Paleogene lacustrine dolomitization, Xingou region, southern Qianjiang Depression, China

Junjun Shen,Bo Chen,Fangfang Chen,Chao Cheng,Yangfan Li,Ying Tian 한국지질과학협의회 2016 Geosciences Journal Vol.20 No.2

The lacustrine dolomicrites of Unit II of the lower Xingouzui Formation deposited in the southern part of the Qianjiang Depression provide a good “tight carbonate” hydrocarbon reservoir. The dolomicrites are typically interbedded with and sourced from organic-rich argillite, which together form a source-reservoir assemblage characterized by thin single-layer thicknesses, far lateral extent and continuous lateral distribution. Systematic sedimentological and geochemical studies indicate that the depositional environment and organic matter evolution of the dark argillites (with TOC of 0.5–2%) are favorable for formation of the dolomicrites. The dolomicrite was mainly formed in a shallow-water evaporative environment; crystals are anhedral under SEM, in non-surface contact, and include a number of honeycomb intergranular micropores associated with replacement. The dolomicrite shows orange-orangered light by cathodoluminescence, indicative of association with minor terrigenous debris; X-ray diffraction results indicate that the dolomicrite is characterized by high calcium content (CaCO3 molar contents of 52.28–52.28%), low degree of orders of 0.2–0.4), and high content of Fe. The dolomicrite has δ18O values of 2.47–2.47‰ PDB, more positive than micrite, and δ13C values as moderately negative as 9.4–4.21‰ PDB, similar to micrite. Both values indicate the dolomicrite formed in a low-temperature genetic zone. Together, these characteristics indicate that the dolomicrite in the study area was formed in a high-salinity, confined lake basin, characterized by low temperature, shallow burial, and rapid nucleation and crystallization. The dolomicrite experienced a contemporaneous period with formation of dark mudstone, shale and calcite, and a penecontemporaneous period with formation of dolomicrite via seepage-reflux and a diagenetic period when ferrodolomite was formed via burial.

Ginsenoside Rb1 exerts neuroprotective effects through regulation of Lactobacillus helveticus abundance and GABA_A receptor expression

Chen, Huimin,Shen, Jiajia,Li, Haofeng,Zheng, Xiao,Kang, Dian,Xu, Yangfan,Chen, Chong,Guo, Huimin,Xie, Lin,Wang, Guangji,Liang, Yan The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.1

Background: Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1), one of the most abundant protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides, exerts excellent neuroprotective effects even though it has low intracephalic exposure. Purpose: The present study aimed to elucidate the apparent contradiction between the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Rb1 by studying the mechanisms underlying neuroprotective effects of Rb1 based on regulation of microflora. Methods: A pseudo germ-free (PGF) rat model was established, and neuroprotective effects of Rb1 were compared between conventional and PGF rats. The relative abundances of common probiotics were quantified to reveal the authentic probiotics that dominate in the neuroprotection of Rb1. The expressions of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, including GABAA receptors (α2, β2, and γ2) and GABAB receptors (1b and 2), in the normal, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), and I/R+Rb1 rat hippocampus and striatum were assessed to reveal the neuroprotective mechanism of Rb1. Results: The results showed that microbiota plays a key role in neuroprotection of Rb1. The relative abundance of Lactobacillus helveticus (Lac.H) increased 15.26 fold after pretreatment with Rb1. I/R surgery induced effects on infarct size, neurological deficit score, and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) were prevented by colonizing the rat gastrointestinal tract with Lac.H (1 × 10⁹ CFU) by gavage 15 d before I/R surgery. Both Rb1 and Lac.H upregulated expression of GABA receptors in I/R rats. Coadministration of a GABA_A receptor antagonist significantly attenuated neuroprotective effects of Rb1 and Lac.H. Conclusion: In sum, Rb1 exerts neuroprotective effects by regulating Lac.H and GABA receptors rather than through direct distribution to the target sites.

