Jung),오혜숙(HS Oh),김종일(JI Kim),강신명(SM Kang) 대한산부인과학회 1983 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.26 No.7

        1980년 12월부터 1981년 2월까지 이화대학병원 산부 인과에 입원한 임산부중 위험도가 높은 임신성고혈압 또는 42 주이상의 연차임신등 52명을 대상으로하여 진통중 대아심박형과 이상지수별로 태아예후를 관찰측정하였다. 1. 진통중에 나타난 태아심박형의 상태 및 빈도는 변이하강(variable deceleration)이 제일 많았고, 그다 음이 심박상승(acceleration), 무주기변화(no periodic change), 만기하강(late deceleration) 순으로 나타내었다. 2. 하강(deceleration) 즉 만기(late), 변이 (variable) 및 연장하강(prolonged deceleration)형으로 나타날 때 에 변이지수(variability index)가 4이하로 낮은 군에 서는 태아장애의 빈도가 대단히 높았고(8o0%), 그와 반대로 변이지수가 5이상으로 증가된 경우에는 30~40%로 낮았으며, 혈액 pH 정도도 경하였다. 3. 륵히 만기하강(1ate deceleration) 심박형으로 나타났을때 만일 볏이상지수가 4이하로 감소하게 되면 모두 태아장애를 나타내었다. 그러나 연장하강(prolonged deceleration)으로 나타났을 때는 변이지수가 5이상으로 높았음에도 불구하고 모두 태아장애가 초래되었다. 4. 심박상승(acceleration)이나 무주기변화(no periodic change)형으로 나타났을 때는 변이지수의 증감에 관계없이 거의 다 양호한 태아상태를 나타내었다. 요컨데 태아심박형외에 변이지수를 보조적으로 참고 하면 태아장애의 조기발견에 도움은 문론 번거로운 태아 두지피 PH검사리 빈도를 줄일 수 있을 것이다. Accurate assessment of fetal condition during labor constitutes one of the major problems of modern obstetrics. The clinical usage of intrapartum fetal monitoring has increased dramatically in the past few years. This study was performed in an attempt to evaluate the significance of fetal heart rate pattern with variability index in intrapartum fetal surveillance. So our purpose is to decrease the frequency of fetal blood sampling for checking pH. The fetal heart rate monitoring during labor was evaluated by the fetal blood pH determination obtained from 52 patient in high risk pregnancy at the Obstetric and Gynecologic department of Ewha Womans University from December, 1980 to February, 1981. The results were as follow; l. In the incidence of fetal heart rate pattern during labor, the most frequent one was variable deceleration and the next was acceleration, no periodic change, late deceleration and prolonged deceleration. 2. When deceleration (late, variable and prolonged deceleration) pattern was appeared in association with low variability index (below 4), the incidence of Apgarscores below 6 in one minute was high (80%). In contrast, if variability index was above 5, the incidence of low Apgar scores below 6 in one minute was low (30~40%) and it was compatible with fetal blood pH findings 3. Especially, when late deceleration pattern was appeared and if variability index was below 4, a1l of the babies were in distress. But when prolonged deceleration was appeared even associated with 5 or more variability index, all of the fetus were also in distress. 4. When acceleration or lacking periodic change were appeared, almost all babies were in good condition regardless of variability index chages.

      • KCI등재SCOPUS

        만삭 전 조기 양막파수가 신생아에 미치는 영향

        유용균(YK Yoo),서경(K Seo),박용원(YW Park),최순미(SM Choi),이국(K Lee),이윤호(YH Lee),남궁란(R Namkung) 대한산부인과학회 1998 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.41 No.1

