소형루프 전자탐사를 이용한 폐기물 오염범위 탐지

송성호 ( Sung Ho Song ),엄재연 ( Jae Yeon Um ),조인기 ( In Ky Cho ),정차연 ( Cha Youn Jung ) 한국지구물리·물리탐사학회 2011 지구물리와 물리탐사 Vol.14 No.2

소형루프 전자탐사는 폐기물 매립지로부터 발생되는 오염원의 범위 및 경로를 추적하기 위한 개략적인 조사에 효과적인 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 매립물 분포 범위 및 침출수 발생 범위 파악을 위하여 다중주파수를 이용한 소형루프 전자탐사를 수행하였으며, 탐사 결과를 24곳의 트렌치 조사와 12개소의 시추조사에서 확인된 오염범위와 비교한 결과 매립지의 규모 및 침출수 범위 추정이 가능한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 그러나 본 매립지가 해안지역 삼각주에 위치함에 따라 약 10 m 이하 심도에서 나타나는 10 ohm-m 이하의 낮은 전기비저항의 원인을 규명하기 위해서는, 10 m 이하 심도까지 시추조사를 병행하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다. The small-loop electromagnetic (EM) survey is an effective method to delineate contamination areas and pathways of contaminant plumes from landfill. A multi-frequency small-loop EM survey was applied to find them at landfill area, located in delta region, and checked the results with in-situ surveys including 24 trench excavations and 12 drilling boreholes. The correlation between these two results indicates this survey would be suitable to investigate the contamination area. However, it would be difficult to analyze low resistivity less than 10 ohm-m below 10 m depth in delta area without drilling survey because of a limitation to expand the penetration depth lower than 10 m depth due to the separation of 1.66 m between the two coils of GEM-2.

A Multicenter Cohort Study for the Evaluation of Tenofovir- Based Combination Therapy for Multi-Drug Resistant Chronic Hepatitis B: Real-Life Data

( Hyung Joon Yim ),( Sang Jun Suh ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Seong Gyu Hwang ),( Hana Park ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Soon Ho Um ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Jae Young Jang ),( In Hee Kim ),( Hyoung 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Management of multidrug resistant (MDR) chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is still challenging. Although current guidelines recommend tenofovir (TDF) or TDF+entecavir (ETV) for MDR CHB, real-life data comparing various combinations based TDF and TDF+ETV are lacking. Herein, we report a multicenter cohort study for the evaluation of TDF-based therapy for MDR CHB. Methods: The inclusion criteria were CHB patients with resistance to more than 2 nucleos(t)ide analogues and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level over 200 IU/mL (or 1000 copies/mL). Patients with decompensated cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma were excluded. Primary end point was virologic response (VR) defined by undetectable HBV DNA at month 12. Secondary endpoints were VR at month 24 and 36. Results: A total of 230 patients were enrolled. Mean age of patients were 49 years and 77.4 % were male. Mean baseline HBV DNA level was 4.1 log IU/mL. 78 patients (34.0%) were resistant to L-nucleoside analogues (L-NA) and ADV. 75 patients (32.6%) were resistant to L-NA and ETV, and 67 patients (29.2%) were resistant to both ADV and ETV in addition to L-NA. Initial treatments for MDR CHB were TDF+ETV 1 mg (165, 71.7 %), TDF+ETV 0.5 mg (7, 3.0 %), TDF+lamivudine (9, 3.9 %), TDF+telbivudine (1, 0.4 %), and TDF monotherapy (34, 14.8 %). Virologic response rates of the whole cohort at month 12, month 24, and month 36 were 75.3%, 83.4 %, and 88.2 %, respectively. When we compared the virologic response rate in-between TDF+ETV 1 mg group, other combination group, and TDF monotherapy group, there was no difference among the groups (74.0 %, 83.3 %, and 76.9 %, respectively, P = 0.770) at month 12. TDF monotherapy was not inferior to any combination therapies. Result of data analysis at month 24 (82.7 %, 83.3 %, and 88.9 %, respectively, P = 0.920) and month 36 (89.0 %, 88.9 %, and 87.5 %, respectively, P = 0.592) showed the same trends. Conclusions: TDF based therapy was effective for the treatment of MDR CHB. The efficacy of TDF monotherapy did not differ from the TDF based combination therapies.

