http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
지속가능한 대학 건물 계획사례 연구 -최근의 해외 대학 사례를 중심으로-
안용환,Ahn, Yong-Hwan 한국교육시설학회 2012 敎育施設 Vol.19 No.2
In the 21st century numerous universities continue to have an interest in building a more sustainable campus. The concept related to sustainable development and sustainability is applied to new master plan of university or university building planning. The field of sustainable development can be conceptually broken into three constituent parts: environmental sustainability, economic sustainability and social sustainability. The realization of sustainable development will become when considered eco-friendly life of users, not only environmentally friendly technologies. This study aims to research the method of sustainable access to university building planning in Europe and Canada. First, certification and standards will focused on acquisition Green Building Certification. Then we look at trends of sustainability based on users and community through the system of prior consultation between university and users. For the desirable development of the sustainable campus, the sustainable planning of campus should be investigated with campus community, members and local residents considering the generation, the preservation, the maintenance of existing building.
안용환(Ahn, Yong-Hwan) 한국교육시설학회 2012 敎育施設 Vol.19 No.2
In the 21st century numerous universities continue to have an interest in building a more sustainable campus. The concept related to sustainable development and sustainability is applied to new master plan of university or university building planning. The field of sustainable development can be conceptually broken into three constituent parts: environmental sustainability, economic sustainability and social sustainability. The realization of sustainable development will become when considered eco-friendly life of users, not only environmentally friendly technologies. This study aims to research the method of sustainable access to university building planning in Europe and Canada. First, certification and standards will focused on acquisition Green Building Certification. Then we look at trends of sustainability based on users and community through the system of prior consultation between university and users. For the desirable development of the sustainable campus, the sustainable planning of campus should be investigated with campus community, members and local residents considering the generation, the preservation, the maintenance of existing building.
아파트 리모델링의 단위세대평면계획에 대한 연구 - 상계동 미도아파트 단위세대평면을 중심으로 -
안용환 ( Yong-hwan Ahn ) 한국고등직업교육학회 2008 한국고등직업교육학회논문집 Vol.9 No.2
Since 2000, the government presented an apartment remodeling activation as the important policy propulsion plans. With the constructions regulations about lowering the area increase of the unit generation plan of apartment was only but in rain efficient area increase and it was only a space one where the user's convenience was overlooked. The objective of this study is to solve the problem points and to show the alternative approaches of the unit generation plan design of apartment remodeling work. Currently the enlargement of a building scope of apartment remodeling work is restricted up to 30% and it extends a building in the whole surface and the back side of the general apartment remodeling work case. This research seeks for a family efficient unit generation design following the existing construction law.
스카른 잠두 광체 예측을 위한 아연-연 광상 성인의 재검토