        Management of preterm premature rupture of the membranes(PPROM) represents a clinical dilemma for the obstetrician. Several randomized controlled trials showed that if the membranes had been ruptured, they recommanded immediate delivery for reducing infectious complications, however others recommanded expectant and conservative management for reducing complications related to prematurity. In this study, we compared the neonatal mortality and morbidity between neonates with and without ruptured membranes. 1. The incidence of PPROM was 3.1 percents of total birth. 2. Neonatal death, respiratory distress syndrome, asphyxia, ventilator care, pneumonia, intraventricular hemorrage and urinary tract infection were not different between two groups, however there were significantly statistical differences of hyperbilirubinemia and NICU care. 3. Hperbilirubinemia and NICU care showed significantly statistical differences between two groups, especially after 35 gestational weeks. 4. There were significant increases in ventilator care and NICU care, however no increases were found in other infectious morbidity and respiratory distress syndrome. In conclusion, there was no difference between two groups on infectious morbidity and neonatal death and we may suggest that such findings were resulted from the prophylactic antibiotic therapy.

      • KCI등재SCOPUS

        난소에 발생한 악성 말초신경초종양 1 예

        유용균(YK Yoo),김재욱(JU Kim),최순미(SM Choi),김영태(YT Kim),조남훈(NH Cho) 대한산부인과학회 1996 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.39 No.2

        A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, apparently arising in the left ovary of a 57 year old woman is described. The patient had no stigmata of von Reclinghausen disease. The tumor was located in the position of the left ovary and had metastasized to ilium. The neural sheath origin of the tumor was confirmed by light mocroscopic finding. After radical excision, she had 6 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy and still lives without evidence of recurrence.

      • KCI등재

        선천성자궁 및 질기형 ( 39예 ) 와 산과적 문제점

        정경숙(KS JUNG),유정옥(JO Yoo),조현실(HS Cho),우복희(BH Woo),강신명(SM Kang) 대한산부인과학회 1983 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.26 No.8

        1973년 1월부터 1981년 5월까지 8년반동안 이화여자대학교 의과대학 산부인과에 입원한 임부 16018예중 자궁 및 질의 기형을 가진 임부 39예를 발견하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1.빈도 : (1) 자궁기형은 분만 471예당 1예 (0.21%)로써 그중 중복자궁이 0.03%, 즉 분만 3204예당 l예였고 단각자궁이 8009예당 1예 (0.01%) 쌍각자궁이 942예당 1예 (0.11%) 중격자궁이 1602예당 1예 (0.06%)였다. (2) 질의 기형은 분만 3204예당 l예 (0.03%)로써 그 중 종질중격이 분만 5339예당 1예 (0.02%) 였고 횡질중 격은 분만 8009예당 1예 (0.01%) 였다. 2. 선행유산의 빈도는 중복자궁에서 80%(4/5). 