Effects of pH Change by CO2 Induction and Salinity on the Hatching Rate of Artemia franciscana

Umme Salma,Md. Hasan Uddowla,이기훈,여영민,김현우 한국수산과학회 2012 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.15 No.2

To understand the effects of lower pH levels due to elevated CO2 and salinity, we designed and constructed a pH-control system that included automatic CO2 infusion and measured the hatching rate of a crustacean model species, Artemia franciscana. The pH-control system was cost-effective and capable of performing animal tests in which pH fluctuated around 8.0 ± 0.1, with the temperature around 27 ± 0.5°C. Hatching rate was observed under four different pH levels (7.0, 7.3, 7.6, and untreated control)combined with three salinity ranges (15, 25, and 35 ppt). The results demonstrated that lower pH levels led to decreased hatching rates regardless of salinity, and the minimum hatching rate was detected at pH 7.0 compared to the control (pH 8.0 ± 0.1), supporting the idea that OA has adverse effects on hatching rates and increases the risk of juveniles being

Artificial Polyploidy in Medicinal Plants: Advancement in the Last Two Decades and Impending Prospects

Umme Salma,Suprabuddha Kundu,Nirmal Mandal 한국작물학회 2017 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.20 No.1

Medicinal plants are in huge demand since the consumption is widespread and ever-increasing globally. The conventional breeding programs are generally environmental dependent; prone to different biotic and abiotic stresses as well as the secondary metabolite content is too low to harvest. In this context, developing polyploid individuals artificially would be a remarkable approach to increase vigor and attain this objective. Polyploids often exhibit some morphological features that are different or greater in forms than their diploid progenies. Polyploidization can be induced by quite a few antimitotic agents. The most frequently used antimitotic chemicals are colchicine, trifluralin, and oryzalin. The whole method of induced chromosome doubling consists of a series of steps, including an induction phase, regrowth phase, and a confirmation technique to evaluate the rate of achievement. The induction phase depends on different factors, such as explant types, antimitotic agents, its different concentrations, and exposure durations. To evaluate the accomplishment of polyploidization, morphological or anatomical observations are recorded as a rapid method. However, chromosome count and flow cytometry are the most eminent method for absolute confirmation. Despite significant prospects of polyploidization, there has been very little research on medicinal plants. The current review gives an overview of the different parameters of in vitro chromosome doubling, the history of the technique, and progress made over the last two decades.

Analysis of Tissue-specific RNA Editing Events of Genes Involved in RNA Editing in Arabidopsis thaliana

Umme Qulsum,Md. Thoufic Anam Azad,Toshifumi Tsukahara 한국식물학회 2019 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.62 No.5

In plants, RNA editing is a post-transcriptionalmodification of transcripts and commonly occurs in plastidsand mitochondria. In the case of flowering plants, not onlyPPR but also non-PPR proteins, such as MORF/RIP, ORRMand OZ partake in the diverse RNA editing complex. InArabidopsis thaliana, 12 types of RNA editing patterns havebeen predicted in nuclear, chloroplast, and mitochondrialtranscripts. In this study, tissue-specific RNA editing eventswere detected in gene families involved in RNA editing. Different Arabidopsis tissues at variable developmentalstages, including 4-, 8-, and 12-d-old seedlings and 16-, 21-,27-, and 32-d-old leaves, stems, stipes and roots, werecollected and used for this study. Nine types of RNA editingevents, including C-to-U, U-to-C, A-to-I, A-to-C, A-to-U, Gto-A, G-to-C, U-to-A and U-to-G, were identified in targetgenes. Most of the editing events occurred in seedlings andleaves and a few in stem tissues. Extensive U-to-C editing(60%) and A-to-G editing (54%) was detected in 12-d-oldseedlings and 21-d-old leaves, respectively. This is the firstexperimental report of tissue-specific nuclear RNA editingevents found in plants. This study will provide importantinformation for revealing the mechanism of RNA editing inplants.

