THE IMPACT OF REGULATORY FOCUS ON NONLINEAR REWARD GRADIENT BEHAVIOR

Woo Li Ko,Tae Ho Song 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2024 Global Fashion Management Conference Vol.2024 No.07

THE ROLE OF TIME IN CONSUMER REACTIONS TO SCARCITY APPEAL

Woo Li Ko,Sungkyu Lee 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2023 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2023 No.07

This study examined the combined effects of scarcity appeals and time remaining from the travel date on attitudes toward advertising and purchase intention. The results lead to a rationale for disparate advertising strategies of scarcity appeals considering the temporal distance of a consumer's hotel booking.

A STUDY OF STRATEGIC ALLIANCES, MARKETING CAPABILITY, AND FIRM VALUE

Woo Li Ko,Sang Yong Kim,Jong-Ho Lee 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

The purpose of this study is to assess the role of marketing to the area of strategic alliances. We suggest that marketing capability – the ability to deploy resources to serve customers better- is a key determinant that facilitates value creation in strategic alliances. Specifically, we investigate the interaction effects of marketing capability on performance of strategic alliance experience and types of strategic alliances (introducing three types: SI-SF alliance, AI-SF alliance and AI-DF alliance), and whether these interaction effects are moderated by high vs. low technological industry. This study analyzed the panel data from 39 international firms and their 2,158 alliances during the period 1994 - 2014, 21 firms from computer industry (high-tech industry) and 18 firms from food industry (low-tech industry), respectively. The results indicate that the contribution of marketing capability on the relationships between alliance experience, types of strategic alliances and firm value varies with environmental contexts. First, when a firm has strong marketing capability, the effect of strategic alliance experience on firm value is greater than those of firms with low marketing capability. Also, the strength of its interaction effect is lower in high-tech industry than low-tech industry. Second, when a firm has strong marketing capability, the effects of three different types of strategic alliances on firm value are greater than those of firms with low marketing capability. However, their interaction effects to firm value were significant only in high-tech industry. Specifically, when a firm has strong marketing capability, the stock market reacts most favorably to the AI-DF alliance than those of SI-SF alliance and AI-SF alliance in high-tech industry. In contrast, even a firm has strong marketing capability, the stock market reacts favorably only to AI-SF alliance in low-tech industry. In sum, our research suggests that the interactive performance impact of marketing capability to the strategic alliance experience and the types of strategic alliances can be obtained in particular environmental contexts.

Effects of BAP and NAA on Plant Regeneration from Flower Bud of Atractylodes macrocephala

Woo-Li Ko,Ji-Hui Byeon,Su-Hee Jeon,Moung-Su Kim,Joon-Hyeong Cho 한국작물학회 2010 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.04

This research was conducted to identify the effect of BAP and NAA on plant regeneration from flower bud of A. macrocephala. Flower buds the plant were used as target explants for tissue culture. Plant tissues were sterilized with each 45ml of 50% ethanol and 0.8% sodium hypochlorite containing 20ul of Tween20 for each 5 minutes, respectively, and then washed 5 times with sterile distilled water. Four pieces of the sterilized explants were cultured in a petri-dish at 25±2℃ under 16hr/day light condition. LS basal medium and BAP (0.2 and 2 mg·L-1) and NAA (0.2 and 2 mg·L-1) were used for the experiment. When the target explants were cultured on the media containing both BAP and NAA, explants of the flower buds were swelled about 15~25mm long and then calli were induced from receptacles at about 20 days after planting. However, there were no significant differences between the concentrations of the phytohormones. In results, normal shoots were successfully regenerated on the media supplemented with 2 mg·L-1 BAP and 0.2 mg·L-1 NAA prior to root induction. However, under the conditions of 0.2 mg·L-1 BAP and 2 mg·L-1 NAA, only roots were induced from the calli instead of shoot regeneration.