단 각자궁에서 100%(2/2), 쌍각자궁에서 47%(8/l7), 중격자궁에서 60% (6/10) 로써 모두 고율의 선행임신의 실패 내지 손실을 경험하였다 그리고 1회 내지 4회 유산이 선행된 후에 조산 또는 만삭임신으로 유지분만 하게 되 었다. 3.유산 및 주산기사망 ; (1) 자궁기형에서 현존임신 34예중 중복자궁임신의 태아사망율은 60%(3/5), 쌍각자궁에서는 29%(5/17) 등으로 대단히 높았다. 이것을 총 임신회수별로 보면 중복지궁에서의 유산 및 태아사망율이 80%(8/10) 였고 단각자궁에서 50% (2/4), 쌍각자궁에서 42%(15/36), 중격자궁에서 47%(16/34) 등으로 훨씬 머 높았다. (2) 질의 기형 5예증 l예 (20%, 종질중격)에서 둔위 질식분만 강행에 의한 질식사가 있었다. 4. 제왕절개술의 빈도 (1) 중복자궁 및 단각자궁에서는 모두(100%) 제왕 절개술로 분만되었고 쌍각자궁에서 54%. 중격자궁에서 56%가 제왕절개분만이 필요했다. 제왕절개술로 분만된 17예증 2예 (12%)가 신생아사망으로 귀결되었다 (1예는 조산사, 나머지 l예는 기형으로 사망했음). (2) 질의 기형 5예중 1예 (20%, 횡질중)만이 제왕 절개술로 분만되었다. 5. 자궁기형에 있어서의 태반조직잔류의 빈도는 대단히 높았으며(35%) 이들은 대부분이 2회이상 반복태반조직제거소파술을 요하게 되었다. The congenital uterine anomalies depend on the degrees seem quite often cause serious obstetrical problems including the uneasy diagnosis, complicated pregnancy or increased fatal toss The data presented are based on 34 cases of uterine anomalies and 5 cases of vaginal anomalies seen in Ewha Womans University Hospital, Seoul, Korea during the period of 8.5 years starting January 1973 to May 1981. 1. The incidence of uterine anomalies accounted for 0.21%, 1:471 or 34 cases among 16.018 cases of deliveries. The varieties of uterine anomalies commonly seen are bicornuate uterus (17 cases, 0.11%, 1:942 deliveries), septate uterus (10 cases or 1:1602), uterine didelphys (5 cases or 1:3204) and unicornuate uterus (2 casts or 1:800). There were 5 cases of vaginal anomalies which accounted for 1:3204 deliveries. These include 3 cases of longitudinal vaginal septum (1:5339) and 2 cases of transverse vaginal septum (1:8009). 2. The past history among the patients with uterine anomalies revealed very high frequency of abortion, particularly in those patients with didelphys (80%, 4/5) and unicornuate uterus (100%, 2/2), then somewhat less in bicornuate uterus (47%, 8/17) and septate uterus (60%, 6/10). However, after preceding 1~4 times abortions the most of the patients with uterine anomalies usually be able to carry to term pregnancy except some incidence of prematurity. 3. The incidence of overall fetal wastage (abortions) or perinata1 1oss in 84 pregnancies among the uterine anomaly cases was extrimely high; 80% in uterine didelphys cases (8/10). 50%(2/4) in unicornuate uterus, 42% (15/36) in bicornuate uterus and 47%(16/34) in septate uterus. There was 1 case of neonatal death due to difficult breech vaginal delivery in the mother with longitudinal vaginal septum. 4. Risk delivery: Cesarean section required in all cases (100%) with both uterine didelphys (3/3) and unicornuste uterus (2/2), and in 54% (7/13) with bicornuate uterus, and 56% (5/9) with septate uterus. One case with transverse vaginal septum associated wi

