Cloning and mRNA Expression Analysis of the Gene Encoding Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase of the Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Tricholoma matsutake

( Hyeok Jun Yoon1 ),( Young Hyun You ),( Ye Eun Kim ),( Young Ja Kim ),( Won Sik Kong ),( Jong Guk Kim ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.8

The ectomycorrhizal fungus Tricholoma matsutake grows symbiotically with Pinus densiflora. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (E.C. 4.3.1.24) catalyzes the conversion of L-phenylalanine to trans-cinnamic acid. The role of fungal phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, however, has not been clear until now. In this study, the gene encoding phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), which was isolated from T. matsutake, was cloned and characterized. The PAL gene (tmpal) consists of 2,160 nucleotides, coding for a polypeptide containing 719 amino acid residues. The deduced amino acid sequence of tmpal from T. matsutake shows high identity (70%) with that from Laccaria bicolor. Comparative analysis of the PAL genes among T. matsutake and other species of the class Agaricomycetes showed that both active sites and binding sites were significantly conserved among these genes. The transcriptional analysis of the PAL gene revealed a differential gene expression pattern depending on the developmental stages (mycelium, primordium, stipe, pileus, and gills) of T. matsutake. These results suggest that the PAL gene in T. matsutake plays an important role in multiple physiological functions.

온수배관을 이용한 온실의 난방성능

윤용철(Yong Cheol Yoon),신익수(Yik Soo Shin),김현태(Hyeon Tae Kim),배승범(Seoung Beom Bae),최진식(Jin Sik Choi),서원명(Won Myung Suh) (사)한국생물환경조절학회 2012 생물환경조절학회지 Vol.21 No.2

본 연구는 온실의 난방 에너지 절감을 목적으로 온실 내부에 알루미늄 온수배관을 설치하여 난방효과에 대한 기초자료를 구축하고자 수행되었다. 그 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 전체 실험을 포함하여 온실내의 높이별 온도편차는 4.0~7.0℃ 정도의 범위로서 그 차이가 크게 나타났다. 팬코일유니트(FCU)를 작동시킨 경우가 작동시키지 않은 경우에 비해 유출입수의 온도차가 3.3℃ 정도 크고, 소비전력량은 36.2~40.1% 정도 증가하였으며, 시간당 방열량은 44.6~52.0% 정도 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 실험기간동안 순환유량은 0.48~0.49L · s<SUP>?1</SUP> 정도의 범위에 있었고, 평균유속은 1.53~1.56m · s<SUP>?1</SUP> 정도였다. 유출입수의 평균 온도차는 6.24~11.50℃이었다. 최저 외기온 ?14.0~?0.6℃ 범위에서 설정온도별 방열량은 135,930~307,150㎉ 정도의 범위로서 시간당 9,610~19,630㎉ · h<SUP>?1</SUP> 정도의 범위에 있었다. 이것은 최대난방부하의 약 23~53% 정도의 난방에너지를 공급할 수 있을 것으로 나타났다. 전체 방열량과 소비전력량은 각각 2,548,306㎉ 및 3,075.7㎾h이다. 화석연료인 경유로 난방할 경우, 소요되는 경유의 총 소비량은 281.6L 정도이고 비용은 321,000won인 것으로 나타났다. 농가용 전력요금을 적용하면 전력사용에 대한 총비용은 110,730won 정도로서 경유 소비 비용의 33.5% 정도로 나타났다. 실험구의 온도가 대조구보다 약 8.3~14.6℃ 정도 높게 나타났다. This research was conducted to obtain basic data with regard to the heating performance that would be produced by installing an aluminum hot water pipe inside the greenhouse with the goal of reducing the heating energy in greenhouse. The research results are summarized as follows. The degree of difference in relation to the temperature by height within the greenhouse during the entire experiment was significant - within the range of 4.0~7.0℃. The temperature difference between incoming and outgoing water was about 3.3℃ greater when FCU was activated compared to when it was not activated. Meanwhile, the amount of energy consumed increased about 36.2~40.1%. The amount of pyrexia per hour also increased by 44.6~52.0%. During the experiment period, circulated flux was within the range of 0.48~0.49 L · s<SUP>?1</SUP> while average fluid speed was 1.53~1.56 m · s<SUP>?1</SUP>. The average temperature difference between incoming and outgoing water was 6.24~11.50℃. The amount of heating value by each set temperature within the minimum outdoor temperature range of ?14.0~?0.6℃ was 135,930~307,150 ㎉, and the range was within the 9,610~19,630 ㎉ · h<SUP>?1</SUP> per hour. This demonstrated that about 23~53% heating energy of the maximum heating load could be supplied. Total radiating value and amount of energy consumed were 2,548,306 ㎉ and 3,075.7 ㎾h, respectively. When heating takes place using oil, which is a fossil fuel, the total amount of light oil consumed was 281.6 L while the cost was 321,000 won. When the electricity cost for farms is applied, the total cost was about 110,730 won, which is about 33.5% of the cost required compared to oil consumption. The temperature at in the experiment area was about 8.3~14.6℃ higher compared to that of the control area.

