Privet golden leaves adapt unexpectedly well to light changes

Ming Yuan,Bo Huang,Li-Hua Dong,Qiao-Hong Han,Yong Yang,Chun-Bang Ding,Chao Hu,Yang-Er Chen,Zhong-Wei Zhang,Shu Yuan 한국원예학회 2020 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.61 No.4

Golden-leaf privet ( Ligustrum × vicaryi ) is widely used as a horticultural shrub because of its upper golden leaves, butits lower leaves are green. However, the putative mechanisms of its upper golden leaves and the leaf color changes inresponse to light shifts have not been well studied so far. Here, chlorophylls (Chl), carotenoids, and Chl precursors from bothgolden and green leaves grown in full sunlight (approximately 1200 μmol photons m −2 s −1 at noon) or low-light conditions(180 μmol m −2 s −1 ) were determined spectrophotometrically. In addition, their gas exchange parameters and Chl fl uorescencewere measured in situ. Metabolic fl ux analysis of chlorophyll intermediates indicated that the conversion of prochlorophyllideto chlorophyllide was signifi cantly blocked in golden leaves when compared with green leaves. Green leaves showed higherphotosynthetic capacity in low light than golden leaves, but golden leaves presented unexpectedly stronger photosyntheticcapacity and lower reactive oxygen species accumulation under the high-light condition. Furthermore, golden leaves showeda higher level of nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) after the light-to-dark shift and presented a stronger adaptive abilityto a broad range of light environments. Higher NPQ values and less oxidative damage in golden leaves may be correlatedwith their higher carotenoid levels. The results imply that lower chlorophyll levels and higher carotenoid levels in canopyleaves may help privet plants acclimate better to illumination changes. This study demonstrates the key role of irradiance ingenerating the two types of Ligustrum × vicaryi leaves and sheds a light on cultivation of other ornamental foliage plants.

Cloning and characterization of the cardiac-specific Lrrc10 promoter

( Xiong Wei Fan ),( Qing Yang ),( You Liang Wang ),( Yan Zhang ),( Jian Wang ),( Jia Jia Yuan ),( Yong Qing Li ),( Yue Qun Wang ),( Yun Deng ),( Wu Zhou Yuan ),( Xiao Yang Mo ),( Yong Qi Wan ),( Karen 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2011 BMB Reports Vol.44 No.2

Leucine-rich repeat containing protein 10 (LRRC10) is characterized as a cardiac-specific gene, suggesting a role in heart development and disease. A severe cardiac morphogenic defect in zebrafish morphants was recently reported but a contradictory result was found in mice, suggesting a more complicated molecular mechanism exists during mouse embryonic development. To elucidate how LRRC10 is regulated, we analyzed the 5`enhancer region approximately 3 kilo bases (kb) upstream of the Lrrc10 start site using luciferase reporter gene assays. Our characterization of the Lrrc10 promoter indicates it possesses complicated cis-and trans-acting elements. We show that GATA4 and MEF2C could both increase transcriptional activity of Lrrc10 promoter individually but that they do not act synergistically, suggesting that there exists a more complex regulation pattern. Surprisingly, knockout of Gata4 and Mef2c binding sites in the 5`enhancer region (-2,894/-2,889) didn`t change the transcriptional activity of the Lrrc10 promoter and the likely GATA4 binding site identified was located in a region only 100 base pair (bp) upstream of the promoter. Our data provides insight into the molecular regulation of Lrrc10 expression, which probably also contributes to its tissue-specific expression. [BMB reports 2011; 44(2): 123-128]

Shear behavior of steel reinforced concrete shallow floor beam: Experimental and theoretical study

Yang Chen,Chong Ren,Yuqing Yuan,Yong Yang 국제구조공학회 2022 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.44 No.5

This paper reports experimental investigation on shear behavior of steel reinforced concrete (SRC) shallow floor beam, where the steel shape is embedded in concrete and the high strength bolts are used to transfer the shear force along the interface between the steel shape and concrete. Six specimens were conducted aiming to provide information on shear performance and explore the shear bearing capacity of SRC shallow floor beams. The effects of the height of concrete slab, the size and the type of the steel section on shear performance of beams were also analyzed in the test. Based on the strut-and-tie model, the shear strength of the SRC shallow floor beam was proposed. Experimental results showed that composite shallow floor beam exhibited satisfactory composite behavior and all of the specimen failed in shear failure. The shear bearing capacity increased with the increasing of height of concrete slab and the size of steel shape, and the bearing capacities of beam specimens with castellated steel shape was slightly lower than those of specimens with H-shaped steel section. Furthermore, the calculations for evaluating the shear bearing capacity of SRC shallow floor beam were verified to be reasonable.