      • KCI등재SCOPUS

        급성형태의 쌍태아간 수혈증후군 1 예

        최은아(EA Choi),유지희(JH Yoo),주태림(TR Joo),최순미(SM Choi),이승헌(SH Lee),서경(K Seo),이국(K Lee) 대한산부인과학회 1997 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.40 No.10

        Twin-twin transfusion syndrome(TTTS) is a serious complication of monozygotic mu-ltiple pregnancy. TTTS is associated with high perinatal mortality rate. The acute form has been attributed to rapid transfer of blood through superficial artery-to-artery or vein-to- vein anastomoses during labor and delivery, resulting in a hypovolemic, anemic donor twin and a hypervolemic, plethoric recipient twin of similar birth weight. The authors present a case of acute twin-twin transfusion syndrome with a review of literature.

      • KCI등재

        비수축검사 ( Nonstress test ) 및 수축검사 ( Contracion stress test ) 에 의한 태아장애 예측

        오혜숙(HS Oh),유정옥(JO Yoo),조현실(HS Cho),김종일(JI Kim),우복희(BH Woo),강신명(SM Kang) 대한산부인과학회 1982 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.25 No.12

        1981년 5월부터 8월까지 이화대학병원 산부인과에 입원한 고위험도 임신부 157명을 대상으로 임신 33주에서 45주 사이 153회의 비수축검사 (nonstress test)와 수축검사 (contraction stress test)를 단독 또는 병행 실시하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1.비수축검사에서 반응성(Reactive)으로 나타날 경우엔 그의 97%가 수축검사에서 음성(Negative)을 나타냄으로써 양자간에 잘 부합되었다. 그러나 비수축검사에서 무반응성(Nonreactive)으로 나타날 경우엔 오직 그의 19%만이 수축검사에서 양성(Positive)을 나타냄으로써 위무반응성(False nonreactive)이 많고 잘 부합되지 않으므로 정확한 예후판정을 위해선 이들 검사를 반복해야 할 것이다. 2.비수축검사에서 무반응성인 경우엔 63%의 태아가 이환된 것으로 나타났으나 반응성인 경우엔 24%만이 태아이환을 보였다. 3.수축검사에서 양성무반응성(Positive nonreactive)으로 나타났을 때는 100%의 태아이환율을 보였으나, 음성무반응성(Negative nonreactive)에서는 약 반수만이 이환되었고 음성반응성(Negative reactive)에선 23%로 낮았다.이들 주산기이환(Perinatal morbidity)중에는 신생아사망이 2예(양성무반응성에서 1예, 음성반응성에서 1예)있었으며, 이들은 부검결과 모두 치사적인 선천성 기형아였다. 4.비수축검사에서 무반응성으로 나오면 6점이하의 낮은 아프가점수 빈도가 54%로써 제대혈액상의 산독중(Acidosis)과 산독전증(Preacidosis) 빈도와 비슷하게 나타났다. 수축검사에 있어서 양성무반응성으로 나타날 경우엔 그의 전부가 아프가점수 6이하의 태아장애를 보였고 이들은 태아 두피혈 pH상의 산독증 및 전산독증의 빈도와 부합되었으며 음성무반응성으로 나타났을때는 그의 약 반수가 아프가점수 6이하의 태아장애를 보였고 태아 두피혈 및 제대혈 pH상의 소견도이에 부합되었다. 그러나 음성반응성으로 나타났을 때에는 아프가점수상의 태아장애의 출현은 17%로 적었으나 두피혈 pH상의 소견으론 약 59%가 산독증이나 산독전증을 보였다. 5.42주이상의 연장임신중 비수축성검사에서 무반응성으로 나타났을때는 그의 58%가 과숙아였음을 예측할 수 있었으나 반응성이면 91%가 비과숙아임을 예측할 수 있었다. 수축검사에서도 양성 및 음성무반응성으로 나타날 때에는 그의 40%가 과숙아였음을 예측할 수 있었으나 음성반응성이면 94%가 비과숙아임을 예측할 수 있었다. 즉 연장임신주에서 비수축검사에서 반응성을 나타내거나 수축검사에서 음성반응성을 나타낼 때는 비과숙아일 확률이 높다. 6.수축검사에서 정현(Sinusoidal) 태아심박형을 보인 1예는 아프가점수가 낮은 저산소증(Hypoxia)인 태아였다. The antepartum assessment of fetal well being has become an integral part of the management of any risk pregnancy. For practical purposes, fetal monitoring,especially nonstress test and contraction stress test, has been found to be efficacious clinically. And the goal of these tests is to identify fetuses at risk for intrauterine demise so that intervention can be undertaken before irreversible fetal compromise ensues. From May to August 1980, 153 nonstress tests and 165 contraction stress tests university hospital, and it`s result were efficacious in early prediction of fetal compromise and in reducing the perinatal morbidity and mortality. The results of this study were as follows. 1.Reactive nonstress test was excellently correlated with negative contraction test, in the rate of 97%, but nonreactive nonstress test was correlated with positive contraction stress test only in 19%. 2.In nonstress test, the reactive tests had 24% of perinatal morbidity but nonreactive test had 63%. 3.In contraction stress test(CST), the patients with positive nonreactive test consequently showed 100% perinatal morbidity, and in negative nonreactive test, it was 51.4% but in negative reactive test, it was 23%. And there were 2 cases of neonatal death in CST, one was in positive nonreactive and the other was in negative reactive test and both had congenital fetal anomalies which was proved by autopsy. 4.In nonreactive nonstress test, the incidences of low apgar score and fetal acidosis and/or preacidosis were 54% and 67% respectively. In both positive and negative nonreactive contraction stress tests, the incidences of low apgar score were fairly high, 100% and 62.5% respectively, and the incidences of fetal acidosis and/or preacidosis were also high ( 80% and 63%). 5.In postdatism, both reactive nonstress test and negative reactive contraction stress test showed high specificity in prediction of non postmaturity with the rate of 91% and 94% respectively. 6.There was one case of sinusoidal fetal heart rate pattern among 42 weeks in contraction stress test, and it revealed poor fetal outcome with low apgar score of 5 in 1 minutes and 6 in 5 minutes.

