Occurrence, evolution, and functions of DNA phosphorothioate epigenetics in bacteria

Tong, Tong,Chen, Si,Wang, Lianrong,Tang, You,Ryu, Jae Yong,Jiang, Susu,Wu, Xiaolin,Chen, Chao,Luo, Jie,Deng, Zixin,Li, Zhiqiang,Lee, Sang Yup,Chen, Shi National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.13

<P><B>Significance</B></P><P>Phosphorothioate (PT) modification of the DNA sugar-phosphate backbone is an important microbial epigenetic modification governed by DndABCDE, which together with DndFGH, constitutes a restriction-modification system. We show that up to 45% of 1,349 identified bacterial <I>dnd</I> systems exhibit the form of solitary <I>dndABCDE</I> without the restriction counterparts of <I>dndFGH</I>. The combination of epigenomics, transcriptome analysis, and metabolomics suggests that in addition to providing a genetic barrier against invasive DNA, PT modification is a versatile player involved in the epigenetic control of gene expression and the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis. This finding provides evolutionary and functional insights into this unusual epigenetic modification. Our results imply that PT systems might evolve similar to other epigenetic modification systems with multiple cellular functions.</P><P>The chemical diversity of physiological DNA modifications has expanded with the identification of phosphorothioate (PT) modification in which the nonbridging oxygen in the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA is replaced by sulfur. Together with DndFGH as cognate restriction enzymes, DNA PT modification, which is catalyzed by the DndABCDE proteins, functions as a bacterial restriction-modification (R-M) system that protects cells against invading foreign DNA. However, the occurrence of <I>dnd</I> systems across a large number of bacterial genomes and their functions other than R-M are poorly understood. Here, a genomic survey revealed the prevalence of bacterial <I>dnd</I> systems: 1,349 bacterial <I>dnd</I> systems were observed to occur sporadically across diverse phylogenetic groups, and nearly half of these occur in the form of a solitary <I>dndBCDE</I> gene cluster that lacks the <I>dndFGH</I> restriction counterparts. A phylogenetic analysis of 734 complete PT R-M pairs revealed the coevolution of M and R components, despite the observation that several PT R-M pairs appeared to be assembled from M and R parts acquired from distantly related organisms. Concurrent epigenomic analysis, transcriptome analysis, and metabolome characterization showed that a solitary PT modification contributed to the overall cellular redox state, the loss of which perturbed the cellular redox balance and induced <I>Pseudomonas fluorescens</I> to reconfigure its metabolism to fend off oxidative stress. An in vitro transcriptional assay revealed altered transcriptional efficiency in the presence of PT DNA modification, implicating its function in epigenetic regulation. These data suggest the versatility of PT in addition to its involvement in R-M protection.</P>

In‑situ growth of ZIF‑8/CP with ultra‑high adsorption capacity for removing Malachite green from water

Jie Lou,Qiuping Fu,Lei Yu,Hui Yuan,Jie Zhao,Xinde Wei,Tong Wang,Changli Mo 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.7

An environmentally friendly and low-cost chitosan-containing polysaccharide (CP) composite ZIF-8/CP was designed and prepared based on the difficulty of separating the traditional adsorbent from the water phase. ZIF-8/CP was synthesized through in-situ growth approach. The physical, chemical and structure properties of ZIF-8/CP were determined through a series of characterization methods, including SEM, FT-IR and PXRD. The effects of touch time, pH, temperature, and coexisting ions on adsorption were assessed. In addition, kinetics, isotherms of adsorption and thermodynamics were examined. The data of isotherms for adsorption indicated that the adsorption of ZIF-8/CP on MG was similar to the Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1428.57 mg/g. Moreover, the kinetic parameters were consistent with the pseudo- 2nd-order equation. Thermodynamic studies (ΔG < 0, ΔH > 0) demonstrated a heat-absorbing and spontaneous adsorption process. Our study reveals that ZIF-8/CP has good adsorption properties and environmental properties.

THE DETECTION OF INSTANTANEOUS DISTORTED CURRENT WITH THREE-DIMENSIONAL SPACE VECTOR

Tong Mei,Tong Jie,Jiang Jingping 전력전자학회 1998 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.- No.-

Active power filter is a kind of device used for compensating instantaneous reactive and harmonic current in three-phase circuits An essential technology that determines the behavior of an active power filter is the method of detecting the distorted current Using three-dimensional space vectors, this paper describes a simple method for detecting the distorted current without any coordinate transformation The effectiveness of the novel method is verified by the theoretical analysis and simulation.

MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al2O3 nanocomposites incorporated cellulose acetate for forward osmosis membranes of high desalination performance

Tong Li,Xuelian Ba,Xiuju Wang,Zhongpeng Wang,Jie Yang,Yu Cui,Liguo Wang 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.1

Forward osmosis (FO) membrane is a promising membrane technique. However, its application in desalination is limited. Thus, we synthesized MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al2O3 via solvent-thermal method to fabricate MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al2O3/cellulose acetate (CA) composite membranes of high desalination performance. MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al2O3 and MIL-53(Fe) particles were studied using XRD, FITR, SEM, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, and AFM. The structural features of MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al2O3/CA membrane and MIL-53(Fe)/CA membrane were analyzed using SEM, AFM and water contact angle. The reverse salt flux and water flux of the MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al2O3/CA membrane reached 1.78 g m−2 h−1 and 37.1 L m−2 h−1, respectively, when the deionized water and 1 M NaCl solution were the feed solution and traction solution, respectively. Compared to the MIL-53(Fe)/CA membrane, the MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al2O3/CA membrane demonstrated better perviousness and selectivity properties of the membrane. This study shows a potential advantage of MOF composites as additives for improvement in the desalination performance of forward osmosis membranes.

MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al₂O₃ nanocomposites incorporated cellulose acetate for forward osmosis membranes of high desalination performance

Tong Li,Xuelian Ba,Xiuju Wang,Zhongpeng Wang,Jie Yang,Yu Cui,Liguo Wang 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.1

Forward osmosis (FO) membrane is a promising membrane technique. However, its application in desalination is limited. Thus, we synthesized MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al₂O₃ via solvent-thermal method to fabricate MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al₂O₃/cellulose acetate (CA) composite membranes of high desalination performance. MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al₂O₃ and MIL-53(Fe) particles were studied using XRD, FITR, SEM, N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherms, and AFM. The structural features of MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al₂O₃/CA membrane and MIL-53(Fe)/CA membrane were analyzed using SEM, AFM and water contact angle. The reverse salt flux and water flux of the MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al₂O₃/CA membrane reached 1.78 g m<SUP>-2</SUP> h<SUP>-1</SUP> and 37.1 L m<SUP>-2 </SUP>h<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively, when the deionized water and 1 M NaCl solution were the feed solution and traction solution, respectively. Compared to the MIL-53(Fe)/CA membrane, the MIL-53(Fe)@γ-Al₂O₃/CA membrane demonstrated better perviousness and selectivity properties of the membrane. This study shows a potential advantage of MOF composites as additives for improvement in the desalination performance of forward osmosis membranes.

Keratin/PEO/hydroxyapatite Nanofiber Membrane with Improved Mechanical Property for Potential Burn Dressing Application

Jie Fan,Tong-da Lei,Meng-Yan Yu,Yong-Heng Wang,Fu-Yuan Cao,Qingqi Yang,Faming Tian,Yong Liu 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.2

Keratin, as a promising substitute for tissue engineering due to its excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity, is used to combine one or more other polymers together. However, compound nanofibers with high keratin content (normally>90 wt.%) may result in the poor elongation of nanofiber membranes such as wound dressing. In this work, different ratios of hydroxyapatites (HA) modified by sodium hexametaphosphate were blended with keratin/polyethylene oxide (PEO) spinning solution to produce reinforced keratin blend nanofiber nonwoven membranes as a potential candidate wound dressing. The tensile strength of keratin blend nanofiber membrane with 15 % modified HA addition was two times higher than that without HA. The morphologies and chemical structure of keratin/PEO/HA nanofiber membranes were investigated using SEM, FTIR, and TG. The biocompatibility and the burn repairing performance of keratin/PEO/HA nanofiber mat were also investigated by cell culture and animal burn model. The results showed that the Keratin/PEO/HA nanofiber membranewas beneficial to enhance the proliferation of L929 cell, exhibiting an advantages in reducing inflammatory response in the infective stage and enhancing skin repairing process in the following recover stages. Our data suggested that keratin/PEO/HA nanofiber membrane could serve as a promising burn dressing for treatment of the skin burn.

A facile approach to preparing palladium nanoparticles-embedded polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) heterogeneous hybrid nanofibers mats by electrospinning

Jie Bai,Liping Guo,Haiou Liang,Tong Xu,Chunping Li,Qingrun Meng,Huan Liu,Yarong Huang 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.12

Well-dispersed palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) were prepared under the condition that trisodium citrate was the reduction agent and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was the stabilizing agent via sol-gel process. By making good use of the advanced electrospinning technology we obtained Pd NPs/PVP composite nanofibers films. Optical properties were examined by UV-visible absorbance spectra (UV-vis) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The morphology and distribution of Pd NPs in/on PVP matrix were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM)and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results showed that Pd NPs presented as spherical spots and distributed in/on PVP nanofibers uniformly; their diameter was 4-10 nm and decreased with the increase of PVP. The as-prepared Pd NPs/PVP hybrid mats possess catalytic activity, stability and reusability, as verified by performance in Heck reaction.