Effectiveness of craniotomy and long- term survival in 35 patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia with brain metastases: a clinical retrospective analysis

Yuan Li,Weidi Wang,Xirun Wan,Fengzhi Feng,Yong-Lan He,Junjun Yang,Yang Xiang 대한부인종양학회 2022 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.33 No.3

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatments, and prognostic factors among patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) exhibiting brain metastases who underwent craniotomy. Methods: Thirty-five patients with GTN who had brain metastases and subsequently underwent craniotomies between January 1990 and December 2018 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were identified using the GTN database. Their clinical manifestations, treatments, outcomes, and prognostic factors were retrospectively analyzed. Results: All 35 patients underwent decompressive craniotomy, hematoma removal, and metastatic tumor resection combined with multiagent chemotherapy. Eighty percent (28/35) achieved complete remission, 11.4% (4/35) achieved partial remission, and 8.6% (3/35) had progressive disease. Not counting 2 patients who were lost to follow-up, 81.8% of the patients (27/33) were alive after a median follow-up of 72 months. The 5-year overall survival rate was 80.4%. Univariate analysis revealed that a history of chemotherapy failure (p=0.020) and a >1-week interval between craniotomy and chemotherapy commencement (p=0.027) were adverse risk factors for survival. Multivariate analysis showed that previous chemotherapy failure remained an independent risk factor for poor survival (odds ratio=11.50; 95% confidence interval=1.55–85.15; p=0.017). Conclusion: Decompressive craniotomy is a life-saving option if metastatic hemorrhage and intracranial hypertension produce a risk of cerebral hernia in patients with GTN who have brain metastases. Higher survival rates and improved prognoses can be achieved through perioperative multidisciplinary cooperation and timely standard postoperative chemotherapy.

Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field is an Environmental Stress Factor by Exerting Oxidative Stress

( Yong Jin Park ),( Won Joo Park ),( Sung Hyuk Yim ),( Seong Jun Yang ),( Yuan Lu Sun ),( Eon Sub Park ),( Ji Hoon Jeong ) 한국응용약물학회 2007 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.15 No.1

The previous study reported the biological effect of magnetic held exerted by acting on endocrine and anti-oxidant system. The present study aims to study whether ELF-MF (extremely low frequency magnetic field) affects the physiological endocrine systems such as thyroid and whether ELF-MF affects the defense system against oxidative stress when it alters the function of thyroid. Finally, we correlate the effects of MF on oxidative stress, and adrenal and thyroid with an environmental stress factor. We exposed sham or MF to rats for 5or 25 days. After the exposure, we determined pain sensitivity, level of TSH, T3 and free T4 in plasma. We also assayed in whole brain, lipid peroxidation, the activity of enzymatic anti-oxidant defense including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and non enzymatic defense such as reduced or oxidized glutathione contents. MF induced the hypersensitivity to thermal stimuli with the reduction of latency. T3 and T4 levels were also increased by the exposure of MF. In addition, we observed the rise of MDA level in rat brain by MF although the MF did not change superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity. The effect of MF on both reduced and oxidized glutathione results in decrease in reduced or oxidized glutathione in whole brain. In every experiment, there was no significant difference in MF influence between short term (5 days) and long term (25 days) exposure. Taken together, MF exposure affects the thyroid hormonal control in brain. The elevated thyroid hormone acts on brain, leading to hyper-utilization of oxygen. This phenomenon may be correlated with oxidative stress resulting from MF exposure. In conclusion, we suggest that MF exposure may be an environmental stress by exerting oxidative stress.

Serine Proteases of Parasitic Helminths

Yong Yang,Yun jun Wen,Ya Nan Cai,Isabelle Vallee,Pascal Boireau,Ming Yuan Liu,Shi Peng Cheng 대한기생충학열대의학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.53 No.1

MALAT1 knockdown promoted cell viability and migration of LPS‑treated MG‑63 cells via sponging miR‑212

Yong Zhang,Yuan Zhang,Kun Yang,Weizhong Guo,Xiaojun Ma,Xingming Ma,Zengliang Wang 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.5

Background Most fractures could heal after treatment, around 5–10% of patients still develop delayed union and nonunion. Evidence has increasingly shown that abnormal expression of long noncoding RNAs is closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases including fracture healing. However, evidence regarding the efect of MALAT1 on fracture healing remains limited. Objectives In this study, we attempt to explore the role of MALAT1 during the process of femoral neck fracture healing and elucidate the underlying mechanism of this disease. Methods We frst detect the expression of lncRNAs in serums from 3 pairs of patients with delayed femoral neck fracture healing and healthy volunteers using lncRNA microarray. And the expression of long noncoding RNA MALAT1 in serums and LPS-treated MG-63 cells was measured using qRT-PCR. CCK-8 assay, cell migration and qRT-PCR were applied to the role of MALAT1 knockdown in LPS-treated MG-63 cells. ELISA was used for the measurement of infammatory cytokines in serums of patients and healthy volunteers. The bioinformatics analysis and the rescue experiment were devoted to the underlying mechanism. Results MALAT1 expression was up-regulated in serum of patients with delayed union of femoral neck fracture. MALAT1 knockdown promoted cell viability and migration, reduced infammation in LPS-treated MG-63 cells. The bioinformatics analysis showed MALAT1 acts as a molecular sponge for miR-212. And SOX6 was a target of miR-212. Besides, MALAT1 knockdown suppressed SOX6 expression via targeting miR-212 in LPS-treated MG-63 cells. Conclusions These data suggest MALAT1 knockdown promoted the biological behavior of LPS-treated MG-63 cells via sponging miR-212, which may provide a new therapeutic avenue for delayed union of femoral neck fracture.