살조 세균을 이용한 Microcystis sp. 녹조류의 성장 제어

( Umme Salma ),임채승 ( Chae Seung Lim ),나숙현 ( Suk Hyun Na ),권범근 ( Bun Gun Kwon ),정선용 ( Seon Yong Chung ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2014 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2014 No.-

Elucidation of morphological and optoelectronic properties of highly crystalline chalcopyrite (CuInSe2) nanoparticles synthesized via hot injection route

Umme Farva,박진호,Mahmood Alam Khan 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.29 No.10

CuInSe2 (CIS) nanoparticles have been prepared by the hot-injection method with sizes ~25 nm, and the thermal annealing influence on the size, morphology and optoelectronic properties of crystalline CuInSe2 nanoparticles has been elucidated. Microstructural analysis of synthesized nanoparticles was performed by various characterization methods including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), Scanning TEM (STEM), Xray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) pattern of HR-TEM image of annealed CuInSe2 nanoparticles illustrates that the particles have quasisingle crystal tetragonal structure, as also confirmed by the XRD pattern. The HR-TEM image clearly shows the fringe widths are in order without any defect with 0.32 nm. Microstructural analysis results clearly indicate that the synthesized and air-annealed nanoparticles are in highly crystalline state with near stoichiometric atomic composition.

Identification of Gy4 nulls and development of multiplex PCR-based co-dominant marker for Gy4 and α' subunit of β-conglycinin in soybean

Mahmuda Umme Rayhan,반규정,김동현,김성일,김문영,이영호,이석하 한국유전학회 2011 Genes & Genomics Vol.33 No.4

Alpha prime (α') subunit of β-conglycinin and Gy4 subunit of glycinin are two important subunits of soybean storage protein which have negative effects on food processing, total amino acid content, and hypersensitivity reactions. It has been possible to reduce or remove some of these problems from soybean by screening or developing mutant lines. The objective of this study was to establish a simple, cheap DNA marker for Gy4 and α' subunit for use in non-seed destructive, marker-assisted selection (MAS) that can identify these two mutants at the same time in a unique PCR reaction. To achieve this objective, we identified eight of Gy4 mutants from diverse soybean accessions from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection and described a multiplex PCR based co-dominant DNA marker for Gy4 subunit of glycinin. Then we crossed one of these Gy4 mutants with Keburi (α' mutant) for development of double mutant variety and established a multiplex PCR based, co-dominant DNA marker for screening Gy4 and α' mutants. Thus, using this newly developed marker to identify Gy4 and α' mutants in breeding programs we could save our time, labor, and resources.

An approach to minimize reactivity penalty of Gd2O3 burnable absorber at the early stage of fuel burnup in Pressurized Water Reactor

Nabila Umme Mahbuba,Sahadath Md. Hossain,Hossain Md. Towhid,Reza Farshid 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.9

The high capture cross-section (sc) of Gadolinium (Gd-155 and Gd-157) causes reactivity penalty and swing at the initial stage of fuel burnup in Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR). The present study is concerned with the feasibility of the combination of mixed burnable poison with both low and high sc as an approach to minimize these effects. Two considered reference designs are fuel assemblies with 24 IBA rods of Gd2O3 and Er2O3 respectively. Models comprise nuclear fuel with a homogeneous mixture of Er2O3, AmO2, SmO2, and HfO2 with Gd2O3 as well as the coating of PaO2 and ZrB2 on the Gd2O3 pellet's outer surface. The infinite multiplication factor was determined and reactivity was calculated considering 3% neutron leakage rate. All models except Er2O3 and SmO2 showed expected results namely higher values of these parameters than the reference design of Gd2O3 at the early burnup period. The highest value was found for the model of PaO2 and Gd2O3 followed by ZrB2 and HfO2. The cycle burnup, discharge burnup, and cycle length for three batch refueling were calculated using Linear Reactivity Model (LRM). The pin power distribution, energy-dependent neutron flux and Fuel Temperature Coefficient (FTC) were also studied. An optimization of model 1 was carried out to investigate effects of different isotopic compositions of Gd2O3 and absorber coating thickness