Lrfn2-Mutant Mice Display Suppressed Synaptic Plasticity and Inhibitory Synapse Development and Abnormal Social Communication and Startle Response

Li, Yan,Kim, Ryunhee,Cho, Yi Sul,Song, Woo Seok,Kim, Doyoun,Kim, Kyungdeok,Roh, Junyeop Daniel,Chung, Changuk,Park, Hanwool,Yang, Esther,Kim, Soo-Jeong,Ko, Jaewon,Kim, Hyun,Kim, Myoung-Hwan,Bae, Yong- Society for Neuroscience 2018 The Journal of neuroscience Vol.38 No.26

<P>SALM1 (SALM (synaptic adhesion-like molecule), also known as LRFN2 (leucine rich repeat and fibronectin type III domain containing), is a postsynaptic density (PSD)-95-interacting synaptic adhesion molecule implicated in the regulation of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) clustering largely based on in vitro data, although its in vivo functions remain unclear. Here, we found that mice lacking SALM1/LRFN2 (Lrfn2(-/-) mice) show a normal density of excitatory synapses but altered excitatory synaptic function, including enhanced NMDAR-dependent synaptic transmission but suppressed NMDAR-dependent synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal CA1 region. Unexpectedly, SALM1expression was detected in both glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons and Lrfn2(-/-) CA1 pyramidal neurons showed decreases in the density of inhibitory synapses and the frequency of spontaneous inhibitory synaptic transmission. Behaviorally, ultrasonic vocalization was suppressed in Lrfn2(-/-) pups separated from their mothers and acoustic startle was enhanced, but locomotion, anxiety-like behavior, social interaction, repetitive behaviors, and learning and memory were largely normal in adult male Lrfn2(-/-) mice. These results suggest that SALM1/LRFN2 regulates excitatory synapse function, inhibitory synapse development, and social communication and startle behaviors in mice.</P>

A study on flow distribution for integrated hybrid actuator by analysis of reed valve

Jangmi Woo,Nam Seo Goo,Yong Zhe Li,Seung-Hwan Kang,Han Seo Ko 대한기계학회 2016 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.30 No.5

Many studies have been conducted recently on an integrated hybrid actuator due to the increasing need for unmanned aircraft and guided weapons. In this study, flow distribution was analyzed for a reed valve which was used for flow regulation to improve the performance of the actuator. By using a Fluid structural interaction (FSI) technique with Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) having a moving mesh, numerical analysis was performed according to the thickness, shape and driving frequency of the reed valve. From the calculated results, the maximum performance of the reed valve was found at the valve thickness of 0.15 mm and the driving frequency of 250 Hz for a no-load state. The optimum thickness and shape for the valve for each driving frequency were also realized.

도요타의 하이브리드 자동차 보급 사례 분석을 통한 일본 전기자동차 시장에 대한 전망

고우리,김경환,Ko, Woo Li,Kim, Kyunghwan 부산대학교 경영연구원 2024 Journal of East Asia Management Vol.5 No.1

About 100 years after the start of mass production by American car maker Ford in 1913, the automobile industry has come to a major transformation in 100 years. In this transformation period, automakers are facing the biggest challenge of converting power sources, the basis of automobiles, from existing internal combustion engines to electric vehicles. Hybrid vehicles have been released in Japan since the late 1990s, and changes in automobile power sources have occurred early. In order to gain global leadership in hybrid vehicles, Japanese automakers and the Japanese government joined forces to promote the growth of the domestic hybrid vehicle market. The government has implemented a policy to substantially subsidize the high price of hybrid cars compared to internal combustion engine cars by providing purchase subsidies and tax benefits to buyers. Toyota has increased its line-up of hybrid cars around the Prius and has further strengthened communication with customers for the sale of hybrid vehicles. As a result of continuing these efforts for about 20 years, the percentage of Japan's hybrid vehicle market in 2022 reached 51% for passenger cars. Recently, each country has been setting and promoting aggressive goals for electric vehicles that require a wider range of physical and institutional infrastructure than hybrid vehicles. This study aims to assess the growth of electric vehicles by looking at the trend of hybrid vehicles and how they've been distributed in the Japanese market.