3D stack package의 구조해석과 모아레 측정법을 이용한 결과 비교

윤형석(Hyung Seok Yoon),최광성(Kwang Seong Choi),배현철(Hyun Cheol Bae),임병옥(Byeong Ok Lim),엄용성(Yong Sung Um),문종태(Jong Tae Moon),전인수(In Su Jeon) 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.11

Semiconductor devices become smaller, higher density and performance required is increased interest in this issue is a 3D package technology; Thermo-mechanical reliability was interested in. Coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between dissimilar materials of the package takes the biggest factors in life are most interested in TSV (through silicon via) and the solder joints were treated with the finite element method. Bump chip thickness, interposer thickness, underfill's material property package of several factors that affect the reliability of CTE of underfill for the study was conducted by the largest change in stress was found to appear. We were aiming to optimize the design, production and real samples by comparing the results of the Moire measuring the reliability of numerical results have been verified.

Provenance of Fine-grained Sediments in the Inner Shelf of the Korea Strait (South Sea), Korea

Um, In kwon,Choi, Man Sik,Bae, Sung Ho,Song, Yunho,Kong, Gee Soo Korean Ocean Research & Development Institute and 2018 OCEAN SCIENCE JOURNAL Vol.53 No.1

Major metals (Al, Fe, Mg, and Ti), trace metals (Li, Cs, Sc, and Rb), and rare earth elements (REEs) in the fine-grained sediments (< <TEX>$15{\mu}m$</TEX>) of the central South Sea mud (CSSM) were analyzed to determine the sediment provenance. The spatial distribution of the analyzed elements showed a clear separation between the western (W-CSSM) and eastern (E-CSSM) regions of the CSSM. Concentrations of Fe, Ti, Mg, Sc, and REEs were higher in the W-CSSM, whereas concentrations of Al, Cs, Li, and Rb were higher in the E-CSSM. Unlike the ratios of trace metals ((Cs+Sc)/Li and Rb/Li), REEs could not be used to track the provenance of fine-grained sediments because of a grain size effect. The mixing relationships of the provenance indicators showed that the fine-grained sediments of the CSSM comprise a mixture of the sediments discharged from the Seomjin River (SRS) and sediments eroded and transported from the Heuksan mud belt (HMBS) area by the Korean Coastal Current. Sediments originating from the HMB were deposited mostly in the W-CSSM, whereas those from the Seomjin River were deposited mostly in the E-CSSM. This study indicated that sediments from Chinese rivers as well as the Geum River are important even in the inner shelf of the South Sea of Korea.

Variability in Particle Mixing Rates in Sediments with Polymetallic Nodules in the Equatorial Eastern Pacific as Determined from Measurements of Excess ²¹⁰Pb

Hyeong, Kiseong,Seo, Inah,Lee, Hyun-Bok,Yoo, Chan Min,Chi, Sang-Bum,Um, In Kwon Korean Ocean Research & Development Institute and 2018 OCEAN SCIENCE JOURNAL Vol.53 No.2

Radionuclide activities of <TEX>$^{210}Pb$</TEX> and <TEX>$^{226}Ra$</TEX> were measured to determine bioturbation coefficients (<TEX>$D_b$</TEX>) in seven sediment cores from the Korean licensed block for polymetallic nodules in the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone. Variability in <TEX>$D_b$</TEX> is considered in the context of the sedimentological, geochemical, and geotechnical properties of the sediments. <TEX>$D_b$</TEX> values in the studied cores were estimated using a steady-state diffusion model and varied over a wide range from 1.1 to <TEX>$293cm^2/yr$</TEX> with corresponding mixing depths (L) of 26 to 144 cm. When excepting for spurious results obtained from cores where diffusive mixing does not apply, <TEX>$D_b$</TEX> values range from 1.1 to <TEX>$9.0cm^2/yr$</TEX> with corresponding mixing depths (L) of 26 to 63 cm. Such wide variability in <TEX>$D_b$</TEX> and L values is exceptional in sites with water depths of ~5000 m and is attributed in this study to an uneven distribution of sediment layers with different shear strengths and total organic carbon (TOC) contents, caused by erosion events. The studied cores can be grouped into two categories based on lithologic associations: layers with high maximum shear strength (MSS) and low TOC content, showing a narrow range of <TEX>$D_b$</TEX> values (<TEX>$1.1-9.0cm^2/yr$</TEX>); and layers with low MSS and high TOC content, yielding much higher <TEX>$D_b$</TEX> values of over <TEX>$30cm^2/yr$</TEX>. The distribution of different lithologies, and the resultant spatial variability in MSS and labile organic matter content, controls the presence and maximum burrowing depth of infauna by affecting their mobility and the availability of food. This study provides a unique case showing that shear strength, which relates to the degree of sediment consolidation, might be an important factor in controlling rates of bioturbation and sediment mixing depths.

