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유근재,Teresita Cruz-Del Rosario 장로회신학대학교 세계선교연구원 2019 선교와 신학 Vol.47 No.-
Religious pluralism in the Philippines is oftentimes misconstrued as an oxymoron given the country’ predominant Catholic population --- the outcome of nearly 5 centuries of Spanish colonialism in which the motor of colonial administration was the Church and the Spanish friar. However, a historical view of religion in the Philippines yields two interesting patterns: 1) a globalization that preceded the nineteenth century, what Janet Abu-Lughod (1989) terms as a “world system that came into being” long before European hegemony, prompted a migration pattern characterized by the shift of maritime routes from the Persian Gulf to the Red Sea and occasioned an outflow of traders and Sufi missionaries originating from the Hadramawt region in the 13th century and brought Islam to Southeast Asia including the Philippines; 2) a current globalization that brought American Protestantism to the Philippines, as well as labor outflow from the Philippines to the Middle East, creating a new phenomenon of religious conversion known as Balik Islam (Return to Islam) among migrant Filipinos. Emphasis of this paper is on the religious history and pluralism in the Philippines for effective Korea Church mission.