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        Enhancing the hydrolysis of corn starch using optimal amylases in a high-adjunct-ratio malt mashing process

        Linjiang Zhu,Ting Ma,Yiming Mei,Qi Li 한국식품과학회 2017 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.26 No.5

        Incompletely degraded corn starch particles often seriously inhibit wort filtration and decrease a brewery’s beer productivity. Herein, the inhibiting factors of starch hydrolysis and the application of amylases to degrade residual starch were evaluated. The results showed that resistant starch and the amylopectin of corn starch were not the inhibiting factors. Almost all residual starch left in the spent grain layer was proved to be degradable by amylases. Mesophilic a-amylase was selected through a comparison of nine amylases, which increased the wort filtration rate by 44%. However,[6% of corn starch was still left after mashing when a high ratio of corn starch to water ([1:3.5) was used in liquefaction. The low water content in liquefaction was proved to be the key inhibiting factor. Considering the existing equipment and brewing technology, the application of mesophilic a-amylases should be a simple and effective method for enhancing the hydrolysis of corn starch and accelerating the wort lautering process during a high-adjunct-ratio beer brewing process.

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        An investigation on tribological properties of the chemically capped zinc borate(ZB)/MoS2 nanocomposites in oil

        Pei-Rong Wu,Yu-Mei Feng,Ting Ge,Ying-Chao Kong,Zhan-Sheng Ma,Zan Liu,Zhi-Lin Cheng 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.63 No.-

        The surface of self-made MoS2 nanosheets with five-layer structure was successively decorated by zinc borate (ZB) nanoparticles with coordination enhancement on the tribological performance and modified by three types of modifiers for improving dispersivity in oil. A series of characterizations determined the chemical modification and composite structure of the ZB/MoS2 nanocomposites. The tribological properties of the chemically capped ZB/MoS2 nanocomposites were extensively examined on a ball-on-ball wear tester. The average friction coefficient and average wear scar diameter of the OA-ZB/MoS2-based oil dropped by about 25.2% and 52.2%, and furthermore the extreme pressure performance increased by about 15.2% compared to oil.

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        Negative Impact of Adjacent Coordination on Direct Electrochemistry and Enzymatic Catalysis of Laccase Immobilization onto Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes Functionalized by Perylene Derivative

        Han Zeng,Wen Shan Huo,Fang Wang,Ting Mei Ma 한국고분자학회 2019 Macromolecular Research Vol.27 No.10

        Influence of interactions between Laccase and carbon nano-tubes modified by perylene derivative on structural parameters and electrochemical behaviors of immobilized redox protein, was investigated systematically by the means of spectrometry, photography and electro-chemistry. Sophisticated interactions including abutting coordination could result in anomalistic agglomeration of nano-composite with Lac incorporation which displayed better hydrophobicity than free Laccase and high resistance of charge shuttle. It would retard the progress of thermal decomposition of nano-composite and would lead to the formation of composite without emission of fluorescence. Strong binding of Laccase with perylenyl derivative (binding constant: 7.5×104 L/mol) would alter the mechanism of electron transferring. T1 Cu2+ of Laccase in the status of complexation played the intra-molecular electron relay with mid-wave potential at -135.6 mV and demonstrated undesirable dynamics in electron transferring (7.7×10-2 s-1). The catalytic function in oxygen reduction was prohibited for the abutting coordination and only weak catalytic effect could be achieved in the presence of electron relay. The whole catalytic cycle was limited by the mass transferring of electron mediator.

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