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Chu Van Men,강종성,장유선,Kwan Jun Lee,이제현,TRANHONG QUANG,Nguyen Van Long,Hoang Van Luong,김영호 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.12
A quantitative and pattern recognition analyses were conducted for quality evaluation of Kalopanacis Cortex (KC) using HPLC. For quantitative analysis, four bioactive compounds, liriodendrin, pinoresinol O-β-D-glucopyranoside, acanthoside B and kalopanaxin B, were determined. The analysis method was optimized and validated using ODS column with mobile phase of methanol and aqueous phosphoric acid. The validation gave acceptable linearities (r > 0.9995), recoveries (98.4% to 101.9%) and precisions (RSD < 2.20). The limit of detection of compounds ranged from 0.4 to 0.9 μg/mL. Among the four compounds, liriodendrin was recommended as a marker compound for the quality control of KC. The pattern analysis was successfully carried out by analyzing thirty two samples from four species, and the authentic KC samples were completely discriminated from other inauthentic species by linear discriminant analysis. The results indicated that the method was suitable for the quantitative analysis of liriodendrin and the quality evaluation of KC.
Effect of Molasses on Nutritional Quality of Cassava and Gliricidia Tops Silage
Van Man, Ngo,Wiktorsson, Hans Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.9
The study aimed to evaluate the influence of molasses in ensiling cassava and Gliricidia tops, common crop residues in the farming systems of Vietnam. Four levels of sugarcane molasses: 0, 30, 60 and 90 kg per tonne of fresh material, and two storage periods (2 and 4 months) for each of the two plant species: Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) and Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium, Jacq.) were allocated in a 4${\times}$2 factorial completely randomized block design with 3 replicates. A total of 48 plastic bags, each one containing 10 kg herbage were used. Based on the colour, smell and mold appearance, all the silages were considered to be acceptable but with more spoiled silages with higher levels of additives. DM of herbages (25.8% and 22.4% in cassava and Gliricidia tops, respectively) were not changed during ensiling and the molasses additive had no significant effect on the silage DM. Contents of CP and NDF in the cassava tops silage decreased significantly with increased level of molasses and storage period, respectively. The mean pH values of non-molasses silages were 4.39 in cassava tops and 4.60 in Gliricidia tops. Increased additive levels significantly reduced silage pH in Gliricidia (p<0.01) but not in cassava tops silage (p=0.10). Longer storage period significantly reduced pH in both silages. The water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentrations of cassava tops and Gliricidia tops were reduced by 90 and 80%, respectively, after ensiling. Molasses addition increased significantly the silage WSC concentrations. HCN contents in the fresh cassava and Gliricidia tops were reduced by 68 and 43%, respectively, after 2 months ensiling, and were continuously reduced during storage. A reduction of 25% and 42% in the tannin content of fresh cassava and Gliricidia tops, respectively was found after ensiling. Storage time and molasses additive had little affect on the tannin content. Silage lactic acid concentrations were around 1,0% of DM in cassava and 1.7% of DM in Gliricidia top silages, and no effect of molasses additive and storage time was found. It is concluded that cassava and Gliricidia tops residues can be preserved successfully by ensiling, and only low levels of molasses additive are needed to improve silage fermentation.
Van Men Truong,Ming-Kun Yang,Hsiharng Yang 한국정밀공학회 2019 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.6 No.4
Two kinds of non-platinum metal catalysts, 40 wt% Ag/C (Ag/C) prepared using the impregnation method and commercial nano-silver powder (commercial Ag) were used as the cathode catalysts in alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFC). In the surface measurement and elemental composition analysis of the prepared Ag/C catalyst, XRD revealed that the silver nanoparticles were successfully produced and attached onto the carbon black supporter. In addition, SEM and TEM analyses showed the silver nanoparticle size catalyst was less than 20 nm in the synthesized Ag/C. EDX and TGA analyses confirmed that the actual Ag loading in the Ag/C catalyst was near the calculated value in the synthesis procedure. For AEMFC performance tests, the results showed that the maximum power densities using Ag/C, commercial Ag, and Pt/C as the cathode catalysts were 200 mW cm−2 at 0.4 V, 105 mW cm−2 at 0.3 V, and 207 mW cm−2 at 0.5 V which were consistent with the CVs and LSV characterizations. These results indicated that the performance of tested AEMFC with Ag/C and commercial Ag catalysts was 3.5% and 49.3% less than that of AEMFC with Pt/C, respectively. This study successfully implemented non-Pt catalyst for the cathode electrode in AEMFC applications.