최선규,최부갑,안용환,김태형,Choi, Seon-Gyu,Choi, Bu-Kap,Ahn, Yong-Hwan,Kim, Tae-Hyeong 대한자원환경지질학회 2009 자원환경지질 Vol.42 No.4
태백산 광화대는 Zn Pb W Fe Cu Mo Ag Au와 같은 금속이 다량 수반되는 국내에서 가장 중요한 광화대로서 다양한 광상유형이 배태되고 있다. 이러한 광상 유형은 스카른 광상, 열수교대 광상, 중열수 맥상 광상, 칼린 광상으로 시 공간적 측면에서 반암형 광화작용과 밀접한 연관성을 보이고 있다. 태백산 광화대에서 천부 마그마-열수시스템은 고태평양 판의 북서 방향의 섭입과 관련된 불국사 화성활동(약 $110{\sim}50\;Ma$)과 연계되어 있다. 특히 국내에서 대표적인 아연-연 스카른 광상인 제2연화, 신예미, 울진 광상과 열수교대 광상인 장군 광상 그리고 중간 혼합형(스카른/열수교대 혼합형)에 속하는 제1연화 광상을 대상으로 금속비, 광물조합 및 생성환경을 비교하여, 광화유체의 진화에 따른 특성을 검토하였다. 이러한 광상 유형의 금속비는 관계 화강암체의 근원물질로부터 온도 하강에 따라 중간형 황 조건에서 저황 조건으로 변화하는 정출환경을 시사하고 있으며, 다금속 광화작용시 각 광산별 공간적 근접성에 기인한 유체의 진화단계 차이를 반영하고 있다. The Taebaeksan mineralized province, which is the most important one in South Korea, is rich in zinc-lead-tungsten-iron-copper-molybdenum-silver-gold mineral resources and has a diversity of deposit styles. These deposits principally coexist in time and space with porphyry-related epigenetic deposit such as skarn, hydrothermal replacement, mesothermal vein, and Carlin-like deposits. The magmatic-hydrothermal systems in the Taebaek fold belt is genetically characterized by the Bulguksa subvolcanic rocks(ca. $110{\sim}50\;Ma$) related to northwestward subduction of the paleo-Pacific Plate. The most important zinc-lead deposits in the area are the Uljin, Yeonhwa II and Shinyemi skarn, the Janggun hydrothermal replacement, and the Yeonhwa I intermediate-mixed (skarn/hydrothermal replacement) ones. In the present study, we present a compilation of metal production and mineral assemblage of the zinc-lead deposits. The metal difference of deposit styles in the area indicates a cooling path from intermediate-sulfidation to low-sulfidation state in the polymetallic hydrothermal system, reflecting spatial proximity to a magmatic source.
금성 몰리브데늄광상의 잠두 반암형 광체에 대한 부존가능성과 성인적 환경
최선규,박정우,서지은,김창성,신종기,김남혁,유인걸,이지윤,안용환,Choi, Seon-Gyu,Park, Jung-Woo,Seo, Ji-Eun,Kim, Chang-Seong,Shin, Jong-Ki,Kim, Nam-Hyuck,Yoo, In-Kol,Lee, Ji-Yun,Ahn, Yong-Hwan 대한자원환경지질학회 2007 자원환경지질 Vol.40 No.1
The Guemseong mine is located near the southern margin of the Jurassic Jecheon granitoids collectively with the Cambro-Ordovician mixed dolostone-limestone series of the Yeongweol Group, Choseon Supergroup. Here, two spatially distinct types of skarn formation have been observed. The upper transitional skarn is the calcic Mo skarn which has the mineral assemblage of $garnet+hedenbergite+epidote{\pm}wollastonite{\pm}magnetite{\pm}hematite{\pm}amphibole{\pm}chlorite{\pm}vesuvianite$ within the calcite marble. On the other hand, the lower proximal skarn occurs as a discordant magnesian Fe skarn at the contact of Mo-bearing aplitic cupolas with unidirectional solidification texture(UST) within the dolomitic marble. The magnesian Fe skarn has the mineral assemlage $olivine+diopside+magnetite+tremolite+serpentine+talc+chlorite{\pm}phlogopite$. The formation of two different types of skarn and ore mineralization in Geumseong mine have been attributed to multistage and complex metasomatic replacements that ultimately resulted in silicate-oxide-sulfide sequence of metasomatism. An early prograde stage with anhydrous skarn minerals such as olivine, clinopyroxene and/or garnet with magnetite, formed from high temperature (about $500^{\circ}\;to\;400^{\circ}C$) at an environmental condition of low $CO_2$ fugacity ($XCO_2<0.1$) and 0.5 kbar. The later retrograde stage with hydrous silicates such as amphibole, serpentine, phlogopite, epidote and chlorite with molybdenite or hematite, termed from relatively lower temperature (about $400^{\circ}\;to\;300^{\circ}C$). 