응급센터에서 시행하는 약물선별현장검사의 유용성

엄인경 ( In Kyung Um ),박종수 ( Jong Su Park ),한갑수 ( Kap Su Han ),조한진 ( Hanjin Cho ),최성혁 ( Sung Hyuck Choi ),이성우 ( Sung Woo Lee ),홍윤식 ( Yun Sik Hong ) 대한임상독성학회 2011 대한임상독성학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Purpose: The role of a point of care test (POCT) is currently becoming important when treating patients and making decisions in the emergency department. It also plays a role for managing patients presenting with drug intoxication. But the availability of the test has not yet been studied in Korea. Therefore, we investigated the utility and the availability of POCT for drug screening used in the emergency department. Methods: This was a retrospective study for those patients with drug intoxication between January 2007 and December 2010 in an urban emergency department. Results: Between the study period, 543 patients were examined with a Triage□-TOX Drug Screen. Among those, 248 (45.7%) patients showed negative results and 295 (54.3%) patients showed positive results. The sensitivity of the test for benzodiazepine, acetaminophen and tricyclic antidepressants were 85.9%, 100%, 79.2%, respectively. Conclusion: POCT of drug screening in emergency department showed good accuracy especially in patient with benzodiazepine, acetaminophen and tricyclic antidepressant intoxication. Therefore, it can be useful diagnostic tool for the management of intoxicated patients.

Mori Folium regulates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice and cytokine production in mast cells

Choi, In-Young,Kim, You-Jeong,Kee, Ji-Ye,Kim, Min-Chol,Lee, Dong-Jin,Cho, Sung-One,Ko, Jang-Ho,Kim, Dae-Seung,Jeon, Yong-Deok,Yoon, Cheol-Hee,Park, Yun-Jum,Um, Jae-Young,Hong, Seung-Heon 경희한의학연구센터 2012 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.12 No.2

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by detrimental immune reactivity in the gut, and the imbalance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory reactivity. The incidence and prevalence rates of IBD in Korea have been increasing rapidly during the past decades. In this study, we investigated regulatory effect of leaf of a mulberry tree (Moraceae) called Gwasang-No.2 in Korea. Leaf of Gwasang-No.2 (Gwa.L) inhibited the inflammatory responses on dextran sulfate sodium induced ulcerative colitis in mice and the production of nitrite oxide from lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages. Gwa.L inhibited IL-6 and IL-8 production from HMC-1 cells without cytotoxic effects on cell viability. These results may be relevant for future pharmacological or dietary interventions in patients with ulcerative colitis.

대식세포에서 폐렴구균 협막 다당류에 의한 TNF-α 및 Nitric Oxide 생성

엄성희(Sung Hee Um),엄진섭(Jin Sub Um),인상환(Sang Hwan In),문은이(Eun Yi Moon),이동권(Dong Kwon Rhee),표석능(Suhk Neung Pyo) 한국응용약물학회 1998 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.6 No.1

Capsular polysaccharides (CPs) from Streptococcus pneumoniae were examined for the ability to induce secrefory responses in a pure population of peritoneal macrophages. The highly purified CPs were able to affect the macrophage, ie, secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) and nitrite. As after stimulation with CPs, secretion of TNF-αinduced by these CPs reached its maximum within the first few hours of the interaction, while secretion of nitrite was increased with time. In addition, production of TNF-αand nitrite was increased in a dose-dependent manner. In the presence of indomethacin, CP-stimulated TNF-αproduction was not altered. In contrast, LPS with indomethacin stimulated 24.5% more TNF-αthan LPS alone, suggesting that the intracellular signaling processes for TNF production are differentially stimulated by CP and LPS. The results demonstrate that CPs are potent inducer of macrophage secretory activities.