Ginsenoside Rb1 exerts neuroprotective effects through regulation of Lactobacillus helveticus abundance and GABA<SUB>A</SUB> receptor expression

Huimin Chen,Jiajia Shen,Haofeng Li,Xiao Zheng,Dian Kang,Yangfan Xu,Chong Chen,Huimin Guo,Lin Xie,Guangji Wang,Yan Liang 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.1

Background: Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1), one of the most abundant protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides, exerts excellent neuroprotective effects even though it has low intracephalic exposure. Purpose: The present study aimed to elucidate the apparent contradiction between the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Rb1 by studying the mechanisms underlying neuroprotective effects of Rb1 based on regulation of microflora. Methods: A pseudo germ-free (PGF) rat model was established, and neuroprotective effects of Rb1 were compared between conventional and PGF rats. The relative abundances of common probiotics were quantified to reveal the authentic probiotics that dominate in the neuroprotection of Rb1. The expressions of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, including GABAA receptors (α2, β2, and γ2) and GABAB receptors (1b and 2), in the normal, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), and I/RþRb1 rat hippocampus and striatum were assessed to reveal the neuroprotective mechanism of Rb1. Results: The results showed that microbiota plays a key role in neuroprotection of Rb1. The relative abundance of Lactobacillus helveticus (Lac.H) increased 15.26 fold after pretreatment with Rb1. I/R surgery induced effects on infarct size, neurological deficit score, and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) were prevented by colonizing the rat gastrointestinal tract with Lac.H (1×10<SUP>9</SUP> CFU) by gavage 15 d before I/R surgery. Both Rb1 and Lac.H upregulated expression of GABA receptors in I/R rats. Coadministration of a GABAA receptor antagonist significantly attenuated neuroprotective effects of Rb1 and Lac.H. Conclusion: In sum, Rb1 exerts neuroprotective effects by regulating Lac.H and GABA receptors rather than through direct distribution to the target sites.

Ginsenoside Rb1 exerts neuroprotective effects through regulation of Lactobacillus helveticus abundance and GABAA receptor expression

Huimin Chen,Jiajia Shen,Haofeng Li,Xiao Zheng,Dian Kang,Yangfan Xu,Chong Chen,Huimin Guo,Lin Xie,Guangji Wang,Yan Liang 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.1

Background: Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1), one of the most abundant protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides, exertsexcellent neuroprotective effects even though it has low intracephalic exposure. Purpose: The present study aimed to elucidate the apparent contradiction between the pharmacokineticsand pharmacodynamics of Rb1 by studying the mechanisms underlying neuroprotective effects ofRb1 based on regulation of microflora. Methods: A pseudo germ-free (PGF) rat model was established, and neuroprotective effects of Rb1 werecompared between conventional and PGF rats. The relative abundances of common probiotics werequantified to reveal the authentic probiotics that dominate in the neuroprotection of Rb1. The expressionsof the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, including GABAA receptors (a2, b2, and g2) andGABAB receptors (1b and 2), in the normal, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), and I/RþRb1 rat hippocampus andstriatum were assessed to reveal the neuroprotective mechanism of Rb1. Results: The results showed that microbiota plays a key role in neuroprotection of Rb1. The relativeabundance of Lactobacillus helveticus (Lac.H) increased 15.26 fold after pretreatment with Rb1. I/R surgeryinduced effects on infarct size, neurological deficit score, and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1b, IL-6, andTNF-a) were prevented by colonizing the rat gastrointestinal tract with Lac.H (1 109 CFU) by gavage 15d before I/R surgery. Both Rb1 and Lac.H upregulated expression of GABA receptors in I/R rats. Coadministrationof a GABAA receptor antagonist significantly attenuated neuroprotective effects of Rb1 and Lac.H. Conclusion: In sum, Rb1 exerts neuroprotective effects by regulating Lac.H and GABA receptors ratherthan through direct distribution to the target sites.