금성광상은 캠브리아기-오르도비스기 조선누층군 중 영월층군의 탄산염암과 쥐라기 제천화강암체와의 남측 경계부를 따라 백운석질 석회암과 석회암의 조성차이를 반영하여 서로 다른 유형의 스카른대가 배태되고 있다. 금성광상에서 스카른화작용은 전반적으로 규산염광물-산화광물-황화광물이 순차적으로 교대-정출되는 특징을 보이고 있으며, 공간적으로 상부 스카른에 배태된 점이성 스카른형 Mo광상과 하부 스카른에 배태된 근지성 스카른과 함께 수반되는 단방향 결정성장조직의 큐폴라형 Mo광상으로 양분된다. 금성광상의 상부 스카른대는 휘수연석${\pm}$자철석${\pm}$적철석과 함께 석회암이 교대된 Ca계열 스카른광물인 석류석+단사휘석+녹렴석+양기석+녹니석${\pm}$규회석${\pm}$사장석${\pm}$베스비아나이트의 광물조합을 보이고 있는 반면, 하부 스카른대는 자철석과 함께 백운석질 석회암이 교대된 Mg계열 스카른광물인 감람석+투휘석+투각섬석+금운모+사문석${\pm}$고니석${\pm}$활석으로 구성되어 있다. Ca계열 및 Mg계열 스카른광물의 공생관계 및 열역학적 자료를 종합적으로 검토한 결과, 전진 스카른 단계 스카른화 작용은 약 0.5kbar, $XCO_2<0.1$의 조건의 약 $500^{\circ}{\sim}400^{\circ}C$ 온도범위에서 진행되었으며, 후퇴 스카른 단계 함수규산염광물의 안정영역은 약 $500^{\circ}{\sim}400^{\circ}C$ 온도범위로 추정된다.
Kwang-Jin Kim(김광진),Han Bok Kwak(곽한복),Eun-Yong Choi(최은영),Jaemin Oh(오재민),Min-Kyu Choi(최민규),Jeong Hugh Lee(이정휴),Mi-Jin Song(송미진),Yong Hwan Ahn(안용환),Myeung Su Lee(이명수),Chang Hoon Lee(이창훈),Seong Hoon Park( 대한체질인류학회 2011 대한체질인류학회지 Vol.24 No.3
뼈 관련 질환을 앓고 있는 환자에게 부작용이 없는 치료제의 발견은 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 뼈 파괴세포의 분화와 뼈 흡수를 억제할 수 있는 새로운 물질을 발견하는 것이다. 본 연구에서 뼈 파괴세포의 분화 및 뼈 흡수에 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone의 효과를 세포수준과 마우스 생체 내에서 검증하였다. 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone은 농도 증감에 따라 receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)에 의해 대식세포에서 뼈 파괴세포로의 분화를 억제하였다. 그러나 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone은 대식세포에 독성을 나타내지 않았다. 이들의 결과로 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone이 대식세포로부터 뼈 파괴세포로 분화에 특이적으로 작용한다고 할 수 있다. 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone은 RANKL에 의한 뼈 파괴세포 특이 유전자 뿐만 아니라 c-Fos와 NFATc1의 발현을 억제하였다. RANKL는 inhibitors of differentiation/DNA binding (Id)1, 2, 3의 발현을 억제하였지만, 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone가 Id1과 Id2의 발현을 촉진하였다. 더욱이, 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone은 뼈 파괴세포의 뼈 흡수를 억제하였고 마우스 생체 내 lipopolysaccharide에 의한 뼈 흡수를 억제하였다. 이 모든 결과로 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone이 뼈 질환 치료제로 가능성을 가진다고 할 수 있다. It is important to identify therapeutic compounds with no adverse effects for use in the chemotherapy of patients with bone-related diseases. The aim of this study was to identify a new compound that inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Herein, we examined the effects of 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone on osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption in vitro and in vivo. 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone inhibited receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation of cultured bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) in a dosedependent manner. However, 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone did not exert cytotoxic effect on BMMs. 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone suppressed the expression of c-fos and NFATc1 as well as osteoclast-specific genes in BMMs treated with RANKL. Treatment with RANKL inhibited the expression of inhibitors of differentiation/DNA binding (Id)1, 2, and 3; however, in the presence of 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone, RANKL did not suppress the expression of Id1, 2, and 3. Furthermore, 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone inhibited bone resorption and considerably attenuated the erosion of trabecular bone induced by lipopolysaccharide treatment. Taken together, these results suggest that 1’,2’-dihydrorotenone has the potential to be applied in therapies for bone-related diseases.