Van Man, Ngo,Wiktorsson, Hans Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2001 Animal Bioscience Vol.14 No.5
Two experiments on the effects of molasses additive on cassava tops silage quality to its feed intake and digestibility by growing Holstein$\times$local crossbred heifers were carried out. Sixteen plastic bags of one meter diameter and two meters length were allocated in a $2{\times}2$ factorial design with four replicates in the ensiling study, with and without the molasses additive and with two storage times (2 and 3 months). The silage produced in the first experiment was used in the feed intake and digestibility study. Six crossbred Holstein heifers, 160-180 kg live weight, were randomly allocated in a $3{\times}2$ change-over design to three treatments: Guinea grass ad libitum, 70% of grass ad libitum with a supplement of non-molasses cassava silage ad libitum, and 70% of grass ad libitum with a supplement of molasses cassava silage ad libitum. Ensiling was shown to be a satisfactory method for preservation of cassava tops. The HCN content was significantly reduced from $840mg\;kg^{-1}$ to 300 or $130mg\;kg^{-1}$, depending on storage period. The tannin content was not significantly changed. Molasses additive resulted in lower pH, Crude Protein (CP), NDF and higher DM content but did not otherwise affect chemical composition. The voluntary feed intake per 100 kg live weight of the heifers was 2.59, 2.65 and 2.91 kg DM of Guinea grass, non-molasses cassava tops silage and molasses cassava tops silage diet, respectively. Crude protein intake was significantly improved in the cassava tops silage diets. The apparent digestibility of DM, OM, CP, NDF and ADF decreased with the silage supplement diets. No significant difference in digestibility was found between the non-molasses and molasses silage diets. The digestibility coefficient of DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF in non-molasses cassava tops silage and molasses cassava tops silage was 49.4, 52.1, 45.81, 36.6, 27.7 and 49.7, 51.9, 47.55, 28.1, 19.5, respectively. It is concluded that cassava tops can be preserved successfully by ensiling and that cassava tops silage is a good feed resource for cattle.
The Effect of Replacing Grass with Urea Treated Fresh Rice Straw in Dairy Cow Diet
Van Man, Ngo,Wiktorsson, Hans Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2001 Animal Bioscience Vol.14 No.8
Nine tons of fresh rice straw from early-maturing varieties was ensiled with 50 g urea $kg^{-1}$ DM straw in plastic bags immediately after threshing. Five months after storage, preserved straw was used to partially replace elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum, Schumach) for lactating cows. Eight crossbred Holstein lactating cows (75% of Holstein blood) in their second to fourth lactation and in mid-lactation were arranged in a balanced design with two squares consisting of $4\;periods{\times}4\;treatments$ (100% grass ad lib. as a control; 75% grass+urea treated fresh rice straw (UTrFRS) ad lib.; 50% grass+UTrFRS ad lib.; 25% grass+UTrFRS ad libitum) in one square. A concentrate supplement was given at a rate of 400 g per day per kg of milk produced. Samples of fresh straw taken in the field and UTrFRS and elephant grass taken at feeding time were evaluated in a degradation trial with 3 fistulated heifers (undefined blood ratio of crossbred of Sindhi and local yellow cattle). Straw preserved for 5-9 months was in nearly all cases of good quality. Crude protein (CP) content was increased 2.1 fold and 48 h dry matter loss (DML) was 20% higher compared to dry straw. Elephant grass cultivated intensively was low in DM content and 10% higher in 48 h DML compared to UTrFRS. Dry matter intake (DMI) was higher for the mixture of UtrFRS and Elephant grass, and highest when one-third of the roughage was UTrFRS. Higher DMI of mixed roughage diets was probably due to the low DM content of elephant grass in the sole grass roughage diet. Increasing substitution of elephant grass with UTrFRS up to 75% of the roughage component increased milk fat content and had no effect on milk yield and other milk composition parameters. Feeding UTrFRS, partially replacing elephant grass in the diets of lactating cows in the dry season can reduce the cost of roughage.