Application of the Global Stability Index Method to Predict the Quality Deterioration of Blunt-snout Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) during Chilled Storage

Yulong Bao,Yongkang Luo,Yuemei Zhang,Yangfan Shen,Huixing Shen 한국식품과학회 2013 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.22 No.5

To study the quality changes of blunt-snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) stored at chilled temperature (0-9oC), a global stability index (GSI) method was developed. Sensory score, total aerobic counts (TAC),total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), and K value (as a percentage of the ratio between HxR (hypoxanthine riboside)+Hx (hypoxanthine) to the total ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and its degradation products) were determined to form a GSI value, and a predictive model of GSI was established by combining zero order kinetics with the Arrhenius equation. The results showed that the goodness of fit remained a high level (R2>0.97), the activation energy (EA) and the corresponding pre-exponential factor (k0) were 83.49 kJ/mol and 4.78×1014 respectively. Relative errors between experimental GSI values and predicted GSI values were all within ±15% before the 15th day. Therefore,the model could effectively predict the quality deterioration of blunt-snout bream during chilled storage.

Free Vibration of the Cracked Non-uniform Beam with Cross Section Varying as Polynomial Functions

Guo-jin Tan,Yang Liu,Yafeng Gong,Yangfan Shen,Ziyu Liu 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.22 No.11

This paper presents an approach for free vibration analysis of the cracked non-uniform beam with general boundary conditions, whose mass per unit length and bending moment of inertia varying as polynomial functions. Firstly, the general expression of mode shape function of the non-uniform beam with four undetermined coefficients is solved by a generalized power series method based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. Then, the transfer matrix method is combined into the mode shape function of the non-uniform beam to improve the computational efficiency owe to the fewer segments divided by the cracks and joints at the different forms of variable cross-section. The massless rotational springs are adopted to simulate the cracks to derive the transfer relationship of the undetermined coefficients in the same segment. The four undetermined coefficients matrix is obtained by using equilibrium and continuity conditions between two adjacent segments, and then the characteristic equation of the entire cracked beam is formed. Finally, the correctness and reliability of the proposed method in this paper is verified by the methods presented by other published papers and the Finite Element Method (FEM). In addition, the crack parameters on the vibratory characteristics are investigated through the numerical examples.

Recognition and Classification of Ancient Dwellings based on Elastic Grid and GLCM

Yang-Fan,Shen Lai-xin 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.5

The Detection of Ancient Dwellings Based on Gabor Histogram Features

Yang-Fan,Shen Lai-xin 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.11 No.7

In order to detect objects which may have features of different sizes and directions from satellite map, some bounding boxes which surround these objects are obtained, and convolve with multi-parameters Gabor wavelet to get multi-direction Gabor amplitudes. By computing the average of these Gabor amplitudes, the local texture features of bounding box can obtain, which are direction-invariant. By using histogram algorithm, these Gabor averages are projected onto a given base (some interval divisions) to get different projection coefficients, which can be combined into a feature vector. The vector combines local texture features and global statistic features to representative the texture features of the object. Recognition and Classification of ancient dwellings can be realized by using GLVQ. Experiments show, the vector can representative those irregular and low resolution ancient objects that are based on Gabor direction-invariant local texture features and histogram global features. The GLVQ classifier based the vector of histogram has a good robust, and obtains better detecting effect.

A Novel Non-contact Measurement Method for the Detection of Current Flowing Through Concealed Conductors

Yang Fan,Liu Kai,Zhu Liwei,Hu Jiayuan,Wang Xiaoyu,Shen Xiaoming,Luo Hanwu,Ammad Jadoon 한국자기학회 2017 Journal of Magnetics Vol.22 No.1

In order to detect the current flowing through concealed conductor, this paper proposes a new method based on derivative method. Firstly, this paper analyzes the main peak characteristic of the derivative function of magnetic field generated by a current-carrying conductor, and a relationship between the current flowing through the conductor and the main peak of the derivative function is obtained and applied to calculate the current. Then, the method is applied to detect the conductor current flowing through grounding grids of substations. Finally, the numerical experimental and field experiment verified the feasibility and accuracy of the method, and the computing results show that the method can effectively measure the conductor current of grounding grids with low error, and the error is within 5 %.