Effect of the Oxygen Flux Ratio on the Structural and the Optical Properties of Silver-oxide Films Deposited by Using the Direct-current Reactive Magnetron Sputtering Method

Xiao-Yong Gao,Hong-Liang Feng,Zeng-Yuan Zhang,Jiao-Min Ma,Meng-Ke Zhao,Chao Chen,Jin-Hua Gu,Shi-E Yang,Yong-Sheng Chen,Jing-Xiao Lu 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.58 No.2

Using values of the oxygen flux ratio (OFR = [O2]/[Ar]) ranging from 0 to 0.5, authors deposited a series of silver-oxide (Ag_xO) films on glass substrates by direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering (DC sputtering) at a substrate temperature of 150 ℃. The effect of the OFR on the film’s structural and optical properties was systematically investigated by using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and spectrophotometry. The Ag_xO films deposited clearly show an evolution of the film’s phase structure from the biphased (Ag + Ag_2O) structure to the biphased (AgO + Ag_2O) structure and then to the single-phased (Ag_2O) structure as value of the OFR increases. Accordingly, the film’s surface morphology, related to the film’s crystalline structure, clearly changes from a loose and porous surface structure to a compact surface structure and then to a pyramid-like surface structure with increasing value of the OFR. The novel porous structure may be attributed to the interruption of the silver’s growth course by the AgO on the film’s surface. Notably, a single-phased Ag_2O film is deposited by DC-sputtering at OFR = 0.5 due to the dual effects of thermal decomposition of the AgO phase and a combination reaction of AgO and Ag to Ag_2O. The oscillations both in the film’s reflectivity and transmissivity spectra are strengthened with increasing OFR, indicating an evolution from the metallic behavior of the biphased (Ag + Ag_2O) film to the dielectric behavior of the biphased (Ag_2O + AgO) film and the single-phased Ag2O film. The fitted optical absorption edges of the Ag_2O and the Ag_xO films deposited at values of the OFR of 0.5 and 0.33 are approximately 2.43 eV and 2.34 eV, respectively. The absorption edges are closely related to the direct interband transitions.

Sub Oriented Histograms of Local Binary Patterns for Smoke Detection and Texture Classification

( Feiniu Yuan ),( Jinting Shi ),( Xue Xia ),( Yong Yang ),( Yuming Fang ),( Rui Wang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2016 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.10 No.4

Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and its variants have powerful discriminative capabilities but most of them just consider each LBP code independently. In this paper, we propose sub oriented histograms of LBP for smoke detection and image classification. We first extract LBP codes from an image, compute the gradient of LBP codes, and then calculate sub oriented histograms to capture spatial relations of LBP codes. Since an LBP code is just a label without any numerical meaning, we use Hamming distance to estimate the gradient of LBP codes instead of Euclidean distance. We propose to use two coordinates systems to compute two orientations, which are quantized into discrete bins. For each pair of the two discrete orientations, we generate a sub LBP code map from the original LBP code map, and compute sub oriented histograms for all sub LBP code maps. Finally, all the sub oriented histograms are concatenated together to form a robust feature vector, which is input into SVM for training and classifying. Experiments show that our approach not only has better performance than existing methods in smoke detection, but also has good performance in texture classification.

Extremely Low Frequency Magnetic Field is an Environmental Stress Factor by Exerting Oxidative Stress

Park, Yong-Jin,Park, Won-Joo,Yim, Sung-Hyuk,Yang, Seong-Jun,Sun, Yuan Lu,Jeong, Ji-Hoon,Park, Eon-Sub The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology 2007 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol. No.

The previous study reported the biological effect of magnetic field exerted by acting on endocrine and anti-oxidant system. The present study aims to study whether ELF-MF (extremely low frequency magnetic field) affects the physiological endocrine systems such as thyroid and whether ELF-MF affects the defense system against oxidative stress when it alters the function of thyroid. Finally, we correlate the effects of MF on oxidative stress, and adrenal and thyroid with an environmental stress factor. We exposed sham or MF to rats for 5 or 25 days. After the exposure, we determined pain sensitivity, level of TSH, $T_3$ and free $T_4$ in plasma. We also assayed in whole brain, lipid peroxidation, the activity of enzymatic anti-oxidant defense including superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and non enzymatic defense such as reduced or oxidized glutathione contents. MF induced the hypersensitivity to thermal stimuli with the reduction of latency. $T_3$ and $T_4$ levels were also increased by the exposure of MF. In addition, we observed the rise of MDA level in rat brain by MF although the MF did not change superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity. The effect of MF on both reduced and oxidized glutathione results in decrease in reduced or oxidized glutathione in whole brain. In every experiment, there was no significant difference in MF influence between short term (5 days) and long term (25 days) exposure. Taken together, MF exposure affects the thyroid hormonal control in brain. The elevated thyroid hormone acts on brain, leading to hyper-utilization of oxygen. This phenomenon may be correlated with oxidative stress resulting from MF exposure. In conclusion, we suggest that MF exposure may be an environmental stress by exerting oxidative stress.