      • KCI등재후보

        Taxifolin Inhibited the Nitric Oxide Production and Expression of Pro-inflammatory Cytokine mRNA in Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 Cells

        Man Hee Rhee,Mehari Endale,SM Kamruzzaman,Whi Min Lee,Hwa-Jin Park,Myung-Jo Yoo,Jae Youl Cho 대한의생명과학회 2008 Biomedical Science Letters Vol.14 No.3

        In previous works, we found that solvent extract of Opuntia humifusa Raf., a member of the lactaceae family, displayed potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, all solvent fractions, except for the water layer, showed potent scavenging effects. According to activity-guided fractionation, one of active radical scavenging principles in the ethyl acetate fraction was found to be taxifolin. In this study, we investigated whether taxifolin showed anti-oxidative activity. In addition, taxifolin modulated nitric oxide (NO) release and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and TNF-α. Taxifolin showed potent anti-oxidant activity with the IC?? of 8.5±1.4 and 9.3±1.0 μM using xanthine/xanthine oxidase (XO) assay and 2,2-Diphenyl-lpicrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay, respectively. We next determined the role of taxifolin on the immunomodulating activity using murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 cells. Taxifolin dosedependently inhibited NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7. It also significantly blocked the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) mRNA in the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, taxifolin potently suppressed the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and GM-CSF mRNA in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells, but not that of TNF-α. Moreover, taxifolin significantly inhibited the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and activator protein -1 (AP-1). These results suggest that taxifolin may downregulate inflammatory iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6 and GM-CSF gene expressions through inhibition of NF-K and AP-1 activation in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.

      • KCI등재

        Taxifolin Inhibited the Nitric Oxide Production and Expression of Pro-inflammatory Cytokine mRNA in Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 Cells

        Rhee, Man-Hee,Endale, Mehari,Kamruzzaman, SM,Lee, Whi-Min,Park, Hwa-Jin,Yoo, Myung-Jo,Cho, Jae-Youl The Korean Society for Biomedical Laboratory Scien 2008 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.14 No.3

        In previous works, we found that solvent extract of Opuntia humifusa Raf., a member of the lactaceae family, displayed potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, all solvent fractions, except for the water layer, showed potent scavenging effects. According to activity-guided fractionation, one of active radical scavenging principles in the ethyl acetate fraction was found to be taxifolin. In this study, we investigated whether taxifolin showed anti-oxidative activity. In addition, taxifolin modulated nitric oxide (NO) release and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA such as interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), IL-6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and TNF-${\alpha}$. Taxifolin showed potent anti-oxidant activity with the $IC_{50}\;of\;8.5{\pm}1.4\;and\;9.3{\pm}1.0{\mu}M$ using xanthine/xanthine oxidase (XO) assay and 2,2-Diphenyl-lpicrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay, respectively. We next determined the role of taxifolin on the immunomodulating activity using murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 cells. Taxifolin dose-dependently inhibited NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7. It also significantly blocked the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) mRNA in the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, taxifolin potently suppressed the expression of IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and GM-CSF mRNA in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells, but not that of TNF-${\alpha}$ Moreover, taxifolin significantly inhibited the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) and activator protein -1 (AP-1). These results suggest that taxifolin may downregulate inflammatory iNOS, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and GM-CSF gene expressions through inhibition of NF-K and AP-1 activation in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.

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