Treatment with phosphodiester CpG-ODN ameliorates atopic dermatitis by enhancing TGF-β signaling

( Won-kook Ham ),( Eun-jung Lee ),( Myung Shin Jeon ),( Hae-young Kim ),( Gaurav Agrahari ),( Eun-joo An ),( Chul Hwan Bang ),( Doo-sik Kim ),( Tae-yoon Kim ) 생화학분자생물학회 2021 BMB Reports Vol.54 No.2

Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) containing unmethylated CpG phosphorothioate (PS CpG-ODN) are known to decrease IgE synthesis in Th2 allergy responses. Nonetheless, the therapeutic role of PS CpG-ODN is limited due to cytotoxicity. Therefore, we developed a phosphodiester (PO) form of CpG-ODN (46O) with reduced toxicity but effective against allergies. In this study, we first compared the toxicity of 46O with CpG-ODNs containing a PS backbone (1826S). We also investigated the therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of 46O injected intravenously in a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)- induced atopic dermatitis (AD). To elucidate the mechanism of 46O underlying the inhibition of IgE production, IgE- and TGF-β-associated molecules were evaluated in CD40/IL-4- or LPS/IL-4-stimulated B cells. Our data showed that the treatment with 46O was associated with a lower hematological toxicity compared with 1826S. In addition, injection with 46O reduced erythema, epidermal thickness, and suppressed IgE and IL-4 synthesis in mice with OVA-induced AD. Additionally, 46O induced TGF-β production in LPS/IL-4-stimulated B cells via inhibition of Smad7, which suppressed IgE synthesis via interaction between Id2 and E2A. These findings suggest that enhanced TGF-β signaling is an effective treatment for IgE-mediated allergic conditions, and 46O may be safe and effective for treating allergic diseases such as AD and asthma. [BMB Reports 2021; 54(2): 142-147]

Ceramic-on-Ceramic Total Hip Arthroplasty: Minimum of Six-Year Follow-up Study

Won Sik Choy,김갑중,이상기,Kyoung Wan Bae,Yoon-Sub Hwang,Chang Kyu Park 대한정형외과학회 2013 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.5 No.3