Induced expression of three heat shock proteins mediated by thermal stress in Heortia vitessoides (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Jie Cheng,Chun-Yan WANG,Zi-Hao LYU,Tong Lin 한국곤충학회 2018 Entomological Research Vol.48 No.5

To gain an insight into the function of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in insects during thermal stress, three HSP cDNAs were identified in the transcriptome of adult Heortia vitessoides, one of the most destructive defoliating pests in Aquilaria sinensis (Loureiro) Sprenger forests. The open reading frames of HvHsp60, HvHsp70, and HvHsp90 were 1,719, 2,070, and 2,151 bp in length, respectively, and encoded proteins with molecular weights of 61.05, 75.02, and 82.23 kDa, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed that all three HSPs were highly conserved in structure. Regarding the stage‐specific expression profiles, HvHsp60, HvHsp70, and HvHsp90 mRNAs were detected in all developmental stages. Regarding the tissue‐specific expression profiles, the expression levels of the three HSP genes were different in various larval and adult tissues. Moreover, the expression patterns of heat‐stressed larvae, pupae, and adults indicated that HvHsp60, HvHsp70, and HvHsp90 were heat‐inducible. In particular, HvHsp60 transcripts increased dramatically in larvae and pupae that were heat‐stressed at 40°C and were upregulated in adults that were heat‐stressed at 35°C and 40°C. The expression of HvHsp70 significantly increased in all of the three different developmental stages at 35°C, 40°C, and 45°C. The expression of HvHsp90 obviously increased at 30°C, 35°C, and 40°C in larvae and could be induced at 35°C in pupae and adults. The results suggest that HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 play a major role in protecting H. vitessoides against high‐temperature stress.

In Vivo Biocompatibility and Improved Compression Strength of Reinforced Keratin/Hydroxyapatite Scaffold

Jie Fan,Meng-Yan Yu,Tong-da Lei,Yong-Heng Wang,Fu-Yuan Cao,Xiao Qin,Yong Liu 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2018 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.15 No.2

A rapid freezing/lyophilizing/reinforcing process is suggested to fabricate reinforced keratin/hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffold with improved mechanical property and biocompatibility for tissue engineering. The keratin, extracted from human hair, and HA mixture were rapidly frozen with liquid nitrogen and then lyophilized to prepare keratin/HA laminar scaffold. The scaffold was then immersed in PBS for reinforcement treatment, and followed by a second lyophilization to prepare the reinforced keratin/HA scaffold. The morphology, mechanical, chemical, crystal and thermal property of the keratin/HA scaffold were investigated by SEM, FTIR, XRD, DSC, respectively. The results showed that the keratin/HA scaffold had a high porosity of 76.17 ± 3%. The maximum compressive strength and compressive modulus of the reinforced scaffold is 0.778 and 3.3 MPa respectively. Subcutaneous implantation studies in mice showed that in vivo the scaffold was biocompatible since the foreign body reaction seen around the implanted scaffold samples was moderate and became minimal upon increasing implantation time. These results demonstrate that the keratin/HA reinforced scaffold prepared here is promising for biomedical utilization.

A retrospective study on the efficacy of Roxadustat in peritoneal dialysis patients with erythropoietin hyporesponsiveness

Jie Liu,Shuang Li,Fan Yang,Tianyu Li,Rui Li,Yousuf Waheed,Chen Meng,Shulin Li,Kun Liu,Yanshan Tong,Haisheng Xu,Chuankuo Tian,Xinglei Zhou 대한내과학회 2024 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.39 No.3

Background/Aims: Roxadustat, an oral medication for treating renal anemia, is a hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor used for regulating iron metabolism and promoting erythropoiesis. To investigate the efficacy and safety of roxadustat in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) with erythropoietin hyporesponsiveness. Methods: Single-center, retrospective study, 81 PD patients (with erythropoietin hyporesponsiveness) were divided into the roxadustat group (n = 61) and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) group (n = 20). Hemoglobin (Hb), total cholesterol, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), related indicators of cardiac function and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were collected. Additionally, adverse events were also recorded. The follow-up period was 16 weeks. Results: The two groups exhibited similar baseline demographic and clinical characteristics. At baseline, the roxadustat group had a mean Hb level of 89.8 ± 18.9 g/L, while the ESAs group had a mean Hb level of 95.2 ± 16.0 g/L. By week 16, the Hb levels had increased to 118 ± 19.8 g/L (p < 0.05) in the roxadustat group and 101 ± 19.3 g/L (p > 0.05) in the ESAs group. The efficacy of roxadustat in improving anemia was not influenced by baseline levels of hs-CRP and iPTH. Cholesterol was decreased in the roxadustat group without statin use. An increase in left ventricular ejection fraction and stabilization of BNP were observed in the roxadustat group. Conclusions: For PD patients with erythropoietin hyporesponsiveness, roxadustat can significantly improve renal anemia. The efficacy of roxadustat in improving renal anemia was not affected by baseline levels of hs-CRP0 and iPTH.