Evaluation of bone formation and membrane degradation in guided bone regeneration using a 4-hexylresorcinol-incorporated silk fabric membrane

Lee, Sang-Woon,Um, In Chul,Kim, Seong-Gon,Cha, Min-Sang Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2015 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.37 No.-

Background: The aims of present study were (1) to evaluate new bone formation among the 4-hexylresorcinol (4HR)-incorporated silk fabric membrane (SFM), conventional SFM, and uncovered control groups and (2) to compare the amount of residual membrane between the 4HR-incorporated SFM and conventional SFM in a rabbit parietal defect model. Methods: Nine New Zealand white rabbits were used for this animal study. After the formation of a bilateral parietal bone defect (diameter 8.0 mm), either 4HR-incorporated SFM or conventional SFM was grafted into the defect. The defect in the control was left uncovered. New bone formation and the amount of residual membrane were evaluated by histomorphometry at 8 weeks after the operation. Results: The total amount of new bone was $37.84{\pm}8.30%$ in the control, $56.64{\pm}15.74%$ in the 4HR-incorporated SFM group, and $53.35{\pm}10.52%$ in the conventional SFM group 8 weeks after the operation. The differences were significant between the control and 4HR-incorporated SFM group (P = 0.016) and between the control and conventional SFM group (P = 0.040). The residual membrane was $75.08{\pm}10.52%$ in the 4HR-incorporated SFM group and $92.23{\pm}5.46%$ in the conventional SFM group 8 weeks after the operation. The difference was significant (P = 0.039). Conclusions: The 4HR-incorporated SFM and conventional SFM groups showed more bone regeneration than the control group. The incorporated 4HR accelerated the partial degradation of the silk fabric membrane in a rabbit parietal defect model 8 weeks after the operation.

Role of ganglioside GM3 and GM2 on Lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in porcine renal epithelial cell PK15

Malg-Um Lim,Jae-Sung Ryu,Ghislain Moussavou,Ju-Taek Lee,Hyun-Ki Min,Yoon-Ju Na,Chi-Hyun Ahn,In-Sun Kim,Ju-Hyoung Lee,Ji-Su Kim,Sun-Uk Kim,Kyu-Tae Chang,Kisung Ko,Deog-Bon Koo,Young-Kug Choo 한국당과학회 2013 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1

Gangliosides, play important regulatory roles in cell adhesion, survival and immunosuppressive activity. In this study, we investigated whether gangliosides can affect to immune responses in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated porcine kidney cell line, PK15. Cell proliferation decreased, whefreas nitro oxide (NO) increased in 5 ㎍/ml of LPS-stimulated PK15. In high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and immunofluorsence analysis showed that gangliosides GM3, GM2, GD3, GD1a and GD1b were detected, however, expression of GM3 and GM2 decreased in LPS-stimulated PK15. Furthermore, we knock- downed UDP-glucose:ceramide glucosyltransferase (Ugcg) by short hairpin (sh) RNA, which catalyzes the initial step in glycosphingolipids biosynthesis pathway. Western blot and HPTLC analyse showed that Ugcg protein and gangliosides expression decreased in Ugcg shRNA infected PK15. When we stimulated Ugcg gene knock-downed PK15 with LPS (5 ㎍/ml), cell proliferation was decreased, however, NO release increased compared to un-infected PK15. Moreover, we investigated the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and these protein expression levels increased in LPS-stimulated Ugcg gene knock-downed PK15. These results suggest that gangliosides, specifically GM3 and GM2, may play a role in the interaction with components of the inflammatory response, and to be relevant for designing future therapeutic strategies intended to prolong xenotransplantation.