Effects of pH Change by CO₂ Induction and Salinity on the Hatching Rate of Artemia franciscana

Salma, Umme,Uddowla, Md. Hasan,Lee, Gi-Hun,Yeo, Young-Min,Kim, Hyun-Woo The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2012 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.15 No.2

To understand the effects of lower pH levels due to elevated $CO_2$ and salinity, we designed and constructed a pH-control system that included automatic $CO_2$ infusion and measured the hatching rate of a crustacean model species, Artemia franciscana. The pH-control system was cost-effective and capable of performing animal tests in which pH fluctuated around $8.0{\pm}0.1$, with the temperature around $27{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$. Hatching rate was observed under four different pH levels (7.0, 7.3, 7.6, and untreated control) combined with three salinity ranges (15, 25, and 35 ppt). The results demonstrated that lower pH levels led to decreased hatching rates regardless of salinity, and the minimum hatching rate was detected at pH 7.0 compared to the control (pH $8.0{\pm}0.1$), supporting the idea that OA has adverse effects on hatching rates and increases the risk of juveniles being introduced in the ecosystem. In contrast, salinity changes exhibited no synergistic effects with pH and had independent effects.

A benzocoumarin based two-photon fluorescent probe for ratiometric detection of bisulfite

Tamima, Umme,Singha, Subhankar,Kim, Hye Rim,Reo, Ye Jin,Jun, Yong Woong,Das, Amitava,Ahn, Kyo Han Elsevier 2018 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.277 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Bisulfite, an equilibrium species with sulfite, is generated from endogenous sulfur dioxide in cell from biothiols. At its elevated level, bisulfite can cause several physiological disorder and diseases. To study such “bisulfite biology” in cell and in tissue, a two-photon fluorescent probe with ratiometric imaging capability is in great demand. To this end, we investigated an aryl aldehyde-type probe derived from a dipolar benzocoumarin dye. The probe sensed bisulfite through formation of the corresponding aldehyde–bisulfite adduct in aqueous buffer at pH 7.4, with excellent selectivity over other biologically relevant species and with well-resolved ratiometric fluorescence changes from 625 nm to 552 nm. The high sensitivity (LOD = 0.08 μM) and reactivity (within 30 s) of the probe towards bisulfite enabled us to quantify an endogenous bisulfite level present in human serum. The promising <I>in vitro</I> ratiometric behavior, however, was deteriorated in the cellular environment, owing to large red-edge and blue-shift effects, observed for both the probe and its bisulfite adduct in cell, which occurred into the unfavorable direction. Thus the cellular imaging with the probe was confined to observe the bisulfite level changes, using one-photon as well as two-photon microscopy.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Two-photon fluorescent benzocoumarin based ratiometric probe for bisulfite detection. </LI> <LI> High sensitivity and excellent selectivity towards bisulfite over other various analytes. </LI> <LI> Detection and quantification of endogenous bisulfite level in human serum. </LI> <LI> Imaging of bisulfite in HeLa cells under one-photon and two-photon microscopies. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Epitaxial growth of GaN on (0001) Al2O3 via solution-cast seed layer formation process using Ga(mDTC)3

박진호,Umme Farva,정우식,Eui Jung Kim,Do Hoon Kim 한국화학공학회 2008 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.25 No.5

This paper reports an alternative method for the growth of GaN epitaxial layer on (0001) Al2O3 substrate by hot-wall vapor phase epitaxy technique. Tris (N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamato)-gallium (III), Ga(mDTC)3 was introduced as a precursor material for the seed layer formation in the growth of GaN. Optimal growth conditions with seed layers formed by the Ga(mDTC)3 concentration of 0.047 mol/L were identified: Growth temperature was found to be 850 oC, and optimal distance between the reactant outlet and substrate was determined to be 12.5 cm. Characterization results showed that this growth method produce high-crystallinity GaN epitaxial layers at a relatively lower growth temperature compared to the existing growth techniques and simplify the growth process