아라키돈산과 철 유도성 산화적 스트레스에 대한 김앵자(金櫻子) 열수 추출물의 간세포 보호 효능

고해리 ( Hae Li Ko ),제갈경환 ( Kyung Hwan Jegal ),송시연 ( Si Yeon Song ),김난이 ( Nan Ee Kim ),강지원 ( Jiwon Kang ),변성희 ( Sung Hui Byun ),김영우 ( Young Woo Kim ),조일제 ( Il Je Cho ),김상찬 ( Sang Chan Kim ) 대한본초학회 2015 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.30 No.6

Objectives : Rosa laevigata Michx. has been used for the treatment of renal disease in traditional Korean medicine. In this study, we investigated cytoprotective effect of R. laevigata water extract (RLE) against oxidative stress induced by arachidonic acid (AA) + iron. Methods : To evaluate the protective effects of RLE against AA + iron-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cell, cell viability and changes on apoptosis-related proteins were assessed by MTT and immunoblot analyses. The effects of RLE on reduced glutathione level, production of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential were also monitored. Furthermore, to verify underlying molecular mechanism, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was examined by immunoblot analysis. Additionally, Nrf2 transactivation and its downstream target genes expression were also determined by reporter gene and realtime RT-PCR analyses. Results : RLE pretreatment (30-300 μg/ml) prevented cells from AA + iron-mediated cell death in a concentration dependent manner. In addition, 100 μg/ml RLE inhibited AA + iron-induced glutathione depletion, reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial dysfunction. RLE accumulated nuclear Nrf2 and also transactivated Nrf2, which was evidenced by antioxidant response element- and glutathione S-transferase A2-driven luciferase activities and mRNA level of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 and sestrin 2. Moreover, protective effect of RLE against AA + iron was abolished in Nrf2 knockout cells. Conclusions : These results indicate that RLE has the ability to protect hepatocyte against oxidative stress through Nrf2 activation.

Autologous fat grafting and platelet-rich plasma for treatment of facial contour defects

( Eun Jung Ko ),( Sun Young Choi ),( In Su Kim ),( Woo Sun Jang ),( Kui Young Park ),( Kap Sok Li ),( Beom Joon Kim ),( Seong Jun Seo ),( Myeung Nam Kim ),( Chang Kwun Hong ) 대한피부과학회 2012 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.64 No.1

결합된 파라메트릭 활성함수를 이용한 완전연결신경망의 성능 향상

고영민 ( Young Min Ko ),이붕항 ( Peng Hang Li ),고선우 ( Sun Woo Ko ) 한국정보처리학회 2022 정보처리학회논문지. 소프트웨어 및 데이터 공학 Vol.11 No.1

완전연결신경망은 다양한 문제를 해결하는데 널리 사용되고 있다. 완전연결신경망에서 비선형활성함수는 선형변환 값을 비선형 변환하여 출력하는 함수로써 비선형 문제를 해결하는데 중요한 역할을 하며 다양한 비선형활성함수들이 연구되었다. 본 연구에서는 완전연결신경망의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 결합된 파라메트릭 활성함수를 제안한다. 결합된 파라메트릭 활성함수는 간단히 파라메트릭 활성함수들을 더함으로써 만들어낼 수 있다. 파라메트릭 활성함수는 입력데이터에 따라 활성함수의 크기와 위치를 변환시키는 파라미터를 도입하여 손실함수를 최소화하는 방향으로 최적화할 수 있는 함수이다. 파라메트릭 활성함수들을 결합함으로써 더욱 다양한 비선형간격을 만들어낼 수 있으며 손실함수를 최소화하는 방향으로 파라메트릭 활성함수들의 파라미터를 최적화할 수 있다. MNIST 분류문제와 Fashion MNIST 분류문제를 통하여 결합된 파라메트릭 활성함수의 성능을 실험하였고 그 결과 기존에 사용되는 비선형활성함수, 파라메트릭 활성함수보다 우수한 성능을 가짐을 확인하였다. Deep neural networks are widely used to solve various problems. In a fully connected neural network, the nonlinear activation function is a function that nonlinearly transforms the input value and outputs it. The nonlinear activation function plays an important role in solving the nonlinear problem, and various nonlinear activation functions have been studied. In this study, we propose a combined parametric activation function that can improve the performance of a fully connected neural network. Combined parametric activation functions can be created by simply adding parametric activation functions. The parametric activation function is a function that can be optimized in the direction of minimizing the loss function by applying a parameter that converts the scale and location of the activation function according to the input data. By combining the parametric activation functions, more diverse nonlinear intervals can be created, and the parameters of the parametric activation functions can be optimized in the direction of minimizing the loss function. The performance of the combined parametric activation function was tested through the MNIST classification problem and the Fashion MNIST classification problem, and as a result, it was confirmed that it has better performance than the existing nonlinear activation function and parametric activation function.