Background: This study examines the clinical and radiologic results of ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasties with regard towear, osteolysis, and fracture of the ceramic after a minimum follow-up of six years. Methods: We evaluated the results of a consecutive series of 148 primary ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasties that hadbeen performed between May 2001 and October 2005 in 142 patients. The mean age was 57.2 years (range, 23 to 81 years). Themean follow-up period was 7.8 years (range, 6.1 to 10.1 years). Preoperative diagnosis was avascular necrosis in 77 hips (52%),degenerative arthritis in 36 hips (24.3%), femur neck fracture in 18 hips (12.2%), rheumatoid arthritis in 15 hips (10.1%), and septichip sequelae in 2 hips (1.4%). Clinical results were evaluated with the Harris hip score, and the presence of postoperative groinor thigh pain. Radiologic analysis was done with special attention in terms of wear, periprosthetic osteolysis, and ceramic failures. Results: The mean Harris hip score improved from 58.3 (range, 10 to 73) to 92.5 (range, 79 to 100) on the latest follow-up evaluation. At final follow-up, groin pain was found in 4 hips (2.7%), and thigh pain was found in 6 hips (4.1%). Radiologically, all femoralstems demonstrated stable fixations without loosening. Radiolucent lines were observed around the stem in 25 hips (16.9%), andaround the cup in 4 hips (2.7%). Endosteal new bone formation was observed around the stem in 95 hips (64.2%) and around thecup in 88 hips (59.5%). No osteolysis was observed around the stem and cup. There were 2 hips (1.4%) of inclination changes ofacetabular cup, 2 hips (1.4%) of hip dislocation, 1 hip (0.7%) of ceramic head fracture, and 1 hip (0.7%) of squeaking. The Kaplan-Meier survival rate of the prostheses was 98.1% at postoperative 7.8 years. Conclusions: The ceramic-on-ceramic total hip arthroplasty produced excellent clinical results and implant survival rates with nodetectable osteolysis on a minimum six-year follow-up study. The ceramic-on-ceramic couplings could be a reasonable option ofprimary total hip arthroplasty for variable indications.

Biocatalytic Production of Aldehyde by a Methanol Utilizing Yeast, Hansenula nonfermentans KYP-1 Grown in Methanol-limited Continuous Culture

Yoon, Byung Dae,Kim, Hee Sik,Kwon, Tae Jong,Yang, Ji Won,Kwon, Gi Seok,Lee, Hyun Sun,Ahn, Jong Seog,Mheen, Tae Ick 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 1992 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.2 No.4

Aldehyde production by cells of a methanol utilizing yeast, Hansenula nonfermentans KYP-1 was improved when they were grown in a methanol-limited continuous culture, in comparison with cells grown in a batch culture. A higher cell yield was also obtained in continuous culture than in batch culture. This could be due to the fact that a lower methanol concentration was maintained in the jar fermentor to minimize growth inhibition by methanol. A maximum cell productivity of 0.219 g·liter^-1·hr^-1 and a cell yield of 47% were obtained at dilution rates of 0.1 hr^-1 and 0.06 hr^-1, respectively. The greatest amount of aldehyde was measured at a dilution rate of 0.08 hr^-1. Under optimum reaction conditions, 915.7 mM of acetaldehyde was produced from 1.5 M ethanol after 21 hours' reaction, with a conversion rate of 61%. Propionaldehyde and acrolein were produced with conversion rates of 32.7% and 44%, respectively.

수치모형을 이용한 사방댐 설치위치에 따른 토석류 저감량 분석

Won Jun Tak,Kye W on Jun,Byung Sik Kim,Yong Ho Yoon 위기관리 이론과 실천 2017 Crisisonomy Vol.13 No.4

최근 국내에서는 이상기온으로 인한 국지성 폭우와 여름철 태풍 및 집중호우로 인한 다양한 재해가 발생되고 있으며 재해유형중에서도 산지재해에 속하는 토석류가 급증하고 있다. 토석류는 산지에서 일어나는 것으로 한정하기 쉬우나, 도심과 인접한 산지지역에서 토석류가 발생하여 도심지 및 고속 도로, 교량 등에 큰 피해를 불러오기도 한다. 이처럼 토석류는 산지와 도심지 모두 발생 위험성이 높고 피해범위 또한 예측이 쉽지 않아 토석류에 대해 여러분야로 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 이 중에 서도 토석류를 제어하는 가장 효과적인 구조물로 토석류 유출방지시설에 대한 연구가 많이 이루어 지고 있지만 토석류가 발생하거나 또는 토석류 위험지역의 유역특성이나 현장여건을 적용한 토석류 유출저감시설의 위치에 대한 연구는 미비한 상태이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 토석류 수치모형을 이용하여 토석류 발생시 이동 메커니즘과 토석류 유출방지시설의 위치별 저감효과를 분석하였다. Recently, South Korea has been facing a range of disasters caused by localized heavy rainfalls, tropical typhoon, and torrential downpours. In particular, debris flows disasters usually occurring in the mountains have rapidly increased during the past few years. However, debris flows are also observed in mountainous areas near cities, bringing significant damages to city centers, highways, bridges, etc. Thereby, debris flows can lead to high risk in both mountainous areas and city centers. In addition, difficulties in debris-flow forecasting increase the need for numerical studies on debris flows. Although various researches have widely been conducted on run-off control facilities for debris flows, it is necessary to focus more on research that would identify an ideal location for debris flow runoff reduction facilities based on basin characteristics or site conditions for the debris flow areas. In this regard, this research used a debris flow numerical model to identify the transfer mechanism of debris flows and analyzed the debris flow reduction effect of runoff control facilities by the installation location.

Applicability of histoculture drug response assays in colorectal cancer chemotherapy.

Yoon, Yong Sik,Kim, Chan Wook,Roh, Seon Ae,Cho, Dong Hyung,Kim, Gyu Pyo,Hong, Yong Sang,Kim, Tae Won,Kim, Moon Bo,Kim, Jin Cheon Potamitis Press 2012 Anticancer research Vol.32 No.8

<P>The present study, using the histoculture drug response assay (HDRA) compared chemosensitivity with the clinical response of a treatment regime in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC).</P>

The survivin suppressant YM155 potentiates chemosensitivity to gemcitabine in the human pancreatic cancer cell line MiaPaCa-2.

Yoon, Dok Hyun,Shin, Jae-Sik,Jin, Dong-Hoon,Hong, Seung-Woo,Jung, Kyung A,Kim, Seung-Mi,Hong, Yong Sang,Kim, Kyu-Pyo,Lee, Jae-Lyun,Suh, Cheolwon,Lee, Jung Shin,Kim, Tae Won Potamitis Press 2012 Anticancer research Vol.32 No.5

<P>Survivin is a negative regulator of apoptosis. We evaluated the efficacy of YM155, a selective suppressant of survivin, in combination with gemcitabine in the pancreatic cancer cell line MiaPaCa-2.</P>

Designing 1,5-Naphthyridine-2,6-dione-Based Conjugated Polymers for Higher Crystallinity and Enhanced Light Absorption to Achieve 9.63% Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells

Yoon, Won Sik,Kim, Dong Won,Choi, Min-Woo,Park, Jun-Mo,Park, Soo Young Wiley (John WileySons) 2018 Advanced energy materials Vol.8 No.2

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of Histone H1 Correlates with Internucleosomal DNA Fragmentation during Apoptosis

Yoon, Yoo Sik,Kim, Jin Woo,Kang, Ke Won,Kim, Young Sang,Choi, Kyung Hee,Joe, Cheol O 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1997 생물공학연구지 Vol.5 No.-

The biochemical role of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation on internucleosomal DNA fragmentation associated with apoptosis was investigated in HL 60 human premyelocytic leukemia cells. It was found that UV light and chemotherapeutic drugs including adriamycin, mitomycin C, and cisplatin increased poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of nuclear proteins, particularly histone H1. A poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, 3-aminobenzamide, prevented both internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and histone H1 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in cells treated with the apoptosis inducers. When nuclear chromation was made accessible to the exogenous nuclease in a permeabilized cell system. chromatin of UV-treated cells was more susceptible to micrococcal nuclease than the chromatin of control cells. Suppression of histone H1 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation by 3-aminobenzamide reduced the micrococcal unclease digestibility of internucleosomal chromatin in UV-treated cells. These results suggest that the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of histone H1 correlates with the internucleosomal DNA fragmentation during apoptosis mediated by DNA damaging agents. This suggestion is supported by the finding that xeroderma pigmentosum cells which are defective in introducing incision at the site of DNA damage, failed to induce DNA fragmentation as well as histone H1 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation after UV irradiation. We propose that poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of histone H1 protein in the early stage of apoptosis facilitates internucleosomal DNA fragmentation by increasing the susceptibility of chromatin